本文選題：開洞轉(zhuǎn)換梁 + 有限元模擬��； 參考：《西安工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,人民生活水平日益提高,人們對建筑功能的要求越來越高,使建筑結(jié)構(gòu)形式也變的復雜多樣。因此,應用在高層建筑中的轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)也越來越普遍,而其中應用最多的轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)為梁式轉(zhuǎn)換層。在當前的高層建筑中,由于存在大量的設備管道、通風管道,為了降低建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)部層高,提高樓層的空間利用率,需要在轉(zhuǎn)換層的轉(zhuǎn)換梁不同部位開設較大的洞口。因此,本文對開有不同洞口的轉(zhuǎn)換梁進行了有限元分析。通過六種不同的工況形式,應用ABAQUS有限元軟件分別建立了 31個有限元模型對其受力機理進行了對比分析。研究的主要內(nèi)容及成果如下:(1)在剪力墻滿跨布置的情況下,對轉(zhuǎn)換梁不開洞及不同位置開洞6個模型進行有限元分析。分析結(jié)果表明,轉(zhuǎn)換梁上的洞口開在跨中部位對結(jié)構(gòu)受力最為有利。但是,隨著洞口位置向梁兩端移動,轉(zhuǎn)換梁內(nèi)部應力對結(jié)構(gòu)越來越不利。因此,建議將洞口布置在轉(zhuǎn)換梁跨中Ln/2區(qū)段部位。(2)在剪力墻非滿跨的情況下,建立了五組25個模型進行有限元分析,研究了轉(zhuǎn)換梁跨中開洞及梁端開洞對轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)的影響程度及應力分布規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明,轉(zhuǎn)換梁與剪力墻的交界處會產(chǎn)生很大的壓應力和剪應力,尤其是剪力墻端部與轉(zhuǎn)換梁洞口處的交界,剪力墻底部的壓應力和剪應力都會相應增大。因此在結(jié)構(gòu)設計時,應對墻體端部采取加強配筋或增設暗柱、加翼緣的方法以提高其承壓及抗剪的能力。(3)通過本文所建立的六組31個有限元模型,對其計算結(jié)果進行對比分析,找出開洞轉(zhuǎn)換梁的受力薄軟環(huán)節(jié)。結(jié)果表明在轉(zhuǎn)換梁洞口的邊緣,尤其是洞口的角部,均會出現(xiàn)嚴重的應力集中現(xiàn)象,在轉(zhuǎn)換梁的兩端hb/2(hb為轉(zhuǎn)換梁高度)范圍內(nèi),均會出現(xiàn)較大的剪應力。因此,在結(jié)構(gòu)設計時,應在洞口上下及兩側(cè)設置暗柱,在轉(zhuǎn)換梁端部布置充足的箍筋來保證轉(zhuǎn)換梁的抗剪性能。最后,根據(jù)有限元分析結(jié)果,對其構(gòu)造處理及有可能出現(xiàn)的破壞形式進行總結(jié),為工程設計中的開洞轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)構(gòu)提出一些設計建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, people's living standard is improving day by day, and people's demand for building function is higher and higher, which makes the architectural structure form complex and diverse. Therefore, the transfer structures used in high-rise buildings are becoming more and more common, and the most widely used transfer structures are beam transfer floors. In the current high-rise building, due to the existence of a large number of equipment ducts and ventilation ducts, in order to reduce the height of the inner layer of the building structure and improve the space utilization ratio of the floors, it is necessary to open large openings in different parts of the transfer beam of the transfer layer. Therefore, the finite element analysis of the transfer beam with different openings is carried out in this paper. By using Abaqus finite element software, 31 finite element models were established to analyze the mechanical mechanism of the model. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) in the case of full span arrangement of shear walls, finite element analysis is carried out on six models of the transfer beam without opening and opening at different locations. The analysis results show that the opening of the hole in the middle span of the transfer beam is the most favorable for the structure. However, as the opening position moves to both ends of the beam, the internal stress of the transfer beam becomes more and more unfavorable to the structure. Therefore, it is suggested that the hole should be arranged in the Ln / 2 section of the transfer beam span. (2) five groups of 25 models are established for finite element analysis under the condition that the shear wall is not full span. The influence degree and stress distribution of the middle hole and the end hole of the transfer beam on the transfer structure are studied. The results show that there will be great compressive stress and shear stress at the junction between the transfer beam and the shear wall, especially at the junction between the end of the shear wall and the opening of the transfer beam, and the compressive stress and shear stress at the bottom of the shear wall will increase accordingly. Therefore, in structural design, strengthening reinforcement or adding hidden column and flange should be adopted to improve the capacity of bearing pressure and shear resistance. (3) through the six groups of 31 finite element models established in this paper, the calculation results are compared and analyzed. Find out the thin soft link of the open hole transfer beam. The results show that there is a serious stress concentration at the edge of the hole of the transfer beam, especially at the corner of the hole. In the range of hb/2 at both ends of the transfer beam (HB is the height of the transfer beam), large shear stress will occur. Therefore, when the structure is designed, dark columns should be set up at the top and bottom of the hole, and sufficient stirrups should be arranged at the end of the transfer beam to ensure the shear behavior of the transfer beam. Finally, according to the results of the finite element analysis, the structural treatment and the possible failure forms are summarized, and some design suggestions are put forward for the open hole transition structure in the engineering design.
【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU973

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