本文關(guān)鍵詞： 供暖系統(tǒng) 尾氣能量回收器 直接換熱 安全節(jié)能 數(shù)值模擬 實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：冬季供暖對城市穩(wěn)定和居民生活影響很大,舒適的居住和工作環(huán)境能夠體現(xiàn)社會的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展。據(jù)初步估算,我國每年平均用于冬季供暖所消耗的能源量折合成人民幣約為700億元,占全國能源總消費(fèi)的1/4。現(xiàn)有的供暖系統(tǒng)普遍存在“低安全、高耗能、高污染”問題,構(gòu)建“安全、節(jié)能、清潔”的供熱系統(tǒng),意義重大,任重而道遠(yuǎn)。本文結(jié)合目前冬季日常供暖情況,設(shè)計(jì)一套新型獨(dú)立分戶式供暖系統(tǒng)。供暖系統(tǒng)主要包括供暖裝置、供暖自控系統(tǒng)、供暖安全啟閉閥、供暖換熱水池等幾個(gè)部分,采用直接接觸式傳熱技術(shù),強(qiáng)制流動(dòng)順流式熱水供暖,集成安全、用水、燃燒連鎖控制功能。對供暖系統(tǒng)中各項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)性能開展模擬和測試研究,并分析供暖系統(tǒng)能量損耗及污染問題,提出有效改善措施,力求實(shí)現(xiàn)冬季供暖更安全、更環(huán)保、更高效。采用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)Fluent軟件,基于Realizable k-ε湍流模型、DPM離散相模型和混合組分輸運(yùn)模型,對系統(tǒng)供熱之源——供暖裝置內(nèi)部氣水直接接觸式換熱過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究。研究結(jié)果表明:供暖裝置內(nèi)部負(fù)壓分布穩(wěn)定,且遠(yuǎn)低于大氣壓力,無“爆炸”安全隱患;進(jìn)氣口右端高溫氣體擴(kuò)散區(qū),氣水熱質(zhì)交換效果最佳;氣水接觸換熱產(chǎn)生了大量的水蒸氣,排放尾氣溫度較高,供暖裝置內(nèi)部工況較差,濕度較大。參照GB/T10180-2003相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),開展供暖系統(tǒng)供熱實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。得出日常供熱工作的各項(xiàng)熱工參數(shù)(如:供熱熱量、流量、尾氣溫度等)。通過正平衡法,計(jì)算出供暖系統(tǒng)整機(jī)供熱效率為83.8%。針對系統(tǒng)排放尾氣的余熱及水蒸氣浪費(fèi)問題,提出安裝尾氣能量回收裝置,回收尾氣能量,實(shí)現(xiàn)尾氣能量再利用。采用熱管與冷凝雙重能量回收技術(shù),研發(fā)出一款尾氣能量回收器,其主要受熱載體為外縱向翅片管,內(nèi)部換熱面積高達(dá)4.2m2。在尾氣能量回收效果測試中,尾氣能量回收器回收尾氣熱量為90.4kJ/s,供暖系統(tǒng)整機(jī)工作效率可提高1.5%。尾氣能量回收器內(nèi)部溫差5.43℃,水蒸氣溫度驟降,遇冷凝結(jié),被回收。同時(shí)尾氣可凝污染物溶于冷凝水中,排放物得到了凈化,有效緩解了大氣熱污染和顆粒物污染。為掌握供暖系統(tǒng)中供暖裝置與尾氣能量回收器實(shí)際工作情況,開展整機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)測試。測試結(jié)果表明:換熱系統(tǒng)整體水溫平均每小時(shí)升高4.619℃。其中,供暖裝置換熱量占總換熱量的76%;尾氣能量回收器換熱量占總換熱量的24%。本文是對供暖系統(tǒng)研究的一次創(chuàng)新嘗試,形成了一套較為完整成型的供熱研究體系,研究成果具有一定的實(shí)用價(jià)值,可為后續(xù)進(jìn)一步研究工作提供參考與借鑒。
[Abstract]:Winter heating has a great impact on urban stability and residents' lives. A comfortable living and working environment can reflect the progress and development of society. According to preliminary estimates, The average annual energy consumption for heating in winter in China is about 70 billion yuan, accounting for 1 / 4 of the total energy consumption in the country. The existing heating systems generally have the problems of "low safety, high energy consumption and high pollution" and construct "safety and energy conservation." The clean heating system is of great significance and has a long way to go. According to the current situation of daily heating in winter, this paper designs a new type of independent household heating system. The heating system mainly includes heating equipment, heating automatic control system, Heating safety valve, heat exchanger pool and other parts, using direct contact heat transfer technology, forced flow downstream hot water heating, integrated safety, water, The function of combustion chain control. The key technical performance of heating system is simulated and tested, and the problems of energy loss and pollution of heating system are analyzed, and effective improvement measures are put forward to realize more safe and environmentally friendly heating in winter. Using CFD fluent software, based on Realizable k- 蔚 turbulence model, DPM discrete phase model and mixed component transport model. A numerical simulation study on the gas-water direct contact heat transfer process in the heating system is carried out. The results show that the distribution of negative pressure in the heating device is stable and far lower than the atmospheric pressure, and there is no "explosion" safety hazard. In the high temperature gas diffusion zone at the right end of the inlet, the effect of gas-water heat and mass exchange is the best, the gas-water contact heat transfer produces a large amount of water vapor, the exhaust gas temperature is high, the internal working condition of the heating device is poor, and the humidity is larger. Referring to the GB/T10180-2003 standard, The experimental study of heating system is carried out. The thermal parameters of daily heating work (such as heat supply, flow rate, tail gas temperature, etc.) are obtained. The heating efficiency of the whole heating system is calculated to be 83.8%. In view of the waste heat of exhaust gas and the waste of water vapor, the installation of exhaust gas energy recovery device is put forward to recover the exhaust gas energy. Using heat pipe and condensation dual energy recovery technology, a exhaust energy recovery device is developed. The main heat carrier is external longitudinal finned tube, and the internal heat transfer area is up to 4.2 m2. In the test of tail gas energy recovery effect, The exhaust heat recovered by the exhaust energy collector is 90.4 kJ / s, and the working efficiency of the whole heating system can be improved by 1.5 鈩，

本文編號：1548231