發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 20:26

  本文選題：N-亞硝基二甲胺 + 飲用水安全�。� 參考：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年07期

【摘要】：亞硝胺類物質(zhì),特別是亞硝基二甲胺(NDMA),其高致癌性及在我國(guó)飲用水中高檢出率引起了國(guó)內(nèi)媒體和管理層的廣泛關(guān)注.為了評(píng)價(jià)飲水中NDMA造成的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn),進(jìn)而提出我國(guó)飲水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建議,本文利用近幾年全國(guó)飲用水水質(zhì)調(diào)查的NDMA數(shù)據(jù),以傷殘調(diào)整壽命年(DALYs)為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)終點(diǎn),并結(jié)合疾病模型,對(duì)飲水途徑攝入NDMA造成的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行估算.結(jié)果表明,我國(guó)城市飲用水中由于NDMA造成的終身癌癥發(fā)病率為5.69×10~(-6),人均DALYs損失為6.27×10~(-7)人·a~(-1).以WHO所推薦的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可接受水平(DALYs)(10~(-6)人·a~(-1))來(lái)制定飲用水中NDMA濃度安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn),應(yīng)為6.12 ng·L~(-1).考慮到我國(guó)水廠工藝情況,未來(lái)NDMA的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)在6~40 ng·L~(-1)范圍內(nèi)更合理.最終的水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍需進(jìn)一步考慮其他經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)水平等因素.
[Abstract]:The high carcinogenicity of nitrosamines, especially nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), and the high detection rate of nitrosamines in drinking water in China have attracted the attention of domestic media and management. In order to evaluate the health risk caused by NDMA in drinking water, and then put forward the suggestion of drinking water standard in China, this paper uses the NDMA data of the National drinking Water quality Survey in recent years, takes DALYS as the risk evaluation endpoint, and combines with the disease model. The health risks associated with drinking water intake of NDMA were estimated. The results showed that the lifetime cancer incidence caused by NDMA was 5.69 脳 10 ~ (-6) and the per capita DALYs loss was 6.27 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-7) in urban drinking water of China. The safety standard of NDMA concentration in drinking water should be 6.12 ng / L ~ (-1) at the risk acceptable level recommended by WHO. Considering the process conditions of water plants in China, the safety standard of NDMA in the future is more reasonable in the range of 6 ~ 40 ng / L ~ (-1). The final water quality standards still need to further consider other factors such as economic and technical level.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心環(huán)境水質(zhì)學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51290283,21477158) 首都衛(wèi)生發(fā)展科研專項(xiàng)(2014-1-3011)
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.21;X824

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