本文選題：山地城市 + 臨街型公共建筑�。� 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：臨街型公共建筑扎根在城市的大街小巷中,時時刻刻都與城市道路保持著物質(zhì)能量的交換。其入口環(huán)境在城市中占據(jù)著大量用地,是聯(lián)系公共建筑與城市的紐帶,它既服務(wù)于公共建筑,又是城市街道空間中不可或缺的一部分。山地城市中的公共建筑與道路連接的方式因地形的變化而妙趣橫生,產(chǎn)生很多巧妙的空間組織,也滋生不少零碎的角落空間,形成了千變?nèi)f化的臨街型入口環(huán)境。但人們將臨街型入口環(huán)境視為建筑附屬物的理念已根深蒂固,一些粗暴地解決地形的方式以及諸多自私化、不人性化的設(shè)計(jì)造成了大量低利用率的空間及粗制濫造的景觀,導(dǎo)致了公共環(huán)境的公共服務(wù)性差等城市問題。通過對國內(nèi)外不同的山地城市臨街型公共建筑進(jìn)行資料收集與分析,初步按公共建筑與所臨道路的相對高度將臨街型入口環(huán)境分為抬升式入口環(huán)境、下沉式入口環(huán)境、平地式入口環(huán)境、復(fù)合式入口環(huán)境四種不同類型。其中抬升式入口又包含平行抬升式與交叉抬升式;下沉式入口包含平行下沉式與交叉下沉式;平地式入口包含水平平地式與傾斜平地式;復(fù)合式入口包含單面復(fù)合式、轉(zhuǎn)角復(fù)合式與相對復(fù)合式。簡要闡明了各類入口環(huán)境景觀的空間特征。并歸納出臨街型入口環(huán)境的功能特征、景觀特征、使用人群特征等。對重慶主城區(qū)不同類型的臨街型入口共43處的環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀、高差處理、交通組織、利用現(xiàn)狀方面進(jìn)行調(diào)查記錄,歸納得出臨街型入口環(huán)境普遍的平面布局形式主要為:人行道拓寬型、外側(cè)通道型、內(nèi)側(cè)通道型、內(nèi)外通道型4種類型。不同類型入口的通行界面也包含不同的高差處理模式,從斷面上看,抬升式與下沉式入口的通行界面的高差處理模式主要為:坡道型、外側(cè)梯道型、內(nèi)側(cè)梯道型、梯道分布型、側(cè)入型5類;平地式入口的通行界面的高差處理模式主要為:水平型、傾斜型、退階型、臺地型4類。景觀界面的處理方法則包含:植物、水體、景墻、雕塑、活動設(shè)施、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等。并對重慶市公共建筑入口存在的環(huán)境問題進(jìn)行整理分析,歸納總結(jié)出城市街道功能空間與公共建筑功能空間的不和諧、景觀破碎化、景觀設(shè)計(jì)不合理等幾個方面的問題。最后,對山地城市臨街型公共建筑入口的環(huán)境問題進(jìn)行探討,初步提出山地城市臨街型公共建筑入口環(huán)境景觀的自上而下的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)策略。指出四種宏觀角度下的設(shè)計(jì)思維方式,分別為:1、串珠式的城市空間設(shè)計(jì)思維方式(入口空間公共化);2、空間分配前置的設(shè)計(jì)思維方式(步行空間連續(xù)化);3、一體化的城市景觀設(shè)計(jì)思維方式(道路景觀整體化);4、與時俱進(jìn)的入口景觀設(shè)計(jì)思維方式(環(huán)境景觀品質(zhì)化),這四種思想對設(shè)計(jì)不同類型的入口環(huán)境具有普遍性指導(dǎo)意義。并分別針對抬升式、下沉式、平地式、復(fù)合式入口環(huán)境各自特點(diǎn)提出了不同的設(shè)計(jì)策略。
[Abstract]:The street type public buildings are rooted in the streets and alleys of the city, and all of the time keep the exchange of material energy with the urban roads. The entrance environment occupies a large amount of land in the city. It is the link between the public buildings and the city. It serves both the public buildings and the urban street space. The way of connection between public buildings and roads is interesting because of the change of terrain, producing many ingenious space organizations, and creating a lot of fragmentary corner space, forming an ever-changing environment of entrance to the street. However, the idea that the entrance environment of the street type is regarded as a building appendage is deeply rooted, and some rough terrain is solved. As well as a lot of selfishness and inhuman design, it has caused a lot of low utilization space and rough landscape, which leads to the problem of poor public service in public environment. Through the collection and analysis of the public buildings in different mountain cities at home and abroad, the public buildings and the road are on the road. The entrance environment of the street type entrance is divided into four different types: the lift entrance environment, the sinking entrance environment, the flat entrance environment and the compound entrance environment, of which the uplift entrances include parallel uplifting and cross uplifting; the sinking entrance includes parallel sinking and cross sinking; the flat entrance includes horizontal leveling. The compound entrances include single side compound, corner compound and relative compound. The spatial features of various entrances and landscapes are briefly clarified, and the functional features, landscape features, and population characteristics of the entrance environment are summed up, and 43 rings of different types of entrance to street type in the main urban area of Chongqing are introduced. The current situation, the height difference treatment, the traffic organization and the use of the current situation are investigated and recorded. It is concluded that the general layout forms of the street entrance environment are mainly 4 types of sidewalk widening, lateral channel type, inner channel type and internal and external channel type. Different types of entrance interface also contains different height difference treatment modes, from cross section There are 5 types of elevation difference between the uplift and the lower entrance entrance: the slope type, the lateral ladder type, the inside ladder type, the distribution type of the ladder, and the side entry type; the height difference treatment mode of the crossing interface of the flat type entrance is the horizontal, the tilted, the back order and the platform type. The treatment methods of the landscape interface include: planting Things, water body, landscape wall, sculpture, activity facilities, infrastructure and so on. And analyze the environmental problems existing in the entrance of public buildings in Chongqing, and summarize the problems of the disharmony between the functional space of the city street and the function space of the public buildings, the fragmentation of the landscape, the unreasonable landscape design and so on. Finally, the street type of the mountain city is on the street type. The environmental problems of the entrance of public buildings are discussed, and the top-down planning and design strategy of the environmental landscape of the entrance of the street type public buildings in the mountainous cities is preliminarily proposed. The design thinking modes of four kinds of macro angles are pointed out, respectively: 1, the beaded urban spatial design thinking formula (the entrance space public); 2, the preposition of the space distribution. Thinking mode (walking space continuum); 3, integrated urban landscape design thinking mode (road landscape holistic); 4, the way of thinking (environmental landscape quality) with the entry of the times (environmental landscape quality), these four ideas have universal guiding significance for the design of different types of entrance environment. Different design strategies are put forward according to their respective characteristics of compound entry environment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU984.113;TU242

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