本文選題：液壓挖掘機(jī) + 能量回收�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：工程機(jī)械行業(yè)發(fā)展前景良好,液壓挖掘機(jī)作為其主要機(jī)種,有著巨大的市場(chǎng)需求。然而其環(huán)境不友好的特點(diǎn),促使挖掘機(jī)向著節(jié)能環(huán)保的方向發(fā)展,使得液壓挖掘機(jī)節(jié)能技術(shù)成為各大工程機(jī)械廠商研究的熱點(diǎn)。為提高挖掘機(jī)節(jié)能效果,論文提出一種采用蓄能器和蓄電池儲(chǔ)能的液壓挖掘機(jī)動(dòng)臂與轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)能量回收系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了動(dòng)臂下降與回轉(zhuǎn)制動(dòng)復(fù)合動(dòng)作下的能量回收。對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行方案設(shè)計(jì)、元件選型和參數(shù)匹配、模型建立和對(duì)比仿真分析、以及參數(shù)影響和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證等方面的研究。論文主要內(nèi)容劃分如下:1.介紹當(dāng)前液壓挖掘機(jī)節(jié)能相關(guān)的研究進(jìn)展。通過(guò)論述并分析挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)、動(dòng)臂、轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)以及多工作裝置等方面的節(jié)能技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀,得出其中不足,進(jìn)而確定本課題的研究?jī)?nèi)容。2.對(duì)提出的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行方案設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)動(dòng)臂下降勢(shì)能回收模塊、轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)制動(dòng)能量回收模塊以及能量存儲(chǔ)與釋放模塊進(jìn)行方案設(shè)計(jì),遵照總體設(shè)計(jì)要求,整合各模塊方案,設(shè)計(jì)出電液協(xié)調(diào)式能量回收系統(tǒng),完成系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì)。3.對(duì)系統(tǒng)主要元件進(jìn)行選型及參數(shù)匹配。以某型7噸級(jí)液壓挖掘機(jī)為實(shí)例,對(duì)動(dòng)臂和轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)主要元件、蓄能器、回收馬達(dá)和發(fā)電機(jī)的型號(hào)及具體參數(shù)進(jìn)行匹配,為接下來(lái)的系統(tǒng)節(jié)能研究做好準(zhǔn)備。4.對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真研究。建立系統(tǒng)模型并設(shè)置各項(xiàng)參數(shù),制定仿真動(dòng)作和控制策略并仿真,結(jié)果表明:參數(shù)合理匹配前提下,相比于可回收能量,回轉(zhuǎn)制動(dòng)綜合能量回收率為61.3%,動(dòng)臂下降綜合能量回收率為27.3%;系統(tǒng)總的能量回收率為44.9%,再利用率為47.2%,節(jié)能效果良好。在僅改變系統(tǒng)儲(chǔ)能元件的前提下,搭建相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)模型,對(duì)液壓式能量回收系統(tǒng)和電力式能量回收系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真分析,并與原系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行綜合比較。5.關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能的影響研究。為指導(dǎo)參數(shù)優(yōu)化,提高系統(tǒng)節(jié)能表現(xiàn),基于仿真分析,研究關(guān)鍵參數(shù)與系統(tǒng)回收能量的關(guān)系。系統(tǒng)仿真時(shí)通過(guò)改變蓄能器初始容積和壓力、回收馬達(dá)排量、節(jié)流閥的有無(wú)及其孔徑等關(guān)鍵參數(shù),得出各參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)能量回收率的影響。同時(shí)為提高系統(tǒng)的控制性能,對(duì)動(dòng)臂下降和回轉(zhuǎn)制動(dòng)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。6.蓄能器參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。為驗(yàn)證仿真得到的蓄能器關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能效果的影響,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備,結(jié)合實(shí)際情況搭建模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)匹配某型4噸級(jí)液壓挖掘機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)制動(dòng)相關(guān)參數(shù),分析所得數(shù)據(jù),仿真結(jié)果得到驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Construction machinery industry has a good development prospects, hydraulic excavators as its main machinery, has a huge market demand.However, because of its unfriendly environment, the excavator is developing towards the direction of energy saving and environmental protection, and the energy-saving technology of hydraulic excavator has become a hot spot in the research of construction machinery manufacturers.In order to improve the energy saving effect of excavator, a kind of energy recovery system of hydraulic excavator using accumulator and storage battery is put forward, which realizes the energy recovery under the compound action of moving arm drop and rotary brake.The scheme design, component selection and parameter matching, model building and comparative simulation analysis, as well as parameter influence and experimental verification are studied.The main contents of the paper are divided as follows: 1.This paper introduces the research progress on energy saving of hydraulic excavators.Based on the discussion and analysis of the research status of the hydraulic system of excavator, the moving arm, the turntable and the multi-working device, the deficiency of the energy saving technology is obtained, and the research content of this subject is determined.The proposed system is designed.According to the overall design requirements, the paper designs the modules of the drop potential energy recovery module, the brake energy recovery module and the energy storage and release module. According to the overall design requirements, the integrated modules, the electro-hydraulic coordinated energy recovery system is designed.Complete the system scheme design. 3.The main components of the system are selected and the parameters are matched.Taking a 7 ton hydraulic excavator as an example, the main components of moving arm and turntable, accumulator, recovery motor and generator are matched and the specific parameters are matched.The simulation of the system is carried out.The system model and parameters are set up, simulation actions and control strategies are formulated and simulated. The results show that: compared with recoverable energy, the simulation results show that: 1.The comprehensive energy recovery rate of rotary braking is 61.3%, the recovery rate of moving arm descending comprehensive energy is 27.30.The total energy recovery rate of the system is 44.9, and the reutilization ratio is 47.2. The energy saving effect is good.On the premise of only changing the energy storage components of the system, the corresponding system model is built, and the hydraulic energy recovery system and the electric energy recovery system are simulated and analyzed, and compared with the original system.The influence of key parameters on system energy saving is studied.In order to optimize the parameters and improve the performance of energy saving, the relationship between the key parameters and the energy recovery of the system is studied based on the simulation analysis.By changing the initial volume and pressure of the accumulator, recovering the motor displacement, the existence of the throttle valve and its aperture, the influence of each parameter on the energy recovery rate of the system is obtained.At the same time, in order to improve the control performance of the system, the arm drop and rotary brake are improved. 6. 6.Experimental study on the effect of accumulator parameters on system energy saving.In order to verify the influence of the key parameters of the accumulator on the energy saving effect of the system, the experimental scheme was designed, the experimental equipment was selected, and the simulation test bench was built according to the actual situation.The simulation experiment matches the parameters related to the rotary braking of a 4-ton hydraulic excavator. The data obtained are analyzed and the simulation results are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU621

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