本文選題：大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu) + 數(shù)值模擬��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著建筑科技的發(fā)展,大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)被廣泛應(yīng)用于生活中的方方面面,尤其以體育場(chǎng)最為常見。當(dāng)前,在計(jì)算大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面風(fēng)壓時(shí),由于常用的基于擬定常假定的風(fēng)壓計(jì)算方法失效,大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面風(fēng)壓計(jì)算的簡(jiǎn)便方法只有基于風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)參數(shù)法,但該方法對(duì)外形多變的結(jié)構(gòu)形式適用性較差,對(duì)于結(jié)構(gòu)的抗風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)極為不便;同時(shí),作為典型柔性結(jié)構(gòu),大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)自振頻率低,對(duì)風(fēng)荷載極為敏感,其風(fēng)振響應(yīng)不容忽視。針對(duì)以上問題,本文從機(jī)理上分析了屋面風(fēng)壓產(chǎn)生的原因,引入渦模型為紐帶,將來流風(fēng)特性與屋面風(fēng)壓分布特性相聯(lián)系,提出相應(yīng)的屋面風(fēng)壓理論模型,并基于此,提出新的吹氣控制方式以及不同工況下的最佳控制方案。通過研究來流風(fēng)特性與渦形態(tài)特性之間的關(guān)系,建立了大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)表面渦的流動(dòng)速度的理論模型。采用CFD數(shù)值仿真模擬大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)際繞流情況,確定影響屋面風(fēng)壓分布的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),圍繞大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面渦外形特性、分布特性和速度剖面特性等展開研究�；跀�(shù)值仿真結(jié)果,提出了“渦心漂移”假定,并基于該假定,揭示屋面各處渦速度剖面具有“相似性”,進(jìn)而確定了來流風(fēng)特性與渦特性之間的關(guān)系,建立了適合大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面各處的渦流動(dòng)速度模型。開展渦形態(tài)與屋面風(fēng)壓特性關(guān)系的研究,提出了基于渦流動(dòng)模型的大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面風(fēng)壓計(jì)算方法。根據(jù)大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面渦形態(tài)與風(fēng)壓變化特性的不同將屋面分為前緣分離區(qū)、旋渦區(qū)和旋渦分離區(qū)三個(gè)區(qū)域。通過渦心距屋面高度h變量的引入和對(duì)現(xiàn)有風(fēng)壓模型的曲率半徑進(jìn)行修正,解決了大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)旋渦下部無極值點(diǎn)、勢(shì)流區(qū)速度不隨軸向變化、渦心距離屋面較近的特異性問題�；谠撔拚娘L(fēng)壓模型,研究了大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)各外形參數(shù)(屋蓋傾角、下部看臺(tái)通風(fēng)率、長(zhǎng)寬比、高跨比)耦合作用的影響,提出外形影響系數(shù)進(jìn)行量化分析。基于前文理論研究,提出了附面層吹氣控制方法。通過附面層吹氣,控制屋面渦的形態(tài)以減小屋面風(fēng)壓。采用CFD數(shù)值仿真的方法驗(yàn)證了該控制方法的有效性,發(fā)現(xiàn)在前緣分離區(qū)、旋渦區(qū)和旋渦分離區(qū)三個(gè)區(qū)域的吹氣控制效果不同。研究了三個(gè)區(qū)域的吹氣速度對(duì)大跨懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)屋面風(fēng)壓極值的影響以及布置位置對(duì)消渦效果的影響,提出最佳控制方案。充分考慮外部風(fēng)環(huán)境因素對(duì)最佳控制方案的影響,提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)策略,確保附面層吹氣控制具有較為廣泛的工程應(yīng)用范圍。
[Abstract]:With the development of architectural science and technology, long-span cantilever structures are widely used in many aspects of life, especially in stadiums. At present, in calculating the roof wind pressure of long-span cantilever structure, due to the failure of the usual calculation method based on the usually assumed wind pressure, the simple method for calculating the wind pressure of long-span cantilever structure roof is based on the empirical parameter method of wind tunnel test. However, this method is not suitable for the structural form with changeable shape, and is very inconvenient for the wind-resistant design of the structure. As a typical flexible structure, the long-span cantilever structure has low natural vibration frequency and is extremely sensitive to wind load, and its wind-induced response can not be ignored. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes the causes of roof wind pressure from the mechanism, introduces the vortex model as a link, the future flow wind characteristics and roof wind pressure distribution characteristics are related to the corresponding roof wind pressure theoretical model, and based on this, A new blowing control method and the optimal control scheme under different operating conditions are proposed. A theoretical model of vortex flow velocity on long-span cantilever structure is established by studying the relationship between wind characteristics and vortex-shape characteristics. CFD numerical simulation is used to simulate the actual flow around the long-span cantilever structure, and the key parameters affecting the roof wind pressure distribution are determined. The profile characteristics, distribution characteristics and velocity profile characteristics of the roof vortex of the long-span cantilever structure are studied. Based on the numerical simulation results, the hypothesis of "vortex drift" is proposed. Based on this assumption, the "similarity" of vortex velocity profiles around the roof is revealed, and the relationship between the characteristics of the incoming wind and the vortex characteristics is determined. The eddy current velocity model for long span cantilever roof is established. In this paper, the relationship between vortex shape and roof wind pressure characteristics is studied, and a calculation method for roof wind pressure of long-span cantilever structure based on eddy current model is proposed. According to the different characteristics of roof vorticity and wind pressure of long-span cantilever structure, the roof is divided into three regions: front edge separation region, vortex region and vortex separation region. By introducing the h variable from the roof height of the vortex center and modifying the curvature radius of the existing wind pressure model, it is solved that there is no pole value point in the vortex lower part of the cantilever structure, and the velocity of the potential flow zone does not change with the axial direction. The specificity of the vortex center close to the roof. Based on the modified wind pressure model, the influence of various shape parameters (roof inclination, lower stand ventilation ratio, aspect ratio and height span ratio) on the coupling action of long-span cantilever structure is studied. Based on the previous theoretical research, a boundary layer blowing control method is proposed. The shape of roof vortex is controlled by boundary layer blowing to reduce roof wind pressure. The effectiveness of the control method is verified by CFD numerical simulation. It is found that the control effect is different in the leading edge separation region, the vortex region and the vortex separation region. The influence of blowing velocity in three regions on the wind pressure extremum of roof of long-span cantilever structure and the effect of placement position on vortex suppression are studied. The optimal control scheme is put forward. Considering the influence of the external wind environment factors on the optimal control scheme, the corresponding improvement strategies are put forward to ensure that the boundary layer blowing control has a relatively wide range of engineering applications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU312.1

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