【摘要】：筒倉(cāng)是我國(guó)目前廣泛使用的大型儲(chǔ)料倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)建筑,它具有節(jié)省空間,儲(chǔ)藏空間大,便于機(jī)械化操作等優(yōu)勢(shì)。近年來筒倉(cāng)倒塌,崩裂事故時(shí)有發(fā)生,引發(fā)人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。本文針對(duì)筒倉(cāng)散體儲(chǔ)料空間靜壓力問題,結(jié)合試驗(yàn),理論和數(shù)值模擬,進(jìn)行了以下研究并取得相應(yīng)結(jié)論:1)以河南小麥作為試驗(yàn)樣本,對(duì)其物理特性進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,測(cè)得試驗(yàn)用小麥的含水率,容重,比重,孔隙率等物理特性參數(shù)值,分析了小麥的含水率,容重,比重,孔隙率等之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系;通過分析小麥樣本的應(yīng)力—應(yīng)變關(guān)系,得出小麥內(nèi)摩擦角,外摩擦角,摩擦系數(shù)等,為筒倉(cāng)小麥儲(chǔ)料空間靜壓力問題的研究提供了相應(yīng)的計(jì)算參數(shù)。2)利用筒倉(cāng)模型,進(jìn)行了縮尺筒倉(cāng)散體儲(chǔ)料倉(cāng)底壓應(yīng)力試驗(yàn),測(cè)量了倉(cāng)底壓應(yīng)力大小,分布情況以及倉(cāng)壁側(cè)壓力和摩阻力的變化趨勢(shì);使用PFC3D模擬筒倉(cāng)內(nèi)散粒體對(duì)倉(cāng)底的壓力;將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)Coulomb公式,規(guī)范深倉(cāng)豎向壓力值,PFC3D模擬值比較分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)筒倉(cāng)內(nèi)散體儲(chǔ)料底部壓應(yīng)力隨堆載高度增加呈現(xiàn)非線性變化;倉(cāng)壁摩擦力與小麥堆載高度呈線性分布;將試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)與深倉(cāng)計(jì)算公式,Coulomb公式進(jìn)行比對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)測(cè)值介于規(guī)范公式與Coulomb公式區(qū)間內(nèi);PFC3D模擬值與試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)律一致且略大于試驗(yàn)值。3)利用筒倉(cāng)模型,進(jìn)行了縮尺筒倉(cāng)散體儲(chǔ)料倉(cāng)壁側(cè)壓力試驗(yàn),測(cè)量試驗(yàn)過程中倉(cāng)壁側(cè)壓力值,倉(cāng)底壓應(yīng)力,倉(cāng)壁摩阻力值及變化趨勢(shì),并將倉(cāng)壁側(cè)壓力與取不同k值的Janssen理論值比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)筒倉(cāng)內(nèi)散體儲(chǔ)料側(cè)壓力試驗(yàn)雖大于理論值,但與Jassen理論變化趨勢(shì)相同;PFC3D模擬值側(cè)壓力值與試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)、Jassen理論值規(guī)律一致,但在筒倉(cāng)不同高度趨近于不同k值的Janssen理論值;托盤下降過程中底部各環(huán)壓應(yīng)力值由中環(huán)向外變化幅度逐漸增大,但整體呈平穩(wěn)趨勢(shì);土壓力盒測(cè)量結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在與距料面距離中間范圍內(nèi)誤差較小。
[Abstract]:Silo is a large storage building widely used in our country at present. It has the advantages of saving space, large storage space and convenient mechanization operation. In recent years, silos collapse, crack accidents occur from time to time, causing casualties and economic losses. In this paper, according to the static pressure problem of silo bulk storage space, combined with experiment, theory and numerical simulation, the following research is carried out and the corresponding conclusions are obtained: 1) taking Henan wheat as test sample, the physical properties of wheat are studied experimentally. The physical parameters such as water content, bulk density, specific gravity and porosity of wheat were measured, and the correlation among water content, bulk density, specific gravity and porosity of wheat were analyzed. By analyzing the stress-strain relationship of wheat samples, the internal friction angle, external friction angle, friction coefficient and so on are obtained, which provide the corresponding calculation parameters for the study of the static pressure problem of silo wheat storage space. 2) the silo model is used. The pressure stress test on the bottom of the bulk silo was carried out, and the pressure stress and distribution of the silo bottom were measured, as well as the variation trend of the lateral pressure and friction resistance of the silo wall. PFC3D is used to simulate the pressure of granular particles on the bottom of silo. By comparing the test results with the traditional Coulomb formula, the vertical pressure values of the deep silo and the simulated values of PFC3D, it is found that the compressive stress at the bottom of the bulk material in the silo shows a nonlinear variation with the increase of the heap-load height. The friction of silo wall was linearly distributed with the height of heaped wheat, and the experimental data were compared with the formula of deep warehouse and Coulomb formula, and the measured values were found to be in the range between the standard formula and the Coulomb formula. The PFC3D simulation value is consistent with the test data and is slightly larger than the experimental data. 3) the sidewall pressure of the silo bulk storage silo is tested by the silos model, and the lateral pressure values of the silo wall and the pressure stress at the bottom of the silo are measured during the test. The friction resistance of silo wall and its variation trend are compared with the Janssen theoretical values of different k values. It is found that the lateral pressure test of bulk material storage in silo is larger than the theoretical value, but the trend is the same as that of Jassen theory. The lateral pressure value of PFC3D simulation value is consistent with the experimental data, the Jassen theory value is consistent, but the Janssen theory value of different height approaches to different k value in silo. The pressure stress of each ring at the bottom of the tray increases gradually from the ring to the outside, but the whole pressure box shows a steady trend, and the measurement results of the earth pressure box show that the error is small in the middle range of the distance from the surface to the material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S379.3;TU317

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