【摘要】：以玉樹7.1級(jí)地震中某底層遭到嚴(yán)重破壞的鋼筋混凝土(RC)框架結(jié)構(gòu)為原型,設(shè)計(jì)了1個(gè)1∶5縮尺的三維模型,通過模型的倒塌全過程振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn),研究了汶川、玉樹地震中高烈度地區(qū)RC框架結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的典型側(cè)向逐層呈多米諾骨牌式連續(xù)倒塌現(xiàn)象的全過程和倒塌破壞機(jī)制。試驗(yàn)中該模型結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌過程共分為兩個(gè)階段,即側(cè)向增量倒塌和豎向連續(xù)倒塌。當(dāng)?shù)讓訉娱g位移角達(dá)到1/19時(shí),試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ吞幱谂R近倒塌狀態(tài)。在倒塌過程中,底層角柱C3最先喪失豎向承載力,此時(shí)豎向倒塌開始發(fā)展,結(jié)構(gòu)在重力荷載及輸入地震動(dòng)的共同作用下,底層柱的水平側(cè)移持續(xù)增加,造成其相鄰的柱B2、B3、C2相繼失效,喪失豎向承載力,模型結(jié)構(gòu)的冗余度不足使結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生更大范圍的豎向倒塌,最終模型結(jié)構(gòu)呈側(cè)向逐層連續(xù)倒塌。通過對(duì)倒塌后廢墟的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)模型結(jié)構(gòu)呈"強(qiáng)梁弱柱"型破壞,其破壞模式與震害調(diào)查結(jié)果一致。最后,討論了此種廢墟下人員生存空間的問題,給出了防RC框架結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌的相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Based on the reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure which was severely damaged at the bottom of the Yushu earthquake with M = 7.1 as the prototype, a three dimensional model with a 1:5 scale was designed. The shaking table test of the whole process of the collapse of the model was carried out to study Wenchuan. The whole process and the collapse failure mechanism of the typical lateral collapse of RC frame structure in the high intensity and high intensity area of Yushu were characterized by domino continuous collapse. The collapse process of the model is divided into two stages: lateral incremental collapse and vertical continuous collapse. When the interstory displacement angle reaches 1 / 19, the experimental model is near collapse. In the process of collapse, the bottom corner column C3 loses the vertical bearing capacity first, and the vertical collapse begins to develop. The horizontal displacement of the bottom column increases continuously under the combined action of gravity load and input ground motion, resulting in the adjacent column B2B3. C _ 2 failure, loss of vertical bearing capacity, lack of redundancy of the model structure caused a larger scale of vertical collapse of the structure, and finally the model structure continuously collapsed layer by layer. Through the study of the ruins after the collapse, it is found that the model structure is of "strong beam and weak column" failure, and its failure mode is consistent with the results of earthquake damage investigation. Finally, the problem of the living space under the ruins is discussed, and the relevant suggestions to prevent the collapse of the RC frame structure are given.
【作者單位】： 中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所;中國地震局地震工程與工程振動(dòng)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(2016B04,2016A05) 國家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項(xiàng)目(51408563)
【分類號(hào)】：TU375.4

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