本文選題：混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) + 安全監(jiān)測　； 參考：《華北科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：混凝土開裂裂紋檢測是建筑結(jié)構(gòu)安全技術(shù)十分關(guān)注的基本問題之一。本文應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)圖像技術(shù)新近發(fā)展起來的數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)測量方法,以混凝土梁彎曲變形為試驗(yàn)對象,提出了基于數(shù)字相關(guān)的混凝土開裂和安全評價(jià)研究。研究工作涉及到數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺設(shè)計(jì)、分析信號的優(yōu)化處理、混凝土梁開裂變形的觀測實(shí)驗(yàn)研究以及混凝土表面裂紋擴(kuò)展的安全評價(jià)研究四個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容,其具體情況如下:(1)提出了數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)測量方法實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺的設(shè)計(jì)方案。該設(shè)計(jì)方案立足良好的分析圖像質(zhì)量、可靠的相關(guān)系數(shù)描述函數(shù)的定義及適用和配套的常規(guī)性技術(shù)處理環(huán)節(jié)三個(gè)基本技術(shù)要點(diǎn),考慮到了實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有技術(shù)條件,形成了以普通工業(yè)CCD相機(jī)為限制性環(huán)節(jié)的技術(shù)實(shí)施路線。(2)提出了與普通工業(yè)CCD相機(jī)采集圖像配套的分析圖像優(yōu)化處理技術(shù)方法。針對數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)測量分析信號的優(yōu)化處理,將二維經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解技術(shù)用于數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)測量中,對帶有噪聲的采集圖片進(jìn)行頻率由高到低的逐層分解,結(jié)合各個(gè)層次貢獻(xiàn)于圖像組成的比例,采用累積貢獻(xiàn)率的方法,對各分解層進(jìn)行濾波處理,實(shí)現(xiàn)采集圖像除噪的目的。利用平面網(wǎng)格標(biāo)定的方法對鏡頭進(jìn)行矯正,提高了采集圖像的質(zhì)量,矯正方法較好地適應(yīng)數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法測量分析信號優(yōu)化處理的要求。(3)以混凝土梁彎曲變形為對象,完成了基于數(shù)字圖像的混凝土開裂變形研究。位移場、應(yīng)變場的跟蹤監(jiān)測結(jié)果表明,數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)方法為混凝土表面開裂變形提供了有效的測試手段,位移分量能準(zhǔn)確捕捉到載荷作用下混凝土開裂變形的相關(guān)信息,應(yīng)變分量指明的高應(yīng)變區(qū)確定了裂縫的幾何形態(tài)與裂縫的具體位置。(4)提出了一種基于數(shù)字圖像方法的混凝土表面裂紋擴(kuò)展判別方法。在數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)測量方法的混凝土開裂實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對比分析基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合混凝土分段線性簡化的強(qiáng)度判據(jù)的分析,引入等效應(yīng)變描述,獲得了一個(gè)用觀測應(yīng)變分量判斷混凝土裂紋擴(kuò)展的理論關(guān)系。理論結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)觀測結(jié)果具有良好的一致性。本文的研究工作為混凝土建筑安全提供了具有針對性的監(jiān)控技術(shù)方法,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室所完成的研究結(jié)果表明這一技術(shù)方法良好的應(yīng)用推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Crack detection of concrete is one of the basic problems in building structure safety technology. In this paper, the digital image correlation measurement method developed by computer image technology is used to study the concrete cracking and safety evaluation based on digital correlation. The bending deformation of concrete beam is taken as the experimental object. The research work involves the design of digital image correlation method experimental platform, the optimal processing of analytical signal, the experimental study of concrete beam cracking and deformation observation, and the safety evaluation of concrete surface crack propagation. The details are as follows: (1) the design scheme of the experimental platform of digital image correlation measurement method is proposed. The design scheme is based on three basic technical points: good analysis of image quality, reliable definition of correlation coefficient description function and its applicability and matching routine technical processing, taking into account the existing technical conditions of the laboratory. In this paper, the technical implementation route of conventional industrial CCD camera is formed. (2) the analysis image optimization processing method matching with conventional industrial CCD camera is put forward in this paper. In order to optimize the signal processing of digital image correlation measurement and analysis, the two-dimensional empirical mode decomposition technique is applied to the digital image correlation measurement, and the frequency of the captured image with noise is decomposed from high to low layer by layer. Combined with the proportion of each level contribution to the image composition, the method of cumulative contribution rate is used to filter each decomposition layer to achieve the purpose of image denoising. The method of plane grid calibration is used to correct the lens, which improves the quality of the collected image. The correction method is better suited to the requirement of signal optimization of measurement and analysis by the digital image correlation method, and takes the bending deformation of concrete beam as the object. The research of concrete cracking and deformation based on digital image is completed. The tracking and monitoring results of displacement field and strain field show that the digital image correlation method can provide an effective testing method for concrete surface cracking and deformation, and the displacement component can accurately capture the relevant information of concrete cracking and deformation under load. The high strain region indicated by the strain component determines the geometric shape of the crack and the concrete location of the crack. (4) A method for judging crack propagation on concrete surface based on digital image method is proposed. On the basis of comparing and analyzing the experimental data of concrete cracking using digital image correlation measurement method and combining with the analysis of concrete strength criterion, the equivalent strain description is introduced. A theoretical relation for judging the crack growth of concrete by observed strain component is obtained. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The research work in this paper provides a targeted monitoring technique for the safety of concrete buildings. The results of the research in the laboratory show that this technique has a good value of application and popularization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41;TU755.7

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