本文選題：被動式住宅　切入點(diǎn)：能耗分析　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：被動式建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是目前國際范圍內(nèi)公認(rèn)的最高等級的建筑節(jié)能標(biāo)準(zhǔn),相對于普通建筑,被動式建筑具有環(huán)保、節(jié)能、高舒適性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),如今被動式建筑在很多國家和地區(qū)得到了推廣和應(yīng)用。我國的嚴(yán)寒和寒冷地區(qū)被動式建筑的發(fā)展相對于我國其它地區(qū)起步較早,其被動式技術(shù)也相對較為成熟,但我國夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式技術(shù)還處于剛剛起步的階段,很多技術(shù)指標(biāo)還有待進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證或研究確定。本文以長興被動房“布魯克”為參考對象,使用清華大學(xué)DEST-c能耗模擬軟件建立南京地區(qū)被動房數(shù)字模型,按照居住建筑的內(nèi)擾及空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行模式對建筑模型的年運(yùn)行能耗進(jìn)行了能耗分析,結(jié)果表明,在被動房新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)具有70%的全熱回收效率的基礎(chǔ)上,建筑的年供暖需求和制冷需求分別為3.38kW·h/(m2·a)和22.45kW·h/(m2·a),各項(xiàng)能耗指標(biāo)完全滿足《被動式超低能耗綠色建筑技術(shù)導(dǎo)則(試行)(居住建筑)》中對夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動房的能耗規(guī)定。寒冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的氣密性要求非常嚴(yán)格,當(dāng)室內(nèi)外壓差為50Pa的情況下要求每小時換氣次數(shù)不大于0.6次,要實(shí)現(xiàn)如此高的氣密性指標(biāo)必須要有特制的建筑外門窗以及非常嚴(yán)苛的氣密性建造工藝。本文以南京為夏熱冬冷地區(qū)代表,選取南京典型居住建筑使用DEST-c能耗模擬軟件按照被動式住宅的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)要求建立被動式住宅數(shù)字模型,對比分析了氣密性對寒冷地區(qū)和夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的重要性,分析結(jié)果表明,夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的氣密性不必如寒冷地區(qū)被動式住宅規(guī)定的那么嚴(yán)格,考慮到高氣密性建設(shè)的成本和收益平衡問題,建議夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的氣密性應(yīng)在寒冷地區(qū)被動式住宅氣密性指標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)下調(diào)。對南京地區(qū)被動式住宅模型進(jìn)行了氣密性分析,結(jié)果表明,高氣密性的被動式住宅于過渡季的表現(xiàn)不如低氣密性的被動式住宅,但被動式住宅于冬夏兩季的氣密性越高越有利于節(jié)能,以《被動式超低能耗綠色建筑技術(shù)導(dǎo)則(試行)(居住建筑)》中對夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的能耗指標(biāo)為判定依據(jù),經(jīng)分析,建議夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)熱工參數(shù)取外墻和屋頂傳熱系數(shù)為0.20W/(m2·K),外窗傳熱系數(shù)為1.0W/(m2·K),此時被動式住宅的氣密性需要剛剛能夠達(dá)到我國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的建筑門窗氣密性等級8級,建議夏熱冬冷地區(qū)被動式住宅的氣密性不要低于此值,若放松對外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)熱工參數(shù)的要求,則被動式住宅的氣密性應(yīng)在建筑門窗氣密性等級能夠剛剛達(dá)到8級的基礎(chǔ)上再次優(yōu)化,以減小室內(nèi)外的自然通風(fēng)換氣次數(shù),從而減小能耗。
[Abstract]:Passive building is currently the highest level of international standards within the scope of the accepted building energy efficiency standards, compared to ordinary buildings, passive building with environmental protection, energy saving, high comfort, now the passive building in many countries and regions have been popularized and applied in our country. The development of passive building in the cold zone relative to other areas I started earlier, the passive technology is relatively mature, but in hot summer and cold winter area passive technology in China is still in its infancy stage, a lot of technical indicators still need further verification or research determined. Taking Changxin passive real "Brook" as the reference object, using the Tsinghua University energy simulation software DEST-c established in Nanjing area passive real digital model according to the operation mode of internal disturbance, and the air conditioning system of residential building annual energy consumption of the building model of energy consumption points Analysis results show that the foundation has the total heat recovery efficiency of 70% in real passive air system, heating and cooling demand year demand of the building were 3.38kW - h/ (M2 - a) and 22.45kW h/ (M2 a), the energy consumption indicators fully meet the "ultra low power passive green building technical guidelines (Trial) (residential buildings) Regulations on energy consumption in hot summer and cold winter area of passive house. > air tightness requirements of passive residential buildings in the cold area is very strict, when the indoor pressure is 50Pa under the condition of demand per hour ventilation number of not more than 0.6 times, to achieve such a high gas tightness index must have special the building doors and windows, and very stringent tightness. The construction process in Nanjing as the representative of hot summer and cold winter area, select a typical residential building in Nanjing using DEST-c simulation software according to the parameters of the passive house requires the establishment of passive house digital mode Type, comparison and analysis of the importance of passive air tightness on residential buildings in the cold area in hot summer and cold winter zone, the analysis results show that the air tightness of the passive house in hot summer and cold winter area do not have to be a passive residential buildings in the cold area prescribed so strict, taking into account the income and balance problems into high airtight construction, proposed air tightness passive house hot summer and cold winter area should be in the cold area passive housing tightness index on the appropriate reduction. The air tightness analysis of passive house model in Nanjing area. The results show that the passive residential high tightness in the transition season as the performance of low air tightness of the passive house, but passive house tightness in the two seasons of winter and summer. More conducive to energy conservation, to "ultra low power passive green building technical guidelines (Trial) (residential buildings) residence on passive energy consumption in hot summer and cold winter area" The index for decision basis, by analysis, suggest that peripheral passive houses in hot summer and cold winter area supporting structure of roof and walls of the thermal parameters of heat transfer coefficient is 0.20W/ (M2 - K) 1.0W/, the window heat transfer coefficient (M2 - K), the air tightness of the passive house requires a level of building doors and windows airtight just to meet the required I the national standard of 8, suggested that air tightness don't passive houses in hot summer and cold winter area is lower than this value, if the relaxation of thermal parameters of the external envelope requirements, while air tightness should be able to reach just passive house based on level 8 re optimization of air tightness of doors and windows in the building level, to reduce the number of natural ventilation inside and outside the chamber thus, reducing energy consumption.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU111.195;TU241

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