【摘要】：近年來,隨著全球氣候變化及能源安全問題持續(xù)受到人類社會的重點關(guān)注,智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)的重要性日益突出。智能變電站是建設(shè)堅強智能電網(wǎng)的重要環(huán)節(jié),其投資建設(shè)資金也在電網(wǎng)總體投資中占據(jù)了較大比重。由于智能變電站在技術(shù)方案上與普通變電站有著顯著差異,其造價管理也不同于普通變電站。提高智能變電站造價的管理水平、開展造價合理性評價,可以為合理布局智能變電站建設(shè)規(guī)模和建設(shè)時序提供決策支撐。本文針對智能變電站開展造價管理和合理性評價研究,為提高智能變電站造價管理水平,增強智能變電站造價科學合理性奠定基礎(chǔ)。本文首先闡述國內(nèi)外造價管理的研究現(xiàn)狀,概述電網(wǎng)工程和變電工程造價的基本構(gòu)成、特點和造價管理的內(nèi)容;其次,介紹智能變電站的定義和特點,剖析智能變電站與普通變電站在技術(shù)和造價管理方面的異同點,研究智能變電站造價趨勢,開展智能變電站全過程造價管理分析,總結(jié)現(xiàn)階段存在的問題;接下來,在明確造價影響因素識別原則和方法的基礎(chǔ)上,將智能變電站建設(shè)過程分為決策與可研階段、設(shè)計與招標采購階段、建設(shè)施工階段和竣工決算階段分別挖掘和識別影響智能變電站造價的因素;再其次,分別從造價形成合理性和造價管理合理性兩個方面建立智能變電站造價合理性影響指標體系;接下來,建立基于AHP-云模型的智能變電站造價合理性評價模型,通過切比雪夫不等式確定合理性區(qū)間,消除異常數(shù)據(jù)對模型的影響,確定評語集和評價標準云,利用云發(fā)生器生成指標基本云,通過AHP方法計算各指標的權(quán)重并利用綜合云合成算法計算得到最終的綜合評價云,計算與標準云的相似度,得到造價合理性評價結(jié)論。最后,結(jié)合評價結(jié)論提出了未來智能變電站造價管理在方案標準化、物資集約化、定額及規(guī)范完善化等方面的建議。本文從智能變電站造價管理實際問題出發(fā),提出了智能變電站造價管理合理性評價模型,有助于剖析智能變電站造價管理中存在的問題,可以有效促進降低企業(yè)投資成本和提高企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟效益,對智能變電站的發(fā)展和推廣具有重要的實踐意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the global climate change and energy security issues continue to be the focus of human society, the importance of smart grid construction has become increasingly prominent. Smart substation is an important link in building a strong smart grid, and its investment and construction funds also occupy a large proportion in the overall investment of power grid. The cost management of intelligent substation is different from that of ordinary substation because of the obvious difference between intelligent substation and ordinary substation. Improving the management level of intelligent substation cost and carrying out reasonable cost evaluation can provide decision support for rational layout of intelligent substation construction scale and construction timing. In this paper, the research on cost management and rationality evaluation for intelligent substation is carried out, which lays a foundation for improving the cost management level of intelligent substation and strengthening the scientific rationality of intelligent substation cost. This paper first describes the research status of cost management at home and abroad, summarizes the basic structure, characteristics and content of cost management of power grid engineering and substation project. Secondly, it introduces the definition and characteristics of intelligent substation, analyzes the similarities and differences between intelligent substation and ordinary substation in technology and cost management, studies the cost trend of intelligent substation, and carries out the cost management analysis of the whole process of intelligent substation. Summing up the existing problems at the present stage; Then, on the basis of defining the principles and methods of identifying the factors affecting the cost, the construction process of intelligent substation is divided into decision-making and research stage, design and procurement stage. The factors that affect the cost of intelligent substation are excavated and identified in construction stage and final accounting stage respectively. Secondly, from the cost formation rationality and the cost management rationality, the paper establishes the intelligent substation cost rationality impact index system. Then, a reasonable evaluation model of intelligent substation cost based on AHP- cloud model is established. The interval of rationality is determined by Chebyshev inequality, the influence of abnormal data on the model is eliminated, and the evaluation set and evaluation standard cloud are determined. The index basic cloud is generated by the cloud generator, the weight of each index is calculated by AHP method, and the final comprehensive evaluation cloud is calculated by using the synthesis cloud synthesis algorithm. The similarity between the index cloud and the standard cloud is calculated, and the conclusion of cost rationality evaluation is obtained. Finally, based on the evaluation conclusions, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the future intelligent substation cost management in the aspects of project standardization, material intensification, quota and standardization perfection, and so on. Based on the practical problems of intelligent substation cost management, this paper puts forward a reasonable evaluation model of intelligent substation cost management, which is helpful to analyze the existing problems in intelligent substation cost management. It can effectively promote the reduction of investment cost and increase the economic benefit of enterprises. It is of great practical significance for the development and promotion of intelligent substation.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU723.3;TM63

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本文編號：2374231