本文選題：基坑降水　切入點：建(構)筑物　出處：《西安工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：超高層建(構)筑物不斷在城市人口密集區(qū)域涌現(xiàn),隨之出現(xiàn)了許多大深基坑工程。在對大深基坑開挖降水過程中,極易引起周邊地表沉降以及周邊建(構)筑物損壞,進而對人員與財產(chǎn)造成不可挽回的損失。因此,為了及時規(guī)避風險,減少損失,有必要預先對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響進行有效地評估。本文將黃土地區(qū)基坑開挖降水引起周邊建(構)筑物損壞評價作為研究的重點,以模糊綜合評價法與突變理論評價法作為研究手段,最后在通過與現(xiàn)場實際情況進行對比,得到了一些成果。1.總結了黃土基坑開挖降水對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的因素。根據(jù)大量有關基坑開挖降水對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的資料,歸納出影響建(構)筑物損壞的主要因素指標為基坑自身設計、施工、建筑物自身特點,又將主要因素指標進一步細分為有代表性的12個子因素指標。結果表明,這些主要因素對于評價黃土基坑開挖降水影響建筑物損壞程度大小有重要的作用。2.運用模糊綜合評價法對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的研究。將黃土基坑開挖降水對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響作為評價對象,建立了以該評價對象為目標的層次式結構體系,利用層次分析法確定了影響建筑物損壞的因素指標權重并將各因素指標劃分為4個等級,最后結合模糊數(shù)學相關理論,確立了基于黃土基坑開挖降水對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的模糊綜合評價模型。針對基坑周邊砌體結構建筑物,設計了黃土基坑開挖降水對建筑物損壞程度的鑒定表并結合工程實例進行了仿真評價,驗證了該模型的合理性。結果表明,該模糊數(shù)學綜合評價模型實現(xiàn)了對周邊建筑物損壞程度的有效評判,且優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗判別法。3.運用突變理論評價法對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的研究。首先基于突變級數(shù)理論,對黃土基坑開挖降水影響建(構)筑物損壞的主要因素(基坑自身設計、施工、建筑物自身特點)進行多層次分解,將元素指標數(shù)據(jù)進行歸一化處理,結合突變級數(shù)理論,進行量化計算,構建了建(構)筑物損壞評價模型,得到了黃土基坑開挖降水對周邊建(構)筑物損壞評價的4個級別標準,分別為輕微、中等、嚴重與很嚴重。針對基坑周邊砌體結構建筑物,設計了建筑物損壞程度鑒定表并通過工程實例驗證了模型的合理性。結果表明,該突變級數(shù)模型實現(xiàn)了對周邊建(構)筑物損壞影響的有效評價。該模型計算簡便,具有較好操作性與實用性,沒有對因素指標采用權重,降低了主觀臆斷性。4.評價體系結果合理性對比分析研究。將兩種評價方法的優(yōu)缺點以及兩種評價方法對目標評價的結果與現(xiàn)場觀察的情況進行了對比分析。結果表明,兩種評價方法均能夠有效地評價黃土基坑開挖降水影響周邊建筑物損壞的情況且評價結果合理可靠。5.提出了減少基坑開挖降水引起的地面沉降以及周邊建(構)筑物損壞的工程措施�；诨咏邓鸬孛娉两档囊�(guī)律,提出了一些工程措施如間歇性降水、采用止水帷幕、基坑回灌。結果表明,這些措施能夠有效地減小與控制地面沉降和周邊建筑物的損壞,收到了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:High-rise building (structure) of buildings in the city populated area continue to emerge, along with the emergence of many large deep excavation in the excavation of deep foundation pit. The precipitation process, extremely easy to cause the surrounding ground settlement and the surrounding construction (structure) of buildings damaged, causing irreparable loss of personnel and property. Therefore, in order to avoid risks, reduce losses, it is necessary to advance to the Zhou Bianjian building (structures) damage effectively evaluation. This paper will cause the surrounding construction excavation pit precipitation in loess area (structure) of buildings damage evaluation as the focus of the study, using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and catastrophe theory evaluation method as the research method, finally through the compared with the actual situation, and obtain some results.1. summarized the loess foundation pit excavation and precipitation on the surrounding built (structure) of buildings damaged. Influence factors of foundation pit excavation and dewatering according to a large number of Zhou Bianjian building (structure) The influence of material damage, and summed up the impact of building (structure) the main factors of building damage for foundation pit design, construction, building its own characteristics, and the main factors are further subdivided into 12 sub indexes of representative factors. The results show that these factors have an important role for.2. in the use of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method on the surrounding built for evaluation of loess foundation pit excavation and dewatering effect of building damage degree (structure) of building damage. The loess foundation pit excavation and precipitation on the surrounding built buildings (structures) damage as the evaluation object, established a hierarchical structure system based on the evaluation objects, using AHP to determine the weight the influence factors of building damage and divides the index into 4 levels, combining the relevant theory of fuzzy mathematics to establish drop water on loess foundation pit excavation (based on surrounding buildings Structure) fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of building damage. The pit surrounding masonry structure building design, the Loess excavation precipitation on the building damage degree identification table combined with the engineering examples of simulation and evaluation, to validate the rationality of the model. The results show that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model to realize the effective evaluation on the surrounding buildings the extent of the damage, and is better than the traditional empirical discriminant method.3. using catastrophe theory evaluation method on the surrounding built (structure) of building damage effects. Based on the catastrophe theory, the Loess excavation precipitation is built (structure) main factors of building damage (pit design, construction, characteristics of the building) multi-level decomposition, the element index data are normalized according to the catastrophe progression theory, quantitative calculation, construction of the building (structure) building damage evaluation model is obtained The loess foundation pit excavation and precipitation on the surrounding built (structure) 4 level building damage assessment, were mild, moderate, severe and very severe. The pit surrounding masonry buildings, designed the building damage degree identification form and the rationality of the model is verified by engineering examples. The results show that the mutation series model the surrounding building (structure) to build effective evaluation of influence of damage. The model is simple, has good operability and practicability, without using the weight factors of the index, reduce the subjective evaluation results.4. rational comparison analysis. The advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of evaluation methods and two kinds of evaluation methods target evaluation results and field observations carried out comparative analysis. The results showed that two kinds of evaluation methods can effectively evaluate the Loess excavation situation surrounding buildings damaged precipitation. Moreover, the evaluation result is reasonable and reliable.5. is proposed and the surrounding building settlement reduce excavation caused by precipitation and ground engineering measures building (structure). The damage caused by dewatering of foundation pit ground settlement based on the law, puts forward some engineering measures such as intermittent rainfall, the water curtain pit recharge. The results show that these measures can effectively reduce the damage and control of ground settlement and surrounding buildings, received good results.

【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU753;TU746

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