本文選題：荷電量 + 電除塵　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,我國大氣污染問題越來越突出,2015年至今我國相繼出臺(tái)并落實(shí)各項(xiàng)環(huán)保政策,從燃煤鍋爐等污染源上整治,取得了一定成效。傳統(tǒng)的電除塵器對細(xì)顆粒物的除塵效果差,PM10和PM2.5則通過各種途徑侵入室內(nèi),危害人類健康。目前,市面上的空氣凈化設(shè)備的凈化效果差異較大。而等離子體放電時(shí)產(chǎn)生的高能離子流可以使顆粒物荷電和碰撞凝并,進(jìn)而在電流體力和粘性力的共同作用下被收塵板捕集,產(chǎn)生的強(qiáng)氧化性活性粒子能夠氧化降解有害有機(jī)、無機(jī)物和微生物氣溶膠。本文以此為背景,針對等離子放電時(shí)的荷電能力、除塵效果、離子風(fēng)驅(qū)動(dòng)氣流、電凝并效果、反電暈等特征進(jìn)行研究,主要研究內(nèi)容和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論如下:(1)單區(qū)電除塵器中顆粒物的荷電與除塵同步進(jìn)行。線板反應(yīng)器中顆粒物的荷電極性與微秒脈沖、直流電源的電壓極性相同。顆粒物粒徑越大,顆粒物荷電量越大。一定脈沖電壓下,頻率能夠提高顆粒物的荷電量,但是頻率的增加增強(qiáng)了離子風(fēng)的負(fù)面影響,反而降低了除塵效果。在不同的直流和脈沖疊加形式下,顆粒物荷電量達(dá)到最大值時(shí)除塵效率并不是最佳值,那是因?yàn)殡妷禾岣哳w粒物荷電量的同時(shí)也加強(qiáng)了二次流的負(fù)面作用。(2)線板式單區(qū)電除塵器中,在相同電壓下,直流比脈沖產(chǎn)生更強(qiáng)的電流體力和渦流。線電極上下游區(qū)域靠近收塵板附近形成對稱的雙旋渦。不同一次流時(shí),隨著電壓的增大,旋渦形成初期時(shí)EHD/Re2值為1～20之間,線電極附近的電場強(qiáng)度最強(qiáng),渦流最劇烈。兩種電源疊加時(shí),總疊加電壓一定時(shí),直流基電壓越大,湍流現(xiàn)象越明顯,更易形成旋渦。(3)雙區(qū)電除塵器中先進(jìn)行預(yù)荷電再除塵。一定的電壓范圍內(nèi),提高收塵電壓和荷電電壓,均能提高收塵效率。當(dāng)收塵電壓高于一定數(shù)值時(shí),收塵板邊緣類似尖端放電,強(qiáng)電場產(chǎn)生的離子風(fēng)會(huì)阻礙顆粒物驅(qū)進(jìn)收塵板進(jìn)行除塵。在同樣的收塵電壓下,相比于線板電除塵器,板板電除塵器中不僅可以提供勻強(qiáng)電場,而且不易產(chǎn)生劇烈的離子風(fēng)。(4)采用交錯(cuò)布置的線線結(jié)構(gòu)作為電凝并反應(yīng)器,施加直流、脈沖和交流高壓均能起到凝并效果,提高收塵效率,效果由大到小為:交流脈沖直流,直流高壓凝并對不同粒徑的顆粒物凝并效果大致相同,收塵效率平均提高5%,脈沖高壓凝并大大提高了小粒徑顆粒物的凝并效果,收塵效率平均提高13%。交流高壓凝并對大小粒徑的顆粒物均大大提高了收塵效率,平均提高10%。(5)等離子體放電時(shí)對氣流具有推動(dòng)作用,針筒、針孔和針網(wǎng)三種結(jié)構(gòu)放電時(shí)形成的氣流最大速度由大到小為:針筒針網(wǎng)針孔,分別為2m/s、1.4m/s和1m/s。且在靠近反應(yīng)器下游的較小區(qū)域形成氣流高速運(yùn)動(dòng),遠(yuǎn)離該區(qū)域氣流速度驟降。(6)高比電阻的多孔蜂窩陶瓷能進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定的反電暈放電,且反電暈放電時(shí)多孔蜂窩陶瓷前后均有明顯的氣流流動(dòng),可用作輔助氣流驅(qū)動(dòng)動(dòng)力。相同的峰值電壓下,脈沖高壓相比直流高壓不易于產(chǎn)生反電暈放電;直流疊加脈沖高壓時(shí),總疊加電壓一定時(shí),其中直流電壓越大,產(chǎn)生反電暈越明顯;一定的直流電壓下產(chǎn)生的反電暈情況下,施加額外的脈沖高壓并不能抑制反電暈的產(chǎn)生,反而使反電暈放電更劇烈。
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of air pollution in China is becoming more and more prominent. Since 2015, our country has promulgated and implemented various environmental protection policies, and has achieved certain results from the pollution sources such as coal-fired boilers. The traditional electrostatic precipitator has a bad effect on the dust removal of fine particles. PM10 and PM2.5 invade the indoor environment through various ways and endanger human health. The purification efficiency of the air purification equipment is very different, and the high energy ion flow produced by the plasma discharge can make the particles charged and collided with the particles, and then be trapped by the dust plate under the joint action of current and stickiness. The strong oxidizing active particles can oxidize and degrade harmful organic, inorganic and microbial gas. According to this background, the main research contents and experimental conclusions are as follows: (1) the charge of particles in the single area electrostatic precipitator and the charge of particles in the wire plate reactor. With the micro second pulse, the voltage polarity of the DC power supply is the same. The larger the particle size, the greater the charge of the particles. The frequency can increase the charge of the particles under a certain pulse voltage, but the increase of the frequency increases the negative effect of the ion wind, but reduces the effect of dust removal. In the form of different DC and pulse superposition, the particle charge is in the form of different DC and pulse superposition. The dedusting efficiency is not the best value when the electric quantity reaches the maximum. That is because the voltage increases the charge of the particles and also strengthens the negative effect of the two flow. (2) the direct current pulse produces stronger current and vorticity at the same voltage, and the downstream area on the line electrode is near the dust plate. Symmetrical double vortices. With the increase of the voltage, the EHD/Re2 value of the vortex is 1~20 when the voltage increases. The electric field near the line electrode is the strongest and the swirl is the most intense. When the two kinds of power superposition, the larger the overlay voltage is, the greater the DC base voltage is, the more obvious the turbulence phenomenon is, and the more easily the vortex is formed. (3) the first two zone electrostatic precipitator is first. In a certain voltage range, increasing the dust voltage and the charge voltage can increase the dust collecting efficiency. When the collecting voltage is higher than a certain value, the edge of the dust collector is similar to the tip discharge. The ion wind produced by the strong electric field will prevent the particles from driving into the dust collector. The electrostatic precipitator can not only provide a uniform electric field, but also not easily produce an intense ion wind. (4) the interlaced line and line structure is used as a electrocoagulation and reactor, and the effect of DC, pulse and AC high pressure can be applied to improve the efficiency of dust collecting, and the effect is from the AC pulse DC, the DC high pressure condensate. The effect of coagulating on particles with different particle sizes is approximately the same, the efficiency of dust collecting is increased by 5%, and pulse high pressure coagulation has greatly increased the coagulation effect of small particle particles. The efficiency of dust collecting is improved by 13%. AC high pressure coagulation and the dust collecting efficiency is greatly increased to the particle size particles, and the average increase of 10%. (5) plasma discharge is improved. The maximum velocity of air flow formed during the discharge of the needle tube, pinhole and needle mesh is from large to small: 2m/s, 1.4m/s and 1m/s., and the airflow velocity is formed in the smaller area near the downstream of the reactor, which is far away from the velocity of air flow in the region. (6) the porous honeycomb ceramics with high specific resistance can be carried out. The stable reverse corona discharge, and the porous honeycomb ceramic before and after the corona discharge has obvious air flow, can be used as the auxiliary airflow driving force. Under the same peak voltage, the pulse high pressure is not easy to produce the back corona discharge compared with the DC high voltage. When the DC superposition pulse high pressure, the total overlay voltage is certain, the greater the DC voltage is, the production of the DC voltage is bigger. The more obvious the back corona is, the additional pulsed high pressure does not inhibit the production of the back corona in a certain reverse corona under a certain DC voltage, but instead makes the reverse corona discharge more intense.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU834.8

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2019130