本文選題：光伏光熱 + 連接方式�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽能光伏光熱(PVT)熱水系統(tǒng)是將傳統(tǒng)的太陽能熱水系統(tǒng)與PVT集熱器相結(jié)合,該技術(shù)可以同時(shí)滿足用戶用電和生活熱水兩種需求,有效提高了太陽能的綜合利用效率。集熱器連接方式和流量對(duì)強(qiáng)制循環(huán)式PVT熱水系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行性能影響較大,然而有關(guān)最佳連接方式的研究還未見報(bào)道,關(guān)于流量的研究較多但都只針對(duì)某一種連接方式的系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象。本文選擇不同工況、不同城市,研究了連接方式和流量對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響,研究結(jié)果對(duì)不同輻射區(qū)的大型太陽能集熱器安裝方式的選取具有參考價(jià)值。根據(jù)能量守恒定律,綜合考慮環(huán)境溫度、太陽輻射量和當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)崴?fù)荷等因素,建立了不同連接方式太陽能PVT熱水系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)傳熱模型,利用FORTRAN語言進(jìn)行編程,并對(duì)該數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,對(duì)比模擬結(jié)果和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)確定了該數(shù)學(xué)模型的準(zhǔn)確性。建立的PVT熱水系統(tǒng)由12塊平板型PVT集熱器(2m ×1 m)組成,共5種連接方式,集熱器串聯(lián)數(shù)量分別為N=1、2、3、4、6。首先,分別以發(fā)電量、實(shí)際集熱量以及實(shí)際綜合能量為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,不同連接方式系統(tǒng)采用相同的單位面積質(zhì)量流量,0.02 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。以騰沖為例的計(jì)算結(jié)果表明:在兩種不同工況下,獲得最大日發(fā)電量的連接方式都為N=1,而獲得最大日實(shí)際集熱量的連接方式并不一致;以年發(fā)電量、年實(shí)際集熱量和年實(shí)際綜合能量為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳連接方式分別為:N=1、N=4和N=2。然后,分別在我國太陽資源較富區(qū)和資源一般區(qū)各選擇了5個(gè)城市。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,以全年實(shí)際綜合能量為優(yōu)化指標(biāo),太陽資源較富區(qū),建議全年采用選擇#=2 一種連接方式;太陽資源一般區(qū),建議選擇N=3的連接方式,其中對(duì)于汕頭,全年氣溫較高熱水負(fù)荷較小,與N=3相比,N=2的年實(shí)際綜合能量增加了 40MJ;最后,研究了 5種連接方式下,單位面積質(zhì)量流量在0.01～0.04kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)范圍內(nèi)變化對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響。以騰沖為例,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)N=1,流量超過0.025 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)后,系統(tǒng)發(fā)電量呈下降趨勢(shì),其它連接方式的系統(tǒng)發(fā)電量隨流量的增加而增加;當(dāng)N=1,流量超過0.02kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)后,系統(tǒng)實(shí)際集熱量呈下降趨勢(shì),當(dāng)N=2,系統(tǒng)實(shí)際集熱量一直持續(xù)緩慢增長的趨勢(shì),當(dāng)N=3、4、6,流量超過0.025 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)后,系統(tǒng)實(shí)際集熱量呈波動(dòng)性增長,且當(dāng)日輻射不足時(shí)波動(dòng)性更明顯;以全年實(shí)際綜合能量為優(yōu)化指標(biāo),最佳連接方式為N=2,對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳流量為0.035 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1),大于工程建議的0.01～0.02 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1)流量范圍。
[Abstract]:Solar photovoltaic (PV) hot water system is a combination of traditional solar water heating system and PVT collector. This technology can meet the needs of both consumer electricity and domestic hot water and effectively improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy. The connection mode and flow rate of collector have great influence on the operation performance of forced circulation PVT hot water system. However, the research on the optimal connection mode has not been reported yet. There are many researches on traffic flow, but they are only for systems with one connection mode. In this paper, the effects of connection mode and flow rate on the system performance are studied in different working conditions and cities. The results are valuable for the selection of installation modes of large solar collectors in different radiation areas. According to the law of conservation of energy, considering the factors of environment temperature, solar radiation and local hot water load, the dynamic heat transfer model of solar PVT hot water system with different connection mode is established, and the dynamic heat transfer model is programmed by FORTRAN language. The accuracy of the mathematical model is confirmed by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. The PVT hot water system is composed of 12 flat PVT collectors with 2 m 脳 1 m. There are 5 kinds of connection modes. First of all, the power generation, the actual heat collection and the actual comprehensive energy are taken as the optimization objectives respectively. The same mass flow rate of 0.02 kg per unit area is adopted in the different connection mode systems (0.02 kg / m ~ (-2) / s ~ (-1) ~ (-1) / m ~ (-1) / m ~ (-1). Taking Tengchong as an example, the results show that, under two different working conditions, the connection mode of obtaining the maximum daily generating capacity is Nu 1, but the connection mode of obtaining the maximum daily heat collection is not the same, and the annual power generation is not the same. When the annual actual heat collection and the annual actual integrated energy are the optimization objectives, the optimal connection modes are: 1 / N1 / NX / N4 and 2 / 2, respectively. Then, five cities were selected in the rich solar resources and the general resources areas in China. The calculation results show that, taking the actual comprehensive energy as the optimization index, the solar resources are relatively rich, so it is suggested to choose one kind of connection mode for the whole year, and for the general area of solar resources, to choose the connection mode of NX3, among which, for Shantou, The annual actual comprehensive energy of Nnu 2 is increased by 40 MJ compared with that of N3. Finally, the influence of the mass flow rate of unit area in the range of 0.01~0.04kg MJ / 2) sb-1) on the system performance is studied under the five connection modes, and the results are as follows: (1) in this paper, the actual energy is increased by 40 MJ in comparison with that of N3. Finally, the influence of the mass flow rate per unit area on the system performance is studied. Taking Tengchong as an example, the results show that the power generation of the system decreases with the increase of flow rate when the flow rate is more than 0.025 kg / m ~ (-1) and increases with the increase of flow rate in other connection modes, and the actual heat capacity of the system decreases when the flow rate exceeds 0.02kg / MU ~ (-2) sn ~ (-1). When NX2, the actual heat collection of the system has been increasing slowly. When the flow rate is more than 0.025 kg / m ~ (-1), the actual heat collection of the system is fluctuating, and the fluctuation is more obvious when the radiation is insufficient, and the overall energy is taken as the optimization index, and the actual total energy of the whole year is taken as the optimization index. The optimum connection mode is Nu 2, the corresponding optimal flow rate is 0.035 kg / m ~ (2) / s ~ (-1) / s ~ (1), which is larger than the suggested flow range of 0.01g / m ~ (2) m ~ (-1) / m ~ (2) / m ~ (-1) / m ~ (-1).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU822

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