【摘要】：研究人在城市中的居住活動的空間分布及其演變特征,有助于科學(xué)理性規(guī)劃城市。采用上海市第三、四、五、六等4次人口普查數(shù)據(jù),首先計算不同圈層的居住人口總量及其人口密度,并全過程地分析3個10年期的演變特征和趨勢,發(fā)現(xiàn)在不同的城市空間層次,人口變化存在明顯差異:在1980—1990年間增長的人口主要分布在核心區(qū),在1990—2010年間增長的人口主要集中在邊緣區(qū)和外圍區(qū),核心區(qū)的人口外遷而呈持續(xù)下降態(tài)勢,在1990—2000年間邊緣區(qū)人口增長快于外圍區(qū),但在2000—2010年間,外圍區(qū)的人口總量增長幅度快于邊緣區(qū)。其后,針對持續(xù)擴(kuò)大的中心城區(qū)的人口密度分布及其變化,采用負(fù)指數(shù)函數(shù)模擬其分布曲線,發(fā)現(xiàn)在1990年代以來,體現(xiàn)距離衰減速率的參數(shù)b值持續(xù)在下降且速度較快,人口密度曲線持續(xù)趨于平緩,這潛在地說明居民克服空間阻力的能力在增強(qiáng)。最后,對上海城市居住活動在過去30年間的集聚和擴(kuò)散所表現(xiàn)的規(guī)律性及其內(nèi)在機(jī)制進(jìn)行了討論。
[Abstract]:It is helpful to scientifically and rationally plan the city by studying the spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of people's living activities in cities. Based on the data of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth censuses of Shanghai, the total resident population and its population density of different circles are calculated, and the evolution characteristics and trends of the three 10-year periods are analyzed. It is found that there are significant differences in population changes among different urban spatial levels: the population growth in 1980-1990 is mainly distributed in the core areas, and the population growth in 1990-2010 is mainly concentrated in marginal and peripheral areas. From 1990 to 2000, the population of the marginal region increased faster than that of the peripheral region, but the total population growth rate of the peripheral area was faster than that of the marginal region from 2000 to 2010. Then, in view of the population density distribution and its variation in the continuously expanding central city, the distribution curve is simulated by negative exponential function. It is found that the parameter b, which reflects the rate of distance attenuation, has been decreasing continuously since the 1990s and the speed is relatively fast. The population density curve continues to flatten, which potentially indicates that residents' ability to overcome spatial resistance is increasing. Finally, the regularity and internal mechanism of agglomeration and diffusion of urban residential activities in Shanghai in the past 30 years are discussed.
【作者單位】： 上海市城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計研究院發(fā)展研究中心;
【分類號】：TU981;C922

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