發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 21:27

【摘要】：深海海域風(fēng)能資源較近海區(qū)域豐富,而傳統(tǒng)近海固定式風(fēng)機(jī)只能適用于近海淺水區(qū)域,無法向更深海域發(fā)展,因此海上浮式風(fēng)機(jī)的出現(xiàn)為深海風(fēng)力發(fā)電提供了可能。海上浮式風(fēng)機(jī)與海洋平臺(tái)的不同之處在于浮式風(fēng)機(jī)在正常發(fā)電情況下還會(huì)受到風(fēng)輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的風(fēng)機(jī)載荷的作用。在整個(gè)服役期間波浪載荷及風(fēng)機(jī)載荷等引起的交變應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù)較高,極易引發(fā)浮式基礎(chǔ)疲勞損傷,而以往對風(fēng)機(jī)浮式基礎(chǔ)疲勞壽命的研究常常忽略或簡化風(fēng)機(jī)載荷,與實(shí)際情況并不相符,因此開展考慮動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)機(jī)載荷和波浪載荷等外載荷共同作用下的浮式基礎(chǔ)疲勞壽命研究,對更好的評估海上浮式風(fēng)機(jī)疲勞壽命具有重要意義。本文以某三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)為研究對象,首先開展了極端環(huán)境下風(fēng)機(jī)浮式基礎(chǔ)總體強(qiáng)度研究;然后建立三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)多體動(dòng)力學(xué)模型對風(fēng)機(jī)整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了共振分析,并計(jì)算風(fēng)機(jī)載荷;在此基礎(chǔ)上開展動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)機(jī)載荷和波浪載荷等外載荷聯(lián)合作用下的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)分析,得到風(fēng)機(jī)浮式基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)力時(shí)間歷程曲線;最后編制雨流計(jì)數(shù)程序,并對浮式基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行疲勞壽命分析。本文的主要研究工作及結(jié)論如下:(1)基于長期預(yù)報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)波法,開展了極端環(huán)境下風(fēng)機(jī)浮式基礎(chǔ)總體強(qiáng)度研究,并進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核。結(jié)果表明:三浮筒式基礎(chǔ)在極端環(huán)境下的總體強(qiáng)度滿足要求。(2)建立三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)多體動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,采用模態(tài)分析法對三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了共振分析,并計(jì)算了正常發(fā)電情況下風(fēng)機(jī)受到的動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)機(jī)載荷。結(jié)果表明:三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)固有頻率有效避開了風(fēng)輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)頻率,不會(huì)發(fā)生共振;計(jì)算所得動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)機(jī)載荷為后續(xù)瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)分析提供了基礎(chǔ)。(3)采用動(dòng)力學(xué)瞬態(tài)分析完全法進(jìn)行風(fēng)機(jī)載荷、波浪載荷、風(fēng)載荷和流載荷共同作用下的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)分析,得到浮式基礎(chǔ)隨時(shí)間變化的應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變等。結(jié)果表明:不同時(shí)刻下結(jié)構(gòu)的最大應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)位置不同,但高應(yīng)力區(qū)域均出現(xiàn)在撐桿與下部浮筒連接處。(4)基于三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)分析得到的應(yīng)力時(shí)間歷程曲線,編制雨流計(jì)數(shù)程序進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù),結(jié)合S-N曲線和線性疲勞累積損傷理論計(jì)算各熱點(diǎn)處的疲勞壽命。結(jié)果表明:在動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)機(jī)載荷、波浪載荷、風(fēng)載荷和流載荷共同作用下,三浮筒式風(fēng)機(jī)基礎(chǔ)各熱點(diǎn)處的疲勞損傷值均滿足相關(guān)要求。
[Abstract]:The resources of wind energy in deep sea area are more abundant than that in offshore area, but the traditional offshore fixed fan can only be used in shallow water area and can not be developed to the deeper sea area, so the emergence of floating fan in the sea provides the possibility for deep sea wind power generation. The difference between the floating fan and the offshore platform is that the floating fan is also affected by the fan load caused by the rotation of the wind wheel in the normal power generation. During the whole service period, wave load and fan load cause high frequency of alternating stress cycle, which can easily lead to fatigue damage of floating foundation. However, previous researches on fatigue life of fan floating foundation often ignore or simplify fan load. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fatigue life of floating foundation considering the external loads such as dynamic fan load and wave load in order to better evaluate the fatigue life of offshore floating fan. Taking the foundation of a three-buoy fan as the research object, this paper firstly studies the overall strength of the floating foundation of the fan in extreme environment, and then establishes a multi-body dynamic model of the three-buoy fan to carry out resonance analysis on the overall structure of the fan. On this basis, the transient response analysis under the combined action of dynamic fan load and wave load is carried out, and the stress time history curve of fan floating foundation is obtained. Finally, a rain flow counting program is compiled. The fatigue life of floating foundation is analyzed. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the design wave method of long term prediction, the overall strength of floating foundation of fan in extreme environment is studied, and the strength is checked. The results show that the overall strength of the three-buoy foundation meets the requirements in extreme environment. (2) the multi-body dynamic model of the three-buoy fan is established, and the resonance analysis of the overall structure of the three-buoy fan is carried out by using modal analysis method. The dynamic load of fan under normal power generation is calculated. The results show that the natural frequency of the three-buoy fan effectively avoids the rotating frequency of the wind wheel and does not resonate. The calculated dynamic fan load provides the basis for the subsequent transient response analysis. (3) the transient response analysis of fan load, wave load, wind load and current load is carried out by using the complete dynamic transient analysis method. The stress and strain of floating foundation with time are obtained. The results show that the position of the maximum stress of the structure is different at different times, but the high stress region appears at the connection between the brace and the lower buoy. (4) based on the transient response analysis of the foundation of the three-buoy fan, the stress time history curve is obtained. The rain flow counting program is compiled to calculate the fatigue life of hot spots by combining S-N curve and linear fatigue cumulative damage theory. The results show that under the combined action of dynamic fan load, wave load, wind load and current load, the fatigue damage values of each hot spot in the foundation of the three-buoy fan can meet the relevant requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU476;TM614

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