本文選題：辦公建筑　切入點：空調(diào)系統(tǒng)　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展和城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的火熱進行,公共建筑的總數(shù)量和總能耗均迅速增長。據(jù)調(diào)查顯示,大部分舊有建筑的能耗較高。因此,建筑的能耗問題已經(jīng)引起了越來越多的關(guān)注。而在建筑能耗中,空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的能耗又占了很大一部分。隨著人們對室內(nèi)環(huán)境舒適度需求的提高,中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的能耗也在逐年增加。有研究表明,根據(jù)建筑物類型的差異,空調(diào)能耗占建筑總能耗的10%~60%。因此,在保持熱舒適的前提下,降低建筑空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能耗成為緩解我國能源緊張,實現(xiàn)建筑節(jié)能的有效措施之一。目前,大部分公共建筑的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)由于設(shè)計或者運行情況的不合理,導(dǎo)致其空調(diào)系統(tǒng)存在諸多問題,如冷水機組和水泵設(shè)計時選型過大,設(shè)備效率達不到額定值,水系統(tǒng)輸送效率低下,系統(tǒng)運行維護管理不及時等現(xiàn)象。這些都使得空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的能耗居高不下,所以這一部分建筑的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能改造迫在眉睫,其節(jié)能潛力也非常巨大。本文以廣州市某辦公建筑為例,對其空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進行節(jié)能改造,并將整個改造流程進行規(guī)范化、細致化的還原。論文對現(xiàn)有的各個評價指標(biāo)進行了分析,優(yōu)選出適合本系統(tǒng)的評價指標(biāo)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能效比EERs,來對整個系統(tǒng)進行評價。經(jīng)計算,該建筑空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能效比為1.85,其限值為2.61,因此,該系統(tǒng)還有一定的節(jié)能空間。在對空調(diào)制冷系統(tǒng)進行測試分析的基礎(chǔ)上,發(fā)現(xiàn)冷水機組大部分時間處于低負荷狀態(tài)下,全年綜合能效比為4.5,在過渡季機組的綜合能效比僅有約4.0;水泵能耗較高,水泵全年電耗占冷水機組全年電耗的59%,且存在較為嚴重的大流量小溫差現(xiàn)象;空調(diào)系統(tǒng)缺少自動控制系統(tǒng),造成系統(tǒng)能耗較大等問題。論文根據(jù)系統(tǒng)存在的問題,提出符合該系統(tǒng)自身特點的改造方案,如將1#螺桿式冷水機組更換為磁懸浮離心式冷水機組,對部分水泵進行更換,深度清洗水系統(tǒng),安裝服務(wù)型能源管理系統(tǒng)等措施,對系統(tǒng)進行節(jié)能改造。并對改造后的節(jié)能效果進行預(yù)測,經(jīng)計算,節(jié)能改造后,冷站的年耗電量為41.5萬kWh,年運行耗電量將減少23.5萬kWh,節(jié)能率可達36%,節(jié)能潛力巨大。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the development of urbanization, the total number of public buildings and the total energy consumption are increasing rapidly. According to the investigation, the energy consumption of most old buildings is relatively high. The problem of building energy consumption has attracted more and more attention. In the building energy consumption, the energy consumption of air conditioning system accounts for a large part. The energy consumption of central air conditioning system is also increasing year by year. According to the difference of building type, the energy consumption of central air conditioning system accounts for 10% of the total building energy consumption. Reducing energy consumption of building air conditioning system has become one of the effective measures to alleviate energy shortage and realize building energy saving in our country. At present, the air conditioning system of most public buildings is not reasonable because of the unreasonable design or operation. As a result, there are many problems in its air conditioning system, such as too large type selection of chillers and pumps, less efficiency of equipment than rated, and low efficiency of water transmission system. These phenomena make the energy consumption of air conditioning system high, so the energy saving reform of air conditioning system in this part of the building is urgent. The energy-saving potential is also very great. This paper takes an office building in Guangzhou as an example, carries on the energy saving transformation to its air conditioning system, and carries on the normalization, the meticulous reduction to the entire transformation flow. The paper has carried on the analysis to each existing appraisal index, The energy efficiency ratio (EER) of air conditioning system is selected to evaluate the whole system. The calculation shows that the energy efficiency ratio of air conditioning system is 1.85, and its limit value is 2.61. The system also has some energy saving space. On the basis of testing and analyzing the air conditioning and refrigeration system, it is found that the chiller is in low load condition for most of the time. The comprehensive energy efficiency ratio is 4.5 in the whole year, and only about 4.0 in the transition season, the energy consumption of the pump is high, the annual electricity consumption of the pump accounts for 59 percent of the annual power consumption of the chiller, and there is a serious phenomenon of large flow rate and small temperature difference. The lack of automatic control system in air conditioning system causes the system to consume more energy, etc. According to the existing problems of the system, the paper puts forward the reform scheme which accords with the characteristics of the system. For example, replacing the 1# screw chillers with magnetic suspension centrifugal chillers, replacing some water pumps, deep cleaning water systems, installing service-type energy management systems, etc. After calculation, the annual power consumption of the cooling station is 415,000 kWhs, the annual operating power consumption will be reduced by 235,000 kWhs, and the energy saving rate can reach 36. The energy saving potential is huge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU831

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本文編號：1631007