【摘要】：對(duì)于我國(guó)特大城市基礎(chǔ)教育資源空間配置不均問題,需要從社會(huì)空間角度探索中小學(xué)服務(wù)分布特征,尋求基于"質(zhì)"的干預(yù)措施。以北京市為例,采用因子分析對(duì)2010年街道人口普查數(shù)據(jù)降維,并利用2011年中小學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建了街道中小學(xué)服務(wù)指標(biāo),包括就學(xué)率、可達(dá)性、前重點(diǎn)學(xué)校比例、公辦學(xué)校比例、平均師生比、生均用地和建筑面積,探索其與社會(huì)空間分異因子得分之間的相關(guān)性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)兩組有意義的關(guān)系:一是"職業(yè)—住房"因子得分與重點(diǎn)中小學(xué)比例和中學(xué)可達(dá)性正相關(guān);二是"外來—本地人口"因子得分的與中小學(xué)就學(xué)率和公辦中學(xué)比例負(fù)相關(guān)。通過對(duì)主因子得分分布與中小學(xué)服務(wù)質(zhì)量的GIS可視化對(duì)比,可見兩組關(guān)系呈現(xiàn)明顯的"中心—邊緣"格局。討論了研究結(jié)果對(duì)相關(guān)規(guī)劃和政策的啟示。
[Abstract]:With regard to the problem of uneven spatial allocation of basic education resources in China's megacities, it is necessary to explore the distribution characteristics of primary and secondary school services from the perspective of social space and to seek intervention measures based on "quality". Taking Beijing as an example, using factor analysis to reduce the dimension of the data of the 2010 street census, and using the data of primary and secondary schools in 2011 to construct the service index of street primary and secondary schools, including the school attendance rate, accessibility, the proportion of former key schools, the proportion of public schools, etc. The average teacher-student ratio, the average land use and the building area, and the correlation between the average teacher-student ratio and the score of social spatial differentiation factor were explored. The study found two groups of meaningful relations: first, "occupation-housing" factor score and key primary and secondary school proportion and secondary school accessibility positive correlation; Second, the factor score of "foreign-local population" is negatively correlated with the enrolment rate of primary and secondary schools and the proportion of public secondary schools. By comparing the main factor score distribution with the GIS visualization of the quality of service in primary and secondary schools, we can see that the relationship between the two groups shows a "center-edge" pattern. The implications of the research results for related planning and policies are discussed.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院;清華大學(xué)生態(tài)規(guī)劃與綠色建筑教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;北京清華同衡規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金課題(基于城鄉(xiāng)人口變化的中小學(xué)布局優(yōu)化模型及政策路徑研究,14BGL149)
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.14
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本文編號(hào)：2296399