發(fā)布時間：2018-03-06 16:33

  本文選題：傳統(tǒng)民居　切入點：被動式技術(shù)　出處：《湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：湘西地區(qū)是少數(shù)民族聚居的區(qū)域,為夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的氣候,世代生活在湘西地區(qū)的各族人民,在建筑的營建過程中,總結(jié)出了不少具有當?shù)剡m宜性的技術(shù)策略,值得當代建筑設(shè)計所借鑒。但是,也有大量傳統(tǒng)民居由于缺少有機更新,簡單的構(gòu)造致使其熱工性能很差,不能提供良好的室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境,無法滿足現(xiàn)代生活的需要,大量的民居在近年被當?shù)鼐用耖e置和遺棄。因此,有必要從當?shù)貧夂蛱卣骱褪覂?nèi)熱舒適度出發(fā),探討湘西地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居的被動式技術(shù)的適宜性。針對上述問題,筆者展開了如下研究:首先,深入調(diào)研湘西地區(qū)的環(huán)境特征,通過對不同外圍護結(jié)構(gòu)形式的鄉(xiāng)土民居進行調(diào)查,歸納不同鄉(xiāng)土民居的類型,初步發(fā)掘出當?shù)剜l(xiāng)土民居存在的傳統(tǒng)被動式技術(shù)及存在問題,分析湘西傳統(tǒng)民居被動式技術(shù)的適宜性,從自然通風(fēng)與可調(diào)節(jié)空間、結(jié)構(gòu)與構(gòu)造、材料運用等方面探討湘西傳統(tǒng)民居的適宜技術(shù)特征。其次,針對極具特色的高密度窨子屋民居,通過熱環(huán)境、風(fēng)環(huán)境實測,量化分析窨子屋民居的生態(tài)設(shè)計策略,發(fā)掘傳統(tǒng)生態(tài)設(shè)計策略的優(yōu)勢和其良好的氣候適應(yīng)性,探討對當代綠色建筑設(shè)計的借鑒;為了探討其典型三類窨子屋民居的風(fēng)壓通風(fēng)與天井幾何形態(tài)、排放通道的關(guān)系,運用計算流體力學(xué)(CFD)的方法,對自然通風(fēng)情況下的窨子屋風(fēng)環(huán)境進行模擬對比分析,定量地歸納出天井幾何形態(tài)特征、排放通道等因素與天井自然通風(fēng)之間的關(guān)系;為了探討其天井熱壓通風(fēng)與天井幾何形態(tài)的關(guān)系,選取了天井面寬進深比、檐口高度、廳堂進深三個影響因子為控制變量,定量地歸納出天井幾何形態(tài)特征與天井熱壓通風(fēng)之間的關(guān)系。再次,針對熱環(huán)境較差的吞口屋民居,選取具有代表性的湘西傳統(tǒng)民居在冬季和夏季典型日進行熱環(huán)境與風(fēng)環(huán)境實測,確定了當?shù)叵募九c冬季熱中性溫度和可接受溫度范圍,提出被動式節(jié)能技術(shù)改造策略,采用造價低適應(yīng)性強的低技術(shù)手段,利用當?shù)乇就敛牧霞氨粍邮焦?jié)能技術(shù)等措施,通過數(shù)值模擬軟件探討自然通風(fēng)技術(shù)、墻體隔熱保溫設(shè)計、窗戶材料等被動式節(jié)能技術(shù)對室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境改善的影響。最后,通過正交試驗的對比分析,對于窨子屋傳統(tǒng)民居提出一種最優(yōu)的熱壓通風(fēng)技術(shù)綜合設(shè)計方案,對于吞口屋傳統(tǒng)民居提出一種最優(yōu)的被動式技術(shù)綜合設(shè)計方案,并對其進行經(jīng)濟效益分析,提出湘西地區(qū)適宜性的被動式技術(shù)綜合設(shè)計方案,以改善當?shù)厝司迎h(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Xiangxi is a region inhabited by ethnic minorities. For the climate of hot summer and cold winter, the people of all nationalities living in Xiangxi for generations have summed up many technical strategies with local suitability in the process of building and construction. However, due to the lack of organic renewal and simple structure, a large number of traditional houses have poor thermal performance and can not provide a good indoor thermal environment and can not meet the needs of modern life. A large number of houses have been left idle and abandoned by local residents in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the suitability of passive technology for traditional residential buildings in western Hunan based on the local climate characteristics and indoor thermal comfort. The author has carried out the following research: first, deeply investigate the environmental characteristics of western Hunan region, through the investigation of the different forms of external enclosure structure of local houses, summed up the different types of local houses, This paper preliminarily excavates the traditional passive technology and existing problems of the local vernacular houses, analyzes the suitability of the passive technology of the traditional residential houses in the west of Hunan, from the natural ventilation and adjustable space, the structure and the structure, The appropriate technical characteristics of traditional residential buildings in western Hunan were discussed. Secondly, the ecological design strategies of cellar houses were quantitatively analyzed through the measurement of thermal environment and wind environment. To explore the advantages of the traditional ecological design strategy and its good climate adaptability, to explore the reference to the contemporary green building design, and to explore the relationship between the wind pressure ventilation of the typical three kinds of cellar houses, the geometry of the patio and the discharge passage, By using the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFDs), this paper makes a comparative analysis of the sub-cellar wind environment under natural ventilation, and concludes quantitatively the relationship between the geometric characteristics of the patio, the discharge channel and the natural ventilation of the patio. In order to study the relationship between hot pressure ventilation and geometry of the patio, three influencing factors, such as the ratio of width to depth, the height of cornice and the depth of hall, were selected as control variables. The relationship between the geometric characteristics of the patio and the hot pressure ventilation of the patio is summarized quantitatively. Thirdly, aiming at the residential houses with poor thermal environment, The representative traditional residential buildings in western Hunan are selected to measure the thermal environment and wind environment in winter and summer, and the range of local thermal neutral temperature and acceptable temperature in summer and winter are determined, and the passive energy saving technology renovation strategy is put forward. By means of low technology with low cost and strong adaptability, using local materials and passive energy saving technology, the natural ventilation technology and wall insulation and heat preservation design are discussed by numerical simulation software. Effects of passive Energy-saving techniques such as window Materials on the improvement of Indoor Thermal Environment. Finally, through the comparative analysis of orthogonal experiments, an optimal comprehensive design scheme of hot press ventilation technology for traditional houses in cellar houses is put forward. This paper puts forward an optimal passive technology comprehensive design scheme for the traditional residential buildings in the swallow-mouth house, analyzes its economic benefits, and puts forward the suitable passive technical comprehensive design scheme in the west of Hunan to improve the local living environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU241.5

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