【摘要】：能源是國家賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),與社會文明進(jìn)步息息相關(guān),隨著能源消耗量的不斷增長,能源供應(yīng)的可持續(xù)性問題日益凸顯。而建筑在建造與使用過程中消耗了全球近一半的能源,中國目前的建筑能耗已占到社會總能耗的35%以上,建筑節(jié)能不僅成為了當(dāng)今世界各國共同關(guān)注的焦點更是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)發(fā)展階段的重要內(nèi)容。我國長江流域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,建筑能耗增長速度較快,主要氣候特征為夏熱冬冷,制冷與采暖需求并存,如何降低這一獨特建筑氣候區(qū)的建筑能耗是一個世界性難題。我國夏熱冬冷地區(qū)建筑節(jié)能工作起步較晚,并且一直沿用北方寒冷及嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的墻體外保溫節(jié)能技術(shù),找到更適合該地區(qū)的墻體保溫結(jié)構(gòu)意義重大。本文針對夏熱冬冷地區(qū)分室性、間歇性用能特點,通過實驗驗證能耗模擬軟件的可行性,運用全年與典型日用能分析相結(jié)合的方法,從用能一般性與特殊性兩個方面對不同墻體結(jié)構(gòu)的節(jié)能情況做全面準(zhǔn)確的研究。然后分析單位面積上墻體內(nèi)壁面的熱流量,比較不同墻體結(jié)構(gòu)下的室內(nèi)環(huán)境通過墻體向外散失的能量大小關(guān)系。不同研究方法最終得到的結(jié)果均是內(nèi)保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)能效果最佳,最不推薦建筑墻體不做保溫。全年空調(diào)用能:夏季內(nèi)保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)全年制冷能耗比外保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)低11.2%;冬季內(nèi)保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)全年制熱能耗比外保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)低8.7%。夏熱冬冷地區(qū)全年內(nèi)內(nèi)外保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)相對于無保溫結(jié)構(gòu)的總節(jié)能量節(jié)能分別為2190.65MJ和1569.05MJ。典型日空調(diào)用能:夏季和冬季內(nèi)保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)日空調(diào)能耗比外保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)分別低18.9%和13.4%。單位面積熱流量:夏季和冬季典型日空調(diào)運行時段內(nèi)保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)熱流密度比外保溫墻體結(jié)構(gòu)分別低11.7%和12.45%。此外本文還分析了室內(nèi)人員使用空調(diào)的不同行為習(xí)慣在全年及一天24h內(nèi)空調(diào)能耗量,對間歇性用能特點進(jìn)一步研究。結(jié)果表明在不影響室內(nèi)溫度舒適性的情況下,情景一睡前關(guān)閉空調(diào)工作日早上不開空調(diào);情景二凌晨關(guān)閉空調(diào),早上起床后室內(nèi)溫度較低或較高便開啟空調(diào)人員離開時及時關(guān)閉的使用習(xí)慣節(jié)能效果明顯。相對于只要室內(nèi)環(huán)境不舒適便保持空調(diào)運行的用能習(xí)慣而言,情景一和情景二的全年總能耗分別減少了6140.738MJ和3814.919MJ,人員行為習(xí)慣對空調(diào)用能情況影響顯著。由此節(jié)能與每個人息息相關(guān),在不影響舒適度的情況下,提倡出門關(guān)閉空調(diào),按需開啟空調(diào)。本文通過對建筑能耗定性及定量分析,希望能為夏熱冬冷地區(qū)建筑節(jié)能的發(fā)展盡到微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important material basis for the survival and development of a country, and is closely related to the progress of social civilization. With the continuous increase of energy consumption, the sustainability of energy supply becomes increasingly prominent. In the construction and use of buildings, nearly half of the world's energy consumption, China's current building energy consumption has accounted for more than 35% of the total energy consumption of society. Building energy saving has not only become the focus of common concern in the world today, but also an important part of the new normal stage of economic development in our country. The economy of the Yangtze River valley in China is developing rapidly, and the building energy consumption is increasing rapidly. The main climatic characteristics are hot summer and cold winter, and the demand for refrigeration and heating coexist. How to reduce the building energy consumption in this unique building climate area is a worldwide problem. The energy conservation work of buildings in hot summer and cold winter area starts late, and it is of great significance to find the wall insulation structure which is more suitable for the cold and cold areas in the north. In view of the characteristics of chamber and intermittent energy use in hot summer and cold winter area, the feasibility of energy consumption simulation software is verified by experiments, and the method of combining annual energy analysis with typical daily energy analysis is used. This paper makes a comprehensive and accurate study on the energy conservation of different wall structures from the aspects of generality and particularity of energy use. Then, the heat flux of the inner wall on the unit area is analyzed, and the energy relationship between the indoor environment with different wall structure and the energy dissipation through the wall is compared. The result of different research methods is that the energy saving effect of internal insulation wall structure is the best, and it is the least recommended that building wall should not do heat preservation. The annual energy consumption of air conditioning: the annual energy consumption of heat preservation wall structure in summer is lower than that of external insulation wall structure in the whole year, and the annual heating energy consumption of internal insulation wall structure in winter is 8.7 lower than that of external insulation wall structure. The total energy saving of internal and external insulation wall structure in hot summer and cold winter area is 2190.65MJ and 1569.05 MJ, respectively. Typical daily air conditioning energy consumption: the energy consumption of internal insulation wall structure in summer and winter is 18.9% and 13.440% lower than that of external insulation wall structure respectively. Heat flux per unit area: the heat flux of heat preservation wall structure in summer and winter is 11.7% and 12.45% lower than that of external insulation wall structure respectively. In addition, the different behavior habits of indoor personnel using air conditioning during the whole year and 24 hours a day were analyzed, and the characteristics of intermittent energy use were further studied. The results show that when the indoor temperature comfort is not affected, the air conditioning will not be turned on during the working day before going to bed. Situation 2 early in the morning to close the air conditioning, after getting up in the morning lower or higher indoor temperature will open when the air conditioner personnel leave the use of the habit of energy saving. Compared with the energy use habit of keeping air conditioning operation if the indoor environment is not comfortable, the total energy consumption of scenario 1 and scenario 2 are reduced by 6140.738MJ and 3814.919MJ, respectively, and the behavior habits of personnel have a significant effect on the energy use of air conditioning. Therefore, energy saving is closely related to everyone. Without affecting comfort, it is recommended to turn off air conditioning and turn on air conditioning on demand. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of building energy consumption, this paper hopes to make a modest contribution to the development of building energy conservation in hot summer and cold winter area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU111.4

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本文編號：2413563