本文選題：蘭州市　切入點(diǎn)：海綿城市　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)將是城市的世紀(jì)。隨著城市化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn),中國實(shí)現(xiàn)了從鄉(xiāng)村型社會跨入到城市型社會為主的新時(shí)期。在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的同時(shí),城市化也帶來了諸多問題。不透水面積的增加使得雨水難以下滲,最終引發(fā)城市澇災(zāi)。高強(qiáng)度開發(fā),導(dǎo)致河湖水生態(tài)空間被嚴(yán)重?cái)D占,濕地、綠地等面積趨于萎縮,生物多樣性遭到威脅。生產(chǎn)和生活廢水隨意外排,使得城市水體黑臭現(xiàn)象頻繁發(fā)生。城市化帶來的人口規(guī)模的增長,使得城市生產(chǎn)和生活用水劇增,許多城市面臨著水資源供不應(yīng)求的窘境,加之城市水體受到污染,很多城市水質(zhì)性缺水問題十分突出。所有這些嚴(yán)峻的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,不僅嚴(yán)重威脅著人民群眾的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,而且也不利于城市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。2013年12月在中央城鎮(zhèn)化工作會議上,習(xí)近平總書記提出要建設(shè)自然積存、自然滲透、自然凈化的“海綿城市”。通過海綿城市建設(shè),采用低影響開發(fā)手段,綜合采取“滲、滯、蓄、凈、用、排”措施,來達(dá)到“小雨不積水,大雨不內(nèi)澇,熱島有緩解,水體不黑臭”的目的。當(dāng)前,全國已掀起海綿城市建設(shè)的熱潮。蘭州市位于中國西北內(nèi)陸地區(qū),是甘肅省的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心。在城市發(fā)展過程中,蘭州市面臨著水資源短缺、內(nèi)澇多發(fā)、水污染等一系列水問題,人居環(huán)境質(zhì)量不容樂觀。論文以蘭州市為例對海綿城市進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,探討蘭州市建設(shè)海綿城市的必要性、可行性、重要性以及具體建設(shè)路徑。首先,論文在闡述研究背景、研究意義、研究內(nèi)容及研究方法的基礎(chǔ)上對海綿城市理論進(jìn)行解讀,進(jìn)而綜述了國內(nèi)外海綿城市建設(shè)的理論與實(shí)踐。通過國內(nèi)外的對比分析,總結(jié)值得國內(nèi)城市學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)做法。第二,論文敘述了蘭州市的基本概況和水情的具體現(xiàn)狀,提出了蘭州市在水安全、水資源、水環(huán)境等方面存在的問題,得出蘭州市建設(shè)海綿城市很有必要的結(jié)論。采用SWOT分析法,得出蘭州市當(dāng)前建設(shè)海綿城市劣勢大于優(yōu)勢,機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)并存的結(jié)論,即蘭州市當(dāng)前建設(shè)海綿城市存在一定困難,但具有建設(shè)的可行性。第三,論文根據(jù)蘭州市的實(shí)際情況,提出了海綿城市建設(shè)的目標(biāo)和指標(biāo),并指出這些指標(biāo)并非固定不變,而需要隨著蘭州市未來發(fā)展情況做出動態(tài)調(diào)整。第四,論文分析了蘭州市經(jīng)過海綿城市建設(shè)后,將具有巨大的生態(tài)環(huán)境和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,即得出海綿城市建設(shè)對蘭州市的重要性的結(jié)論。第五,論文提出了蘭州市海綿城市建設(shè)的對策與建議。最后,論文闡述了研究中的不足之處,并對蘭州市的未來進(jìn)行了展望:通過海綿城市建設(shè),蘭州市有望發(fā)展成為中國西部地區(qū)充滿活力的宜居山水之城。
[Abstract]:The 21st century will be the century of cities.With the development of urbanization, China has realized a new period from rural society to urban society.In promoting economic growth, urbanization has also brought many problems.The increase of impermeable area makes it difficult for Rain Water to infiltrate and eventually cause urban waterlogging.The high intensity exploitation results in the serious crowding of the ecological space of rivers and lakes, the shrinking of wetland and green space, and the threat to biodiversity.The production and domestic wastewater is discharged at will, which makes the phenomenon of black and smelly in the city water body happen frequently.The increase of population scale brought by urbanization makes urban production and domestic water use increase dramatically. Many cities are faced with the dilemma of shortage of water resources, in addition to the pollution of urban water bodies, the water quality of many cities is very prominent.All these serious practical problems not only seriously threaten the lives and property of the people, but also are not conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of urban economy and society. In December 2013, at the Central working Conference on urbanization,General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to build a spongy city with natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification.Through the sponge city construction, adopting the low influence development means, synthetically adopting the measures of "seepage, hysteresis, storage, net, use, discharge", to achieve the purpose of "light rain does not have water, heavy rain does not flood, heat island has relief, water body does not smell black".At present, the country has set off spongy city construction upsurge.Located in inland northwest China, Lanzhou is the political, economic and cultural center of Gansu Province.In the process of urban development, Lanzhou is faced with a series of water problems, such as water shortage, frequent waterlogging, water pollution and so on.Taking Lanzhou as an example, this paper makes a systematic study on the sponge city, and discusses the necessity, feasibility, importance and concrete construction path of the construction of the sponge city in Lanzhou.Firstly, on the basis of expounding the research background, research significance, research contents and research methods, the paper interprets the theory of sponge city, and then summarizes the theory and practice of sponge city construction at home and abroad.Through the comparative analysis at home and abroad, summed up the experience and practices worthy of domestic cities to learn and learn from.Second, the paper describes the basic situation of Lanzhou City and the specific status of the water situation, puts forward the Lanzhou City in water security, water resources, water environment and other aspects of the problems, draw the Lanzhou City sponge city is very necessary conclusions.By using SWOT analysis, the author draws the conclusion that the disadvantage of constructing sponge city in Lanzhou is greater than its advantages, and opportunities and challenges coexist, that is to say, the construction of sponge city in Lanzhou has some difficulties, but it has the feasibility of construction.Thirdly, according to the actual situation of Lanzhou City, the paper puts forward the goals and targets of sponge city construction, and points out that these indexes are not fixed, but need to be dynamically adjusted with the future development of Lanzhou City.Fourth, the paper analyzes the importance of the construction of the sponge city in Lanzhou, which will have a huge ecological environment and social and economic benefits, that is, the importance of the construction of the sponge city to Lanzhou.Fifth, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of sponge city construction in Lanzhou.Finally, the paper expounds the deficiencies of the research, and looks forward to the future of Lanzhou: through the construction of sponge city, Lanzhou is expected to develop into a dynamic and livable landscape city in the western part of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU992

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