【摘要】：城市中大面積的地表硬化是城市化的特征之一,不透水鋪裝改變了土壤、植被和滲透層對水的天然循環(huán)屬性,導(dǎo)致了熱島效應(yīng)及洪澇災(zāi)害等一系列負(fù)面問題。近年來。城市建設(shè)已經(jīng)意識到過度硬化產(chǎn)生的危害,逐步轉(zhuǎn)向一種全新的,具有環(huán)保、生態(tài)和水資源保護(hù)功能的地面鋪設(shè)——透水鋪裝。這不僅成為城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展的必要措施,也是海綿城市建設(shè)的重要課題之一,但是現(xiàn)有的透水磚并不能完全達(dá)到國家使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn),雖然具有初步的透水模式,但是長時(shí)間使用就會由于強(qiáng)度不夠而產(chǎn)生大規(guī)模的劈裂、磨損,其破壞程度很高、而且大規(guī)模使用透水磚的成本很高,極大的影響了透水磚在海綿城市中的推廣使用。故本文針對如何提高透水磚鋪裝的使用率作為本設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)。本文首先對透水鋪裝系統(tǒng)的使用情況進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前針對硬質(zhì)地面處理的透水磚鋪裝方式存在的一些問題,透水磚本身的成型方式使其強(qiáng)度始終不能與硬質(zhì)鋪裝相比,導(dǎo)致透水磚在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)會產(chǎn)生大面積的碎裂。其次一些利用結(jié)構(gòu)透水的磚體因?yàn)槠淇p隙過大,會在長時(shí)間使用之后孔隙堵塞,清理維護(hù)十分困難。這些問題都大大降低了透水鋪裝對海綿城市的滲透性作用,本文圍繞上訴問題設(shè)計(jì)了一種以高強(qiáng)度的不透水磚體(大磚)包圍透水磚(小磚)的組合方式,利用小磚作為滲水點(diǎn),在鋪設(shè)地面上規(guī)則排列,來解決目前硬質(zhì)鋪裝不透水與透水路面強(qiáng)度不夠,易堵塞等問題。并根據(jù)這種包圍式原理設(shè)計(jì)了不同的鋪裝樣式,在形式上解決透水鋪裝的單一樣式問題。利用這種包圍式的磚體設(shè)計(jì)提高了透水磚的強(qiáng)度、延長使用壽命、避免了后期維護(hù)的復(fù)雜性,也豐富了鋪裝的多樣性,減輕了城市建設(shè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān),提高透水磚在海綿城市中的利用率。
[Abstract]:Surface hardening is one of the characteristics of urbanization in cities. Impermeable paving changes the natural circulation of soil, vegetation and permeable layer to water, resulting in a series of negative problems such as heat island effect and flood disaster. In recent years Urban construction has realized the harm caused by excessive hardening and gradually turned to a completely new surface-permeable pavement with the functions of environmental protection, ecology and water resources protection. This is not only a necessary measure for the development of cities and towns, but also an important subject in the construction of sponge cities. However, the existing permeable bricks do not fully meet the national standards for use, although they have a preliminary permeable model. However, because of insufficient strength, large-scale splitting, wear and tear will occur for long time, and the cost of large-scale use of permeable brick is very high, which greatly affects the popularization and use of permeable brick in sponge city. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to improve the utilization rate of permeable brick pavement. In this paper, the application of permeable paving system is analyzed, and it is found that the strength of permeable brick can not be compared with that of hard pavement because of the existing problems in the way of permeable brick pavement. This will lead to large area fragmentation of permeable brick in practical application. Secondly, some brick bodies which make use of the structure permeate water will be blocked by pores after a long period of use because the cracks are too large, so it is very difficult to clean up and maintain the brick body. These problems greatly reduce the permeability of permeable paving to sponge city. This paper designs a combination of high strength impermeable brick (big brick) surrounding permeable brick (small brick) around the appeal problem. In order to solve the problems of impermeable and impermeable pavement, such as low strength and easy clogging, the small brick is used as seepage point and regular arrangement on laying ground. According to this principle, different pavement styles are designed to solve the problem of single style of permeable pavement in form. The use of this enclosing brick design improves the strength of the permeable brick, prolongs its service life, avoids the complexity of later maintenance, enriches the variety of pavement, and reduces the economic burden of urban construction. Improve the utilization ratio of permeable brick in sponge city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU992;U416.2

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