【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制算法通常需要精確的數(shù)學(xué)模型參數(shù)。土木工程結(jié)構(gòu)包括受力的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件和不受力的非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件,所以建模時(shí)難以得到模型的真實(shí)參數(shù),結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)過(guò)程的剛度、質(zhì)量的變化也會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)算結(jié)果有影響。因此,研究不依賴于精確計(jì)算模型、調(diào)節(jié)簡(jiǎn)單的模糊控制是結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制發(fā)展的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)控制系統(tǒng)采用的集中控制模式是單點(diǎn)的,一個(gè)控制器的故障會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)的失效。分散控制是將被控結(jié)構(gòu)被劃分成一系列子系統(tǒng),每一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)使用局部信息獨(dú)立地控制,提高了控制系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。本文針對(duì)建筑模型在地震作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制問(wèn)題,引入了模糊控制算法以及分散控制策略,使用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行編程和計(jì)算,主要研究了以下幾個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容:1、對(duì)模糊邏輯控制算法、分散控制策略和線性二次型(LQR)重疊分散控制算法進(jìn)行了理論分析。2、針對(duì)地震激勵(lì)下高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)半主動(dòng)控制問(wèn)題,引入模糊邏輯控制理論,解決了傳統(tǒng)控制算法需要精確的力學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)模型的復(fù)雜性問(wèn)題。對(duì)20層Benchmark模型設(shè)計(jì)了模糊控制器,MR阻尼器采用層間驅(qū)動(dòng)的方式,考慮了MR阻尼器的只能輸出阻止結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)的控制力特性。仿真結(jié)果表明模糊控制可以有效控制地震作用下高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的層間位移。3、針對(duì)地震激勵(lì)下高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)集中控制策略容易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,同時(shí)引入分散控制策略和模糊控制理論,對(duì)20層Benchmark模型設(shè)計(jì)了模糊分散控制器,作動(dòng)器采用直接驅(qū)動(dòng)的方式,仿真結(jié)果表明模糊分散控制可以實(shí)現(xiàn)與LQR分散控制較為接近的控制效果。同時(shí)驗(yàn)證了模糊分散控制具有結(jié)構(gòu)剛度變化時(shí)的魯棒性以及傳感器失效時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性。4、針對(duì)地震激勵(lì)下多層建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制問(wèn)題,對(duì)某6層剪切型框架模型,采用層間驅(qū)動(dòng)以及直接驅(qū)動(dòng)兩種MR阻尼器的安置方式,分別設(shè)計(jì)了地震作用下多層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)的模糊控制器。仿真結(jié)果表明當(dāng)MR阻尼器采用層間驅(qū)動(dòng)方式時(shí),模糊控制的位移控制效果良好,但加速度控制效果較差。當(dāng)MR阻尼器采用支撐于大地的直接驅(qū)動(dòng)方式時(shí),仿真結(jié)果表明其位移和加速度的控制效果均良好。同時(shí)比較了開(kāi)環(huán)、閉環(huán)以及開(kāi)閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)的控制效果。本文的研究結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)MR阻尼器采用層間驅(qū)動(dòng)方式時(shí),模糊控制在位移的控制上與LQR控制具有類(lèi)似的控制效果,加速度的控制效果較差;當(dāng)作動(dòng)器采用直接驅(qū)動(dòng)方式時(shí),模糊分散控制與LQR分散控制在位移和加速度的控制效果上都比較接近。模糊分散控制不依賴于精確的力學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)模型,且克服了集中控制容易失效的問(wèn)題,同時(shí)具有良好的魯棒性和穩(wěn)定性,更具現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Traditional structural vibration control algorithms usually require precise mathematical model parameters. Civil engineering structures include structural members and non-structural members, so it is difficult to obtain the real parameters of the model when modeling. The stiffness and mass of the structure vibration process will also affect the settlement results. Therefore, the research on simple fuzzy control is a hot issue in the development of structural vibration control. The centralized control mode used in the traditional structural control system is single point, and the failure of one controller will lead to the failure of the whole control system. Decentralized control is to divide the controlled structure into a series of subsystems, each subsystem using local information independent control, improve the stability of the control system. In this paper, a fuzzy control algorithm and a decentralized control strategy are introduced to control the structural vibration of a building model under earthquake, and the software MATLAB is used to program and calculate the structure vibration. The main contents are as follows: 1. The fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm are analyzed theoretically. 2, aiming at the vibration semi-active control problem of tall building structure under earthquake excitation, the paper analyzes the theory of the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the decentralized control strategy and the linear quadratic (LQR) overlapping decentralized control algorithm. The fuzzy logic control theory is introduced to solve the complexity problem of the traditional control algorithm which needs accurate mechanical mathematical model. A fuzzy controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model. The MR damper is driven between layers, and the control force characteristics of the MR damper can only output to prevent the structure from moving. The simulation results show that fuzzy control can effectively control the interstory displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. 3. Aiming at the problems of centralized control strategy of high-rise building structure under earthquake excitation, the fuzzy control can effectively control the displacement of high-rise building structure under earthquake. At the same time, by introducing the decentralized control strategy and fuzzy control theory, a fuzzy decentralized controller is designed for the 20-layer Benchmark model, and the actuator is driven directly. The simulation results show that fuzzy decentralized control can achieve a control effect close to that of LQR decentralized control. At the same time, the robustness of fuzzy decentralized control with structural stiffness change and the stability of sensor failure are verified. 4. Aiming at the vibration control problem of multi-story building under earthquake excitation, a 6-story shear frame model is studied. The fuzzy controller for vibration of multi-story building structure under earthquake action is designed by adopting two kinds of MR dampers with interlayer driving and direct driving respectively. The simulation results show that the displacement control effect of fuzzy control is good but the acceleration control effect is poor when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode. The simulation results show that the control effect of displacement and acceleration is good when the MR damper adopts the direct driving mode supported on the earth. At the same time, the control effect of open loop, closed loop and open closed loop system is compared. The results show that: when the MR damper adopts the interlayer drive mode, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control in the displacement control, and the acceleration control effect is poor, and when the direct drive mode is used as the actuator, the fuzzy control has a similar control effect to the LQR control. The effect of fuzzy decentralized control and LQR decentralized control on displacement and acceleration is close. Fuzzy decentralized control does not depend on accurate mathematical model of mechanics and overcomes the problem that centralized control is prone to failure. At the same time it has good robustness and stability and has more practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU311.3

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