本文選題：組合桁架臂 + 非線性��； 參考：《太原科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：港口、海工裝備、第三代核電等領(lǐng)域模塊化與大型化吊裝作業(yè)的需求,促使起重機(jī)起重量趨向重載化、自重趨向輕量化、空間趨向大型化、操作趨向智能化、作業(yè)趨向復(fù)雜化、結(jié)構(gòu)趨向柔性化,而精益的生產(chǎn)離不開高品質(zhì)、高效率、高安全性能的搬運(yùn)系統(tǒng),優(yōu)質(zhì)高強(qiáng)鋼的應(yīng)用使起重機(jī)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)輕質(zhì)化卻導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)柔度增大,重載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)幾何變形具有較強(qiáng)的非線性性,若仍采用基于小位移假定的線彈性理論對(duì)大長(zhǎng)細(xì)比桁架臂結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行線性分析,將偏離結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際受力狀態(tài),得出偏于安全或不正確的結(jié)果,切乎實(shí)際的設(shè)計(jì)理論有助于維持結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度與穩(wěn)定性之間的平衡;其次,重載起升過程中,極限大角度工況下倘若有效載荷意外喪失,因臂架彈性、重物重力、鋼絲繩張力所蘊(yùn)藏勢(shì)能瞬間釋放之故,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生劇烈沖擊與振動(dòng),為臂架防后傾裝置以及系統(tǒng)安全性帶來(lái)新挑戰(zhàn),再者,如何準(zhǔn)確模擬反向沖擊載荷,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)所處真實(shí)環(huán)境,避免夸大或縮小結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng),具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文選取某型起重機(jī)大長(zhǎng)細(xì)比組合桁架臂為研究對(duì)象,基于不同方法理論設(shè)計(jì)校核臂架結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度、剛度及穩(wěn)定性(整體穩(wěn)定性、局部穩(wěn)定性),重點(diǎn)落腳于穩(wěn)定性的非線性求解,通過引入廣義裕度概念,評(píng)價(jià)不同方法理論體系優(yōu)劣,遴選出最佳設(shè)計(jì)方法,借助ANSYS對(duì)其驗(yàn)證,并對(duì)仿真要點(diǎn)詳細(xì)論述;以多柔體動(dòng)力學(xué)為理論指導(dǎo)基礎(chǔ),以虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)為解題手段,聯(lián)立ANSYS與ADAMS建造臂架剛?cè)狁詈夏Ｐ?對(duì)有效載荷意外喪失工況進(jìn)行理論建模和數(shù)值仿真,探討彈性臂架在瞬態(tài)沖擊激勵(lì)下的振動(dòng)響應(yīng),動(dòng)態(tài)分析防后傾裝置受力特征,此外,遵循單一控制變量原則,深入挖掘不同設(shè)計(jì)因子(有效載荷意外喪失時(shí)間、滑輪組倍率、起升加速時(shí)間)對(duì)臂架動(dòng)態(tài)特性影響規(guī)律,為臂架的設(shè)計(jì)改進(jìn)以及防后傾裝置的選型、合理布置提供重要的理論參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The demand for modularization and large-scale hoisting operations in the fields of port, marine engineering equipment, third generation nuclear power, etc., has prompted crane lifting weight to become heavy, self-weight to be lighter, space to be large, operation to be intelligent, and operation to be more complicated. The structure tends to be flexible, but lean production can not do without high quality, high efficiency, high safety performance of the handling system. The application of high quality and high strength steel makes the crane jib structure lightweight, but leads to the increase of structural flexibility. The geometric deformation of the structure under heavy load has strong nonlinearity. If the linear elastic theory based on the assumption of small displacement is still used for linear analysis of the truss arm structure with large slenderness ratio, it will deviate from the actual stress state of the structure. The result is that the actual design theory is helpful to maintain the balance between the strength and stability of the structure. Secondly, in the course of heavy load hoisting, if the payload is lost unexpectedly under the condition of extreme large angle, Because of the sudden release of the potential energy contained in the elasticity of the boom, the gravity of the heavy object and the tension of the wire rope, it has produced violent impact and vibration on the structure, which brings new challenges to the anti-tilt device of the boom and the safety of the system. How to simulate the reverse impact load accurately is of practical significance to the real environment of the structure and to avoid exaggerating or reducing the dynamic response of the structure. In this paper, a large aspect ratio composite truss arm of a certain crane is chosen as the research object. Based on different methods, the strength, stiffness and stability of the jib structure are designed and checked (global stability, local stability and nonlinear solution of stability). By introducing the concept of generalized margin, this paper evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, selects the best design method, verifies it by means of ANSYS, and discusses the main points of simulation in detail. The rigid-flexible coupling model of boom is constructed by using virtual prototyping technology and ANSYS and ADAMS, and the theoretical model and numerical simulation of the accidental loss of payload are carried out, and the vibration response of elastic boom under transient shock excitation is discussed. In addition, according to the principle of single control variable, the influence of different design factors (the time of accidental loss of payload, the ratio of pulley group, the time of hoisting acceleration) to the dynamic characteristics of boom is analyzed dynamically. It provides an important theoretical reference for the design and improvement of the boom, the selection of the anti-tilting device and the reasonable arrangement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH21

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