本文選題：微波照射　切入點(diǎn)：花崗巖　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)今的破巖工作中,大多采用微波輔助機(jī)械破巖的方法,首先對巖石進(jìn)行微波照射以降低強(qiáng)度,進(jìn)而采用機(jī)械破碎。為更大程度的降低巖樣強(qiáng)度,提高破巖的工作效率,需對微波照射參數(shù)、冷卻方式、照射及冷卻后巖石內(nèi)部變化及礦物成分等因素進(jìn)行研究。本文將采用試驗(yàn)研究的方法,以陜西秦嶺和河北平山縣花崗巖為主要研究對象,對在微波照射條件下,影響花崗巖損傷的上述因素進(jìn)行研究,主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:(1)從理論方面闡述了微波的加熱原理及巖石的損傷劣化機(jī)制,得出微波照射對巖石造成損傷的主要原因,即巖石內(nèi)部不同礦物具有不同微波吸收率和熱膨脹系數(shù)。在微波照射作用下,巖石中的吸波礦物迅速升溫形成“熱點(diǎn)”,與周圍礦物形成溫度差,進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生熱應(yīng)力,當(dāng)熱應(yīng)力大于巖石抗拉強(qiáng)度即造成巖石損傷。(2)首先采用三組不同的微波照射參數(shù)對花崗巖進(jìn)行照射,隨后進(jìn)行四種不同冷卻方式的冷卻試驗(yàn),最后對巖樣進(jìn)行抗壓強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn),得到如下結(jié)論:在某一功率及時(shí)間,試樣內(nèi)很多礦物發(fā)生熔融和相變,如錫石和石英,礦物的熔融導(dǎo)致巖樣內(nèi)部體積迅速增大,并伴隨熔融物質(zhì)的溢出,經(jīng)對比和推斷,黑色物質(zhì)為錫石;四種冷卻方式能夠不同程度降低巖石試件強(qiáng)度,降低程度從大到小依次為水流沖擊冷卻、浸泡冷卻、噴水冷卻、自然冷卻。(3)采用FLIRT420熱成像儀對照射及冷卻后的巖樣進(jìn)行溫度檢測,分別進(jìn)行點(diǎn)、線、面三方面的溫度測量,得到如下結(jié)論;僅對于本次所有巖樣,內(nèi)部含有錫石礦物的,巖樣溫度能快速升高且能升高達(dá)到的溫度遠(yuǎn)高于其它,宏觀表現(xiàn)為巖樣表面出現(xiàn)裂紋,條數(shù)并增多。
[Abstract]:In today's rock breaking work, microwave assisted mechanical rock breaking method is mostly used. Firstly, microwave irradiation is carried out to reduce the strength of rock, and then mechanical crushing is adopted to reduce the strength of rock sample to a greater extent and improve the working efficiency of rock breaking. It is necessary to study the parameters of microwave irradiation, the cooling mode, the variation of rock interior and mineral composition after irradiation and cooling. In this paper, the main research objects are Qinling granite in Shaanxi Province and Pingshan County in Hebei Province. The above factors affecting the damage of granite under microwave irradiation are studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the principle of microwave heating and the mechanism of damage deterioration of rock are expounded theoretically. The main causes of rock damage caused by microwave irradiation are obtained, that is, different minerals in rock have different microwave absorptivity and thermal expansion coefficient. The wave-absorbing minerals in the rocks rise rapidly to form a "hot spot", which forms a temperature difference with the surrounding minerals, and then produces thermal stress. When the thermal stress is greater than the tensile strength of rock, the damage of rock is caused by three groups of different microwave irradiation parameters, then four cooling tests of different cooling methods are carried out, and finally, the compressive strength of rock samples is tested. The conclusions are as follows: at a certain power and time, many minerals in the sample undergo melting and phase transition, such as cassiterite and quartz. The melting of minerals leads to the rapid increase of the internal volume of the rock sample, and accompanied by the overflow of the molten substance. The black substance is cassiterite, and the four cooling methods can reduce the strength of rock specimen in varying degrees, and the degree of decrease from large to small is water impact cooling, immersion cooling, spray cooling, Natural cooling. 3) the temperature of irradiated and cooled rock samples is measured by FLIRT420 thermal imager, and the temperature measurement of points, lines and surfaces is carried out respectively, and the following conclusions are obtained: for all rock samples, only for this time, there are cassiterite minerals in the inside. The temperature of rock sample can rise rapidly and the temperature that can rise is much higher than that of other samples. The macroscopic manifestation is that cracks appear on the surface of rock sample and the number of strips increases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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