本文選題：巖石力學(xué) + 沖擊傾向性��； 參考：《巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報》2017年06期

【摘要】：巖爆、沖擊地壓的發(fā)生是由巖體本身的物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)與其所處的應(yīng)力環(huán)境等因素綜合決定的。聲發(fā)射(acoustic emission,AE)技術(shù)是巖爆、沖擊地壓等這系列沖擊性動力災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警的一種重要手段。通過分析沖擊性巖石在不同受力變形破壞過程中的AE特征,推斷巖石內(nèi)部的性質(zhì)變化,反演巖石的破壞機制及破壞程度,可進一步為巖爆、沖擊地壓等沖擊性動力災(zāi)害源的識別、預(yù)警提供重要的技術(shù)途徑。采用不同頻率的AE檢測通道,對不同沖擊性巖石在不同受力方式下的AE信號頻率及基本參數(shù)特征進行試驗研究,主要研究內(nèi)容與成果包括:(1)通過對沖擊性花崗巖進行單軸壓縮、三軸壓縮、單軸加卸載、三軸加卸載試驗,分析圍壓對巖石沖擊危險性的影響,得到巖石損傷能量釋放率與損傷變量之間的關(guān)系,確定沖擊性花崗巖具備發(fā)生沖擊危險的最低軸向應(yīng)力水平。(2)基于單軸加卸載擾動AE試驗,研究了沖擊性粉砂巖AE響應(yīng)比值、彈性模量響應(yīng)比值及變形響應(yīng)比值隨軸向相對應(yīng)力水平變化規(guī)律,提出了在實際應(yīng)用中,可綜合利用多種因素響應(yīng)比值變化規(guī)律進行聯(lián)合預(yù)判來提高巖體失穩(wěn)破壞預(yù)測的準確性。(3)通過對沖擊性花崗巖在不同圍壓下循環(huán)加卸載AE試驗,得到巖石加卸載損傷破壞過程中高、低2種頻率的AE通道中AE累計振鈴計數(shù)、應(yīng)力與時間的關(guān)系�；诖�,研究AE不可逆性特征。同時,運用快速傅里葉變換FFT逆變換對Kaiser點的AE信號進行消躁,并采用FFT分析消躁后信號的頻譜特征,得到?jīng)_擊性花崗巖發(fā)生主破裂前Kaiser點的主頻特征及變化規(guī)律,為進一步反演沖擊性巖石的損傷破壞機制及破壞程度提供依據(jù)。(4)在沖擊性花崗巖不同圍壓下循環(huán)加卸載AE試驗的基礎(chǔ)上,運用小波包頻段分解法和G-P算法對Kaiser點信號及其相鄰點的頻段能量分布特征與AE能量關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)進行研究,得到Kaiser點特征頻段變化規(guī)律及Kaiser點AE關(guān)聯(lián)維數(shù)均小于其相鄰點的結(jié)論,為進一步揭示沖擊性巖石的損傷破壞機制提供參考依據(jù)。(5)研究不同沖擊傾向性巖石在單軸壓縮和三軸壓縮下的AE頻率和基本參數(shù)特征,得到較強沖擊性巖石、較弱沖擊性巖石和非沖擊性巖石在不同受力及變形破壞階段的AE頻率、優(yōu)勢頻率、振鈴計數(shù)、能量、撞擊數(shù)等相關(guān)參數(shù)變化特征及規(guī)律,進一步為巖爆、沖擊地壓等沖擊性動力災(zāi)害源的AE技術(shù)識別、預(yù)警提供基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。(6)建立了基于AE信號頻段與巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)間關(guān)系的多頻段AE信號頻率識別模式,在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了沖擊性花崗巖在單軸和三軸壓縮下頻率分布特征,得到?jīng)_擊性花崗巖在單軸和三軸壓縮下破壞失穩(wěn)及臨界破壞狀態(tài)的頻率組合識別模式。
[Abstract]:Rock burst, the occurrence of rock burst is determined by the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass and its stress environment. Acoustic emission (acoustic emission, AE) technology is an important means of monitoring and warning of rock burst, rock burst and so on. The characteristics of AE in the process can be used to deduce the changes in the nature of the rock, to reverse the failure mechanism and damage degree of rock, and to further provide an important technical approach for the identification of rock burst, rock burst and other impact dynamic disaster sources. The AE detection channel with different frequencies is used for the AE signals of different impact rocks under different stress modes. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) through uniaxial compression, three axis compression, uniaxial loading and unloading, and three axis loading and unloading tests, the influence of confining pressure on rock impact risk is analyzed, the relationship between rock damage energy release rate and damage variable is obtained, and the impact is determined. The striking granite has the lowest axial stress level of the impact risk. (2) based on the uniaxial loading and unloading disturbance AE test, the AE response ratio, the response ratio of the elastic modulus and the ratio of the deformation response to the axial relative stress level are studied, and the response ratio of various factors can be used in the practical application. The variation law of value is combined to improve the accuracy of rock failure prediction. (3) through the cyclic loading and unloading of the impact granite under different confining pressure and AE test, the cumulative ringing count of AE and the relationship between stress and time in the AE channel of rock loading and unloading damage are obtained. Based on this, the irreversibility of AE is studied. At the same time, using the fast Fourier transform FFT inversion to eliminate the AE signal of the Kaiser point, and using the FFT analysis of the spectrum characteristics of the impulsive signal, the main frequency characteristics and change rules of the Kaiser point before the main rupture of the impact granite are obtained, so as to provide the further inversion of the damage mechanism and damage degree of the impact rock. (4) on the basis of the cyclic loading and unloading AE test under different confining pressure of the impacting granites, the wavelet packet frequency section decomposition method and the G-P algorithm are used to study the frequency energy distribution characteristics of the Kaiser point signal and its adjacent points and the correlation dimension of the AE energy, and the variation of the frequency band of the Kaiser point and the Kaiser point AE correlation dimension are less than that of it. The conclusion of adjacent points provides a reference for further revealing the damage and damage mechanism of impact rocks. (5) study the characteristics of AE frequency and basic parameters of different impact tendencies rock under uniaxial compression and three axis compression, and get strong impact rock, weak impact rock and non impact rock in different stress and deformation damage order AE frequency, dominant frequency, ringing count, energy, impact number and other related parameters change characteristics and rules, and further provide basic basis for AE technology identification and early warning for rock burst, rock burst and other impact dynamic disaster sources. (6) a multi band AE signal frequency identification model based on the relationship between AE signal frequency and rock mechanics parameters is established. On this basis, the frequency distribution characteristics of impacting Granites under uniaxial and three axial compression are studied, and the frequency combination pattern of failure and critical failure state of impacting Granites under uniaxial and three axial compression is obtained.
【作者單位】： 江西理工大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家重點研發(fā)計劃(2016YFC0600801) 國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(51174015,51364012)~~
【分類號】：TU45

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