本文選題：紅河哈尼梯田遺產(chǎn)區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：傳統(tǒng)村落　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在紅河南岸哀勞山南麓的半山區(qū),紅河哈尼梯田世界文化景觀遺產(chǎn)區(qū)村落星羅密布,但隨著近年來的發(fā)展,遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落空間形態(tài)及構(gòu)成要素出現(xiàn)了異化甚至缺失的現(xiàn)象。本論文主要應(yīng)用了實(shí)地調(diào)研、田野調(diào)查、比較分析等研究方法。首先對(duì)哈尼族村落發(fā)展以及遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落空間形態(tài)進(jìn)行了深入解析,哈尼族傳統(tǒng)村落具有一套獨(dú)特的營(yíng)建機(jī)制,是哈尼村落得以發(fā)展壯大的基礎(chǔ):而村落內(nèi)部以“宗族血緣關(guān)系”為紐帶的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)為其長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定提供了保障;哈尼族傳統(tǒng)村落中的“蘑菇房”、水井、祭祀房、磨秋場(chǎng)等空間形態(tài)構(gòu)成要素是傳統(tǒng)哈尼文化的物質(zhì)體現(xiàn);但遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落已逐漸呈顯出村落邊界模糊、發(fā)展重心偏移、特色空間衰退、空間肌理遭受破壞等現(xiàn)象。其次,針對(duì)目前遺產(chǎn)區(qū)村落空間形態(tài)各異的現(xiàn)象,將遺產(chǎn)區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的村落分為“傳統(tǒng)型”、“協(xié)調(diào)型”、“異化型”三種村落類型進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,總結(jié)各類村落發(fā)展演變特征,得出近年來遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落的演變主要受交通條件、旅游發(fā)展、政府政策以及居民思想意識(shí)等因素的影響,同時(shí)哈尼族村落內(nèi)部社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)以及傳統(tǒng)民族文化在村落空間形態(tài)發(fā)展的過程起到了重要的保護(hù)作用。而在此期間,存在有政策落實(shí)失活、旅游開發(fā)項(xiàng)目盲目、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡等問題,最終導(dǎo)致居民生產(chǎn)生活及傳統(tǒng)物質(zhì)空間難以實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。最后,通過前文分析總結(jié),得知遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落空間形態(tài)保護(hù)與發(fā)展的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)變過程。就其物質(zhì)形態(tài)而言,需要根據(jù)不同村落類型有針對(duì)性的制定出切實(shí)可行的實(shí)施策略;對(duì)于實(shí)施方法來說,則需肯定原住民的主體地位、制定合理的政策引導(dǎo)、縮短管理路徑、鼓勵(lì)公眾參與村落發(fā)展建設(shè)�？傮w來說,協(xié)調(diào)好外來者對(duì)遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的愿望與原住民對(duì)生活環(huán)境發(fā)展的需求之間的平衡;處理好遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落空間形態(tài)的保護(hù)與發(fā)展中各作用主體及客體之間的關(guān)系;指導(dǎo)村落的建設(shè)發(fā)展活動(dòng)以及維護(hù)民族村落空間形態(tài)構(gòu)成要素的完整,是遺產(chǎn)區(qū)傳統(tǒng)村落今后發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。
[Abstract]:On the southern bank of the Red River, the southern foothills of Mount Eilau, the villages of the Hani terrace in the Red River are densely distributed in the world's cultural heritage areas, but with the development of recent years, The phenomenon of alienation and even lack of space form and component elements of traditional villages in heritage area. This paper mainly applies field research, field investigation, First of all, the development of Hani villages and the spatial form of traditional villages in heritage areas are deeply analyzed, and the traditional villages of Hani nationality have a set of unique construction mechanism. It is the foundation of the development of the Hani village: the social structure of the village, which is linked by "clan kinship", provides a guarantee for its long-term stability; the "mushroom house", the well of water, the sacrificial house in the traditional village of Hani nationality, The elements of spatial form such as Moqiuchang are the material embodiment of traditional Hani culture, but the traditional villages in the heritage area have gradually shown that the boundary of the village is blurred, the development center of gravity is shifted, the characteristic space is declining, and the spatial texture has been destroyed. In view of the different forms of village space in the present heritage area, the villages in the heritage area are divided into three types: traditional type, coordination type and alienation type, and the characteristics of development and evolution of various villages are summarized. It is concluded that in recent years, the evolution of traditional villages in heritage areas is mainly influenced by the factors such as transportation conditions, tourism development, government policies and residents' ideology. At the same time, the internal social structure of Hani village and the traditional national culture play an important role in protecting the development of the village spatial form. During this period, there are some policies and blind tourism development projects. Such problems as the imbalance of social structure lead to the difficulty of realizing sustainable development in the production and life of residents and the traditional material space. Finally, through the previous analysis and summary, It is known that the realization of the protection and development of the traditional village space form in the heritage area needs to undergo a long process of transformation. As far as its material form is concerned, it is necessary to formulate practical and feasible implementation strategies according to different village types. For the implementation method, it is necessary to affirm the dominant position of the aborigines, formulate reasonable policy guidance, shorten the management path, and encourage the public to participate in the development and construction of villages. Generally speaking, Coordinate the balance between the desire of the outsiders for heritage protection and the needs of the aborigines for the development of living environment, handle the relationship between the protection of the spatial form of traditional villages in the heritage area and the relationship between the main body and the object of each role in the development of the traditional village. The key to the future development of traditional villages in heritage areas is to guide the construction and development of villages and to maintain the integrity of the elements of the spatial form of ethnic villages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU982.29

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