發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-05 19:11

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)綠地是城鎮(zhèn)生態(tài)環(huán)境形成的基本要素,是維護(hù)城鎮(zhèn)居民身心健康的基本保障,也是城鎮(zhèn)生態(tài)安全的基本保障。良好的城鎮(zhèn)生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的維持以及城鎮(zhèn)的綠色發(fā)展依賴于科學(xué)性的城鎮(zhèn)綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。本文以嘉魚縣2015年航空遙感影像為主要數(shù)據(jù)源,應(yīng)用ENVI4.7和ArcGIS10.2軟件,并結(jié)合外業(yè)調(diào)查收集到的嘉魚縣的綠地現(xiàn)狀資料,建立了嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)的綠地景觀類型數(shù)據(jù)庫�；谝呀⒌募昔~縣中心城區(qū)的綠地景觀類型數(shù)據(jù)庫,運(yùn)用Fragstats4.2軟件,選擇適宜嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)的綠地景觀格局的指數(shù)并進(jìn)行計(jì)算,分析其綠地景觀格局。通過分析現(xiàn)狀綠地節(jié)點(diǎn)和廊道,結(jié)合規(guī)劃,明確生態(tài)節(jié)點(diǎn)和生態(tài)廊道,提出適合嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)的綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)案,并采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析法中對優(yōu)化前后的綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行對比分析,從宏觀景觀尺度對研究區(qū)綠地景觀建設(shè)及生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建進(jìn)行評價(jià)和提供建議。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)的綠地主要由公園綠地、居住區(qū)綠地、公共建設(shè)綠地、道路綠地、生產(chǎn)綠地、防護(hù)綠地、其他綠地七種類型組成。其中,公園綠地面積最小,其他綠地面積最大;生產(chǎn)綠地和其他綠地的斑塊數(shù)量占研究區(qū)綠地斑塊總數(shù)的比重較大。研究區(qū)綠地按斑塊面積分為小型斑塊(≤0.05hm2)、中型斑塊(0.05～0.3hm2)、中大型斑塊(0.3～1hm2)和大型斑塊("g1hm2)四個(gè)等級。其中,中大型和大型斑塊對嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)的綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)影響顯著,綠地景觀斑塊組成還比較合理,不是太過于破碎。(2)研究區(qū)其他綠地和生產(chǎn)綠地斑塊破碎化程度較輕,而居住區(qū)綠地面積小,道路綠地斑塊數(shù)量多且分布零散,斑塊破碎化程度較高;各綠地景觀類型分布不均勻,且多樣性程度不夠高,對綠地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響差異顯著;研究區(qū)各綠地景觀類型間存在正的空間自相關(guān)關(guān)系,在空間上呈集聚分布;研究區(qū)綠地景觀的連續(xù)性較好,各綠地景觀類型的聚集度都較高。(3)嘉魚縣中心城區(qū)現(xiàn)狀綠地網(wǎng)絡(luò)通過確定生態(tài)節(jié)點(diǎn)和構(gòu)建潛在生態(tài)廊道,提出研究區(qū)綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)案,并且用α指數(shù)、β指數(shù)、γ指數(shù)等諸多指標(biāo)來保證綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)案進(jìn)行,表明規(guī)劃后的綠地生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)各節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的連接度好,網(wǎng)絡(luò)回路將更多,結(jié)構(gòu)較為完善,在發(fā)揮線型生境功能并為物種提供生境等諸多方面具有極大的優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Urban green space is the basic element of the formation of urban ecological environment, the basic guarantee of maintaining the physical and mental health of urban residents, and the basic guarantee of urban ecological security. The good urban ecological environment quality maintenance and the town green development depend on the scientific urban green space ecological network. In this paper, the aerial remote sensing image of Jiayu County in 2015 is taken as the main data source, and the database of green space landscape type in Jiayu County is established by using ENVI4.7 and ArcGIS10.2 software and combining with the present situation of green space in Jiayu County collected by field investigation. Based on the established database of green space landscape types in Jiayu county central city, the index of green space landscape pattern suitable for Jiayu county central city was selected and calculated by using Fragstats4.2 software, and the green space landscape pattern was analyzed. By analyzing the present situation of green space node and corridor, combined with the planning, the ecological node and ecological corridor are defined, and the green space ecological network plan suitable for Jiayu county central urban area is put forward. The green land ecological network before and after optimization was compared and analyzed by network analysis method, and the green space landscape construction and ecological network construction in the study area were evaluated and suggestions were provided from the macroscopic landscape scale. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the green space in Jiayu County is mainly composed of seven types: park green, residential green space, public construction green space, road green space, production green space, protected green space and other green space. Among them, the park green space area is the smallest, the other green space area is the largest, and the number of the production green space and other green space patches accounts for a large proportion of the total green patches in the study area. According to patch area, greenbelt was divided into four grades: small patch (鈮，

本文編號：2225208