【摘要】：近些年,城市快速發(fā)展,導(dǎo)致了城市下墊面不透水面積不斷增加,城市地表徑流量不斷增長,入滲減少,加之城市排水系統(tǒng)缺乏科學(xué)的規(guī)劃,從而導(dǎo)致城市內(nèi)澇頻發(fā),嚴重影響到我國城市的正常運行。因此國家提出了建設(shè)自然積存,自然滲透,自然凈化的“海綿城市”的構(gòu)想。海綿城市能夠有效地控制75%左右的地表徑流量,但是其余的降水依然需要通過城市排水管網(wǎng)排除,城市排水管網(wǎng)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計如何與我們的海綿城市建設(shè)更好地融合在一起,因地制宜的對城市的排水系統(tǒng)進行合理的優(yōu)化設(shè)計,使得我們的城市排水系統(tǒng)能夠在海綿城市理念下更好地發(fā)揮作用,這是“海綿城市”建設(shè)中容易忽略的一個方向,也是本文主要的研究內(nèi)容。本文主要的研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)雨洪模型中的各項參數(shù),首先通過經(jīng)驗值和現(xiàn)場實驗確定初值,最后根據(jù)模型模擬數(shù)據(jù)和實際現(xiàn)場測量數(shù)據(jù)進行對比,不斷對模型參數(shù)進行調(diào)試與修改,最終實現(xiàn)模型的適用性與可靠性;(2)在對城市進行低影響開發(fā)時,需要確定年徑流總量控制率的控制目標,但是城市各個地段開發(fā)程度不一,因此需要根據(jù)實地勘察,確定不同地塊的建筑密度,開發(fā)程度,根據(jù)實際情況確定各個地塊的控制目標;(3)LID開發(fā)后,研究區(qū)域內(nèi)的徑流控制率由40%增加到了目標值75%,地表徑流削減率達到了79%,城市積水點的個數(shù)由130個減少到了9個,最長積水時間由6個小時減少到1個小時,積水量由5萬立方米減少到200立方米。結(jié)果表明:低影響開發(fā)技術(shù)不僅對降雨地表徑流具有削減作用,還具有滯留作用。(4)在海綿城市建設(shè)過程中,由于個別地塊原始開發(fā)程度過高,難以實現(xiàn)較大規(guī)模的低影響開發(fā),導(dǎo)致了LID開發(fā)后,仍有部分地塊積水,需要通過對排水管網(wǎng)進行優(yōu)化,以滿足排水要求,將LID措施與排水管網(wǎng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計相銜接,共同起到防澇排水的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of the city has led to the continuous increase of the impervious area of the underlying surface of the city, the continuous growth of the urban surface runoff, the decrease of infiltration, and the lack of scientific planning of the urban drainage system, which leads to the frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging. Seriously affect the normal operation of cities in China. Therefore, the country has put forward the concept of "sponge city", which is natural accumulation, natural permeation and natural purification. Sponge cities can effectively control about 75 percent of surface runoff, but the rest of the precipitation still needs to be eliminated through urban drainage networks. How to better integrate the planning and design of urban drainage networks with the construction of our sponge cities, According to the local conditions, the drainage system of the city can be optimized reasonably, so that the drainage system of our city can play a better role in the concept of sponge city, which is a direction that is easy to ignore in the construction of "sponge city". It is also the main research content of this paper. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the parameters in the rain flood model are determined by the experience value and the field experiment. Finally, the model simulation data and the actual field measurement data are compared. The model parameters are constantly adjusted and modified to realize the applicability and reliability of the model. (2) in the low-impact development of the city, it is necessary to determine the control target of the total annual runoff control rate, but the degree of development varies in different parts of the city. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the building density and development degree of different plots according to the field survey, and to determine the control objectives of each plot according to the actual situation. (3) after the development of LID, The runoff control rate in the study area has increased from 40% to the target value of 75%, the surface runoff reduction rate has reached 79%, the number of urban water points has been reduced from 130 to 9, and the longest water accumulation time has been reduced from 6 hours to 1 hour. The amount of water accumulated was reduced from 50,000 cubic meters to 200 cubic meters. The results show that the low impact development technology can not only reduce rainfall runoff, but also retain it. (4) in the process of sponge city construction, it is difficult to realize large scale low impact development due to the high degree of original development of individual plots. As a result of the development of LID, there are still some plots of stagnant water. It is necessary to optimize the drainage network to meet the drainage requirements, to link the LID measures with the optimal design of the drainage pipe network, and to play the role of waterlogging prevention and drainage together.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU992

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