本文選題：采煤沉陷區(qū) + 抗變形　； 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著礦產(chǎn)資源的大量開采,地表沉陷區(qū)越來越多,建筑用地的急劇減少使得地表沉陷區(qū)的建筑復(fù)墾再利用變得非常重要。由于沉陷區(qū)地表存在殘余變形,所以既要保證地基的穩(wěn)定性,又要求建筑物有足夠強的抗變形能力。因此,研究老沉陷區(qū)的建筑復(fù)墾,對沉陷區(qū)的再利用具有非常重要的理論意義和實際工程應(yīng)用價值。撫順市老虎臺礦屬巨厚煤層,開采至今100多年,其采空區(qū)上方形成一個近三十平方公里的沉陷盆地。結(jié)合老虎臺礦實際開采情況,根據(jù)工程地質(zhì)資料以及工程實踐,利用上部結(jié)構(gòu)與基礎(chǔ)及地基共同作用屬性,應(yīng)用理論與實際工程相結(jié)合方法對沉陷區(qū)中新建筑工程建設(shè)的可行性與安全措施進行了系統(tǒng)研究,主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:(1)總結(jié)國內(nèi)外沉陷區(qū)復(fù)墾研究的現(xiàn)狀;根據(jù)老虎臺礦區(qū)實際開采狀況,系統(tǒng)分析了地表沉降及其對礦區(qū)周邊建筑物的破壞影響特點;研究得到老沉陷區(qū)地表殘余變形規(guī)律與地表移動期移動規(guī)律相同,預(yù)測了地表殘余變形量,評估得到煤層開采后地表建筑允許工程建設(shè)的最短時間為采后13年;(2)采用煤矸石對沉陷盆地進行回填,施工中采用分層分幅強夯法進行壓實,依據(jù)現(xiàn)場試驗方法確定煤矸石回填地基的承載力大小為220KN;根據(jù)計算,建筑附加荷載影響深度和三帶破壞高度共223m,小于煤層最小開采深度670m,據(jù)此評估回填地基的穩(wěn)定性,并確定地基建筑復(fù)墾利用的可行性,適合建造六層建筑物。(3)工程設(shè)計采用六層框架結(jié)構(gòu),空間對稱,采用梁板式筏基。在沉陷區(qū)地表選取三個不同工程位置,通過數(shù)值模擬分析方法,對相應(yīng)的不同地表位置上的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的沉降、傾斜變形、水平變形及曲率變形等進行了研究,分析了建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變,計算了建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性,得出在沉陷區(qū)中心區(qū)域和工作面外拉伸區(qū)域建筑物處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),工作面內(nèi)壓縮區(qū)域只能興建不高于3層的建筑物;根據(jù)模擬分析,采沉區(qū)建筑物間的最小前后間距為最高樓高的1.4倍,最小左右間距為樓高的0.5倍。(4)對不能保證建筑物安全的區(qū)域進行地基處理,主要采用CFG樁復(fù)合地基來協(xié)調(diào)地基、基礎(chǔ)及上部結(jié)構(gòu)間的變形,根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬方法分析得到復(fù)合地基應(yīng)用于此沉陷區(qū)作用效果顯著;同時對采沉區(qū)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)提出了合理的抗變形保護措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the exploitation of mineral resources, there are more and more subsidence areas on the surface. The sharp decrease of building land makes the reclamation and reuse of surface subsidence areas very important. Because of the residual deformation on the surface of the subsidence area, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the foundation and the strong anti-deformation ability of the building. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical engineering application value to study the building reclamation of the old subsidence area. Laohutai Coal Mine in Fushun is a very thick coal seam, which has been mined for more than 100 years. A subsidence basin of nearly 30 square kilometers is formed above the goaf. Combined with the actual mining situation of Laohutai Mine, according to the engineering geological data and engineering practice, using the superstructure, foundation and ground interaction attribute, The feasibility and safety measures of new building construction in subsidence area are systematically studied by combining theory with practical engineering. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) summarize the present situation of reclamation research in subsidence area at home and abroad; According to the actual mining situation in Laohutai mining area, the characteristics of surface subsidence and its damage to buildings around the mining area are analyzed systematically, and it is found that the law of surface residual deformation in the old subsidence area is the same as the movement law during the surface movement period. The residual deformation of the ground surface is forecasted, and the shortest time for the construction of the ground building after coal seam mining is estimated to be 13 years after mining. (2) the coal gangue is used to backfill the subsidence basin, and the stratified dynamic compaction method is used in the construction. According to the field test method, the bearing capacity of coal gangue backfill foundation is determined to be 220 KN. According to the calculation, the influence depth of additional load and the failure height of three zones are 223m, which is less than the minimum mining depth of coal seam 670m, so the stability of backfill foundation is evaluated. The feasibility of reclamation and utilization of foundation building is determined, which is suitable for the construction of six-story buildings. (3) the six-story frame structure, space symmetry and beam-slab raft foundation are adopted in the engineering design. In this paper, three different engineering positions are selected in the subsidence area. The settlement, tilt deformation, horizontal deformation and curvature deformation of the building structures at different surface positions are studied by numerical simulation method. The stress and strain of the building structure are analyzed and the safety of the building structure is calculated. It is concluded that the building is in a stable state in the central area of the subsidence area and outside the working face, and the compressed area in the working face can only build a building of not more than 3 stories. According to the simulation analysis, the minimum distance between the buildings in the mining subsidence area is 1.4 times of the maximum building height, and the minimum left and right distance is 0.5 times of the building height. (4) the ground treatment is carried out in the area which can not guarantee the safety of the building. CFG pile composite foundation is mainly used to coordinate the deformation between foundation and superstructure. At the same time, reasonable anti-deformation protection measures are put forward for building structure in mining subsidence area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU196.1

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