本文選題：Yamamoto解析法　切入點(diǎn)：有限元接觸模型　出處：《山東建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：由于塔式起重機(jī)在工作幅度、起升高度、效率等方面具有顯著優(yōu)勢(shì),因此廣泛應(yīng)用于建筑工程,其安全性問(wèn)題不容忽視。螺紋連接在機(jī)械工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用廣泛,可作為一種可拆卸的固定連接,結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,拆卸方便,是塔式起重機(jī)的塔身標(biāo)準(zhǔn)節(jié)采用的主要連接方式之一。在實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中有多種因素會(huì)影響螺紋連接的穩(wěn)定性,例如螺紋牙的選擇、螺距的選取、載荷的方向、載荷的幅值等等。螺栓聯(lián)接的主要失效形式就是自松弛,其導(dǎo)致螺紋副部分的應(yīng)力減小,出現(xiàn)相對(duì)滑移的現(xiàn)象,降低塔機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度,影響塔機(jī)使用過(guò)程中的安全性,嚴(yán)重者會(huì)造成塔機(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)節(jié)的折斷,釀成重大安全事故。本文采用QTZ5510塔式起重機(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)節(jié)螺栓聯(lián)接作為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)建立有限元接觸模型模擬橫向載荷和軸向載荷工況下螺栓聯(lián)接的松動(dòng)過(guò)程,來(lái)了解不同的因素對(duì)螺栓聯(lián)接松動(dòng)的影響。1)對(duì)于螺栓聯(lián)接螺紋副的承載力分布的Yamamoto解析法和Junker松動(dòng)模型進(jìn)行研究,分析螺紋牙的受力并與松動(dòng)模型做了對(duì)比,用該解析法求出預(yù)緊力作用下螺栓聯(lián)接螺紋處承載力分布的解析解。2)采用Pro\E、Hypermesh、Abaqus三種軟件聯(lián)合建模的方式,建立螺栓聯(lián)接的三維有限元接觸模型。先在Pro\E中建立帶有螺旋升角的螺栓聯(lián)接三維有限元模型,再利用Hypermesh進(jìn)行六面體網(wǎng)格劃分以及相關(guān)前處理的設(shè)置,最后導(dǎo)入Abaqus中完成邊界條件的設(shè)置,載荷步的設(shè)置以及預(yù)緊力的施加。采用直接施加預(yù)緊力的方法進(jìn)行了靜態(tài)分析,得出螺紋副承載力分布的模擬解。將解析解和模擬解導(dǎo)入Matlab中做成擬合曲線,通過(guò)對(duì)比采用解析法和模擬法求得的承載力分布曲線,驗(yàn)證了預(yù)緊力施加方法的有效性以及有限元接觸模型的正確性。3)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行橫向動(dòng)態(tài)載荷作用下的動(dòng)態(tài)有限元分析,針對(duì)該型塔機(jī)選取振動(dòng)頻率以及振幅等數(shù)據(jù),研究了夾緊件的振動(dòng)頻率、橫向位移幅值、螺紋副摩擦系數(shù)、承壓面摩擦系數(shù)以及不同的螺距對(duì)螺栓聯(lián)接松動(dòng)的影響。4)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行軸向動(dòng)態(tài)載荷作用下的動(dòng)態(tài)有限元分析,振動(dòng)頻率以及振幅等數(shù)據(jù)和模型受到橫向動(dòng)態(tài)載荷時(shí)保持一致,再次研究了夾緊件的振動(dòng)頻率、橫向位移幅值、螺紋副摩擦系數(shù)、承壓面摩擦系數(shù)以及不同的螺距對(duì)螺栓聯(lián)接松動(dòng)的影響。本文的研究明確了哪些因素的影響較大,有利于規(guī)避不利因素的影響,便于選取合適的螺栓聯(lián)接件來(lái)提高塔機(jī)使用時(shí)的安全性,可以有效防止塔機(jī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)節(jié)的螺栓聯(lián)接出現(xiàn)自松弛的現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于確保塔機(jī)安全,避免重大事故的發(fā)生,降低事故風(fēng)險(xiǎn),具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:Because tower crane has remarkable advantages in working range, lifting height, efficiency and so on, it is widely used in construction engineering, and its safety problem can not be ignored. Thread connection is widely used in mechanical industry. It can be used as a detachable fixed connection with simple structure and convenient disassembly. It is one of the main connection methods used in tower body standard section of tower crane. There are many factors that will affect the stability of thread connection in practical engineering application. For example, the selection of thread teeth, the selection of pitch, the direction of load, the amplitude of load, etc. The main failure form of bolt connection is self-relaxation, which causes the stress of the thread pair to decrease and the phenomenon of relative slip. Reducing the stiffness of tower crane structure, affecting the safety of tower crane in the process of use, the severe tower crane standard section will be broken, resulting in a major safety accident. This paper adopts QTZ5510 tower crane standard joint bolt connection as the research object. A finite element contact model was established to simulate the loosening process of bolt connection under transverse load and axial load. To understand the influence of different factors on bolt joint loosening. 1) the Yamamoto analytical method and Junker loosening model for the distribution of bearing capacity of bolt joint thread pair are studied, and the stress of thread tooth is analyzed and compared with the loosening model. The analytical method is used to calculate the analytical solution of the bearing capacity distribution at the thread of bolt connection under pretightening force. (2) the combined modeling method of Pro\ Hypermesh Abaqus software is used. The 3D finite element contact model of bolt connection was established in Pro\ E, and then the hexahedron mesh was divided by Hypermesh and the relevant pre-processing was set up. Finally, the boundary condition, load step and pretension force are set up in Abaqus, and the static analysis is carried out by the method of directly applying preload force. The analytical solution and the simulated solution are introduced into Matlab to form fitting curve. The distribution curve of bearing capacity is obtained by comparing the analytic method and the simulation method. The validity of the pretightening force application method and the correctness of the finite element contact model. 3) the dynamic finite element analysis of the model under transverse dynamic load is verified. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the tower crane are selected. The vibration frequency, the amplitude of transverse displacement, the friction coefficient of thread pair, the friction coefficient of bearing surface and the influence of different pitch on the loosening of bolt connection are studied. 4) the dynamic finite element analysis of the model under axial dynamic load is carried out. The data and model of vibration frequency and amplitude are consistent when subjected to transverse dynamic load. The vibration frequency, transverse displacement amplitude and friction coefficient of thread pair are studied again. The influence of friction coefficient of bearing surface and different pitch on loosening of bolt joint. The research in this paper has made clear which factors have great influence, which is helpful to avoid the influence of unfavorable factors. It is convenient to select suitable bolt connectors to improve the safety of tower cranes in use, and can effectively prevent the self-relaxation of bolt connections in tower cranes' standard section. To ensure the safety of tower cranes, to avoid the occurrence of serious accidents and to reduce the risk of accidents, It has important application value and practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.3

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