【摘要】：BIM技術(shù)在建筑業(yè)的廣泛應(yīng)用,覆蓋了從建筑工程項(xiàng)目的前期規(guī)劃到設(shè)計(jì)、施工到竣工后的運(yùn)營、維修等各個階段,即覆蓋整個項(xiàng)目的全生命周期,目前有部分學(xué)者對BIM應(yīng)用于施工過程中的安全管理進(jìn)行了不同角度和深度的研究。分析我國近十年的建筑安全事故,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)高處墜落是建筑工程施工過程中的多發(fā)事故,臨邊及洞口是高處墜落事故的多發(fā)部位,當(dāng)前對臨邊及洞口高處墜落事故的發(fā)生展開風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制已經(jīng)成為了大多數(shù)建筑施工企業(yè)需要解決的重點(diǎn)問題之一。在《中華人民共和國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十三個五年規(guī)劃綱要》中,特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了安全生產(chǎn)與信息化發(fā)展這兩個要點(diǎn),順應(yīng)國家發(fā)展與社會進(jìn)步的需要,所以本課題的研究正是將安全生產(chǎn)與信息化發(fā)展的綱領(lǐng)要求進(jìn)行了整合。因此,本文的研究重點(diǎn)是對臨邊及洞口施工中的高處墜落事故進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制。本文以某建筑工程項(xiàng)目中的臨邊及洞口為研究對象,介紹了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的原理與方法,以及三種常用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價方法,利用FTA分析法對臨邊及洞口施工的高處墜落事故進(jìn)行了深度剖析,找出了導(dǎo)致事故發(fā)生的24種因素,提出了通過防止隨重物墜落、防止作業(yè)時用力過猛、系好安全帶、確保不會取下安全帶走動這4種形式,在一定程度上可以控制臨邊及洞口高處墜落事故的發(fā)生。在使用傳統(tǒng)分析方法的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合新技術(shù),能夠從一個全新的角度來分析風(fēng)險(xiǎn),進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制。所以,本文就提出了運(yùn)用BIM技術(shù)來探討對臨邊及洞口施工高處墜落事故的發(fā)生進(jìn)行高效控制。借助BIM技術(shù),針對臨邊及洞口進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)辨識與分析,構(gòu)件了基于BIM的建筑工程臨邊及洞口施工的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)由風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識別、信息存儲、標(biāo)簽定義、讀寫器布設(shè)、定位跟蹤五部分組成。通過構(gòu)建基于BIM的建筑工程臨邊及洞口施工的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制系統(tǒng),來解決施工現(xiàn)場臨邊及洞口、人員在模型終端中的實(shí)時定位和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警,探討了對現(xiàn)場臨邊及洞口施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行信息化、可視化、自動化高效控制的可能性。因此,BIM技術(shù)在建筑工程項(xiàng)目臨邊及洞口施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制中的應(yīng)用,可以為臨邊及洞口的安全管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制提供更多的研究思路、解決方法和技術(shù)支持,從而來提高整個項(xiàng)目的安全管理水平。
[Abstract]:BIM technology is widely used in the construction industry, covering the whole life cycle of the whole project, from the early planning to the design of the construction project, from the construction to the operation and maintenance after completion, etc. At present, some scholars have carried on the different angle and the depth research to the BIM application in the construction process safety management. By analyzing the building safety accidents in recent ten years in our country, it can be found that high fall is the frequent accident in the construction process of building engineering, and the adjacent side and the entrance of the cave are the frequent parts of the high fall accident. At present, the risk control of the falling accidents at the edge and the hole has become one of the key problems that most construction enterprises need to solve. In the outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the people's Republic of China, particular emphasis was placed on the two key points of production safety and information development, in keeping with the needs of national development and social progress, Therefore, the research of this topic is to integrate the requirements of safety production and information development program. Therefore, the research emphasis of this paper is to analyze and control the risk of high fall accidents in the construction of adjacent sides and openings. In this paper, the principle and method of risk analysis and three common risk assessment methods are introduced. In this paper, FTA analysis method is used to analyze the depth of high fall accidents in the construction of adjacent sides and openings, and 24 factors leading to the accidents are found out. It is put forward that the seatbelt should be fastened by preventing heavy objects from falling with heavy objects, preventing excessive force in operation, and fastening seat belts. To make sure that the safety belt is not removed and the four forms of walking can be controlled to a certain extent, the accident of falling near the edge of the tunnel and the height of the hole can be controlled. Based on the traditional analysis method and the new technology, we can analyze the risk and control the risk from a new angle. Therefore, this paper puts forward the application of BIM technology to discuss how to control the accidents of falling on the edge of the tunnel and the entrance of the tunnel. With the help of BIM technology, the risk control system for the construction of the adjacent edge and the opening of the building project based on BIM is proposed. The system is composed of risk identification, information storage, label definition, reader layout, and so on. Positioning and tracking is composed of five parts. By constructing the risk control system for the construction of the adjacent edge and the opening of the construction project based on BIM, the real-time positioning and risk warning of the personnel in the terminal of the model can be solved by solving the problem of the adjacent edge and the opening of the tunnel on the construction site. This paper discusses the possibility of information visualization and automatic and efficient control of the construction risk at the site and the entrance of the tunnel. Therefore, the application of BIM technology in the construction risk control of adjacent and portal construction projects can provide more research ideas, solutions and technical support for the safety management and risk control of adjacent sides and openings. In order to improve the safety management level of the whole project.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU71;TU17

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