本文關鍵詞： 海綿城市 小城鎮(zhèn) 雨洪災害 安全評價 優(yōu)化策略　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：當前世界各國城市的雨洪災害的發(fā)生頻次增多、波及范圍廣、災害損失愈發(fā)嚴重。隨著現(xiàn)今社會經濟的發(fā)展,及人們需求的改變,人們面對災害已經不僅僅局限于消極應對,如何利用生態(tài)措施及手段對城鎮(zhèn)的雨洪災害進行合理的控制、提高城鎮(zhèn)對雨洪的適應性,減輕雨洪災害對城鎮(zhèn)及人的生命財產造成的巨大損失已經成為現(xiàn)今的熱點。課題以城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價為主線,以災害風險分析為依據(jù),整合傳統(tǒng)的雨洪災害安全規(guī)劃模式,從海綿城市的生態(tài)建設措施與災害學及城鎮(zhèn)的防災減災融合的視角探討城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的安全評價及優(yōu)化策略研究。初步構建起城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價體系,運用主成分的定量方法進行分析,尋找對小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害影響最大的風險因子,提出針對性的策略,為綜合性的解決城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害問題、使城市在防災減災的同時更能夠保障城鎮(zhèn)的生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,并提供一種科學的理論支撐與方法平臺。論文首先論述了基于海綿城市理論的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價的基礎研究。包括海綿城市理論、小城鎮(zhèn)的概念界定以及雨洪災害風險的相關理論,提出小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價的構成體系,為后續(xù)的研究工作做好基礎理論的鋪墊。論文采用風險分析、主成分分析等科學方法,推進基于海綿城市的小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價的深入研究,通過對小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的形成原因的分析基礎上進行小城鎮(zhèn)的雨洪災害風險分析,梳理小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的風險因素,分析小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的致災因子、承災體易損性、孕災環(huán)境敏感性。在此基礎上,結合海綿城市建設控制指標,擬定小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價指標體系,運用定量的技術手段進行分析,得出對小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價影響最重要的主成分影響因子,針對分析得出的對雨洪災害影響最大的主成分指標所反映的風險因子進行優(yōu)化,指導小城鎮(zhèn)的安全規(guī)劃,并整合以往的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全規(guī)劃及海綿城市規(guī)劃的生態(tài)手段,從多方面提出科學的、綜合的小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全優(yōu)化,最后,通過運用實際案例對小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全評價體系進行分析驗證,提出針對性的城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害安全規(guī)劃優(yōu)化對策,以此推動城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的安全規(guī)劃,豐富其研究內容,降低小城鎮(zhèn)雨洪災害的風險及災害帶來的損失和影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy and the change of people's needs, people are facing disasters not only in negative ways, but also in negative ways. How to make use of ecological measures and means to reasonably control the rain flood disaster in cities and towns, and to improve the adaptability of cities and towns to rain floods, It has become a hot spot to reduce the huge loss of life and property caused by rain flood disaster in cities and towns. The main line of the subject is the safety evaluation of urban rain flood disaster and the integration of traditional safety planning mode of rain flood disaster based on disaster risk analysis. From the perspective of ecological construction measures of sponge city and disaster prevention and mitigation in cities and towns, this paper discusses the safety evaluation and optimization strategy of urban rain flood disaster, and preliminarily constructs the safety evaluation system of urban rain flood disaster. By using the quantitative method of principal component to find the risk factors that have the greatest influence on the rain flood disaster in small towns, the paper puts forward some targeted strategies to solve the problem of urban rain flood disaster synthetically. To ensure the ecological sustainable development of cities and towns while preventing and reducing disasters, And provides a scientific theoretical support and method platform. Firstly, the paper discusses the basic research of urban rain flood safety evaluation based on sponge city theory, including sponge city theory, The definition of the concept of small town and the related theory of rain flood disaster risk, the constitution system of rain flood disaster safety evaluation of small town is put forward, which lays the foundation for the following research work. The principal component analysis and other scientific methods are used to promote the deep research on the safety evaluation of rain flood disasters in small towns based on sponge cities. Based on the analysis of the causes of rain and flood disasters in small towns, the risk analysis of rain flood disasters in small towns is carried out. Combing the risk factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, analyzing the disaster factors of rain flood disasters in small towns, the vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies and the sensitivity of disaster preparedness environment. On this basis, combined with the construction control index of sponge cities, the risk factors of rainflood disasters in small towns are analyzed. Draw up the evaluation index system of rain flood disaster safety in small town, use quantitative technical means to carry on the analysis, get the most important principal component influence factor to the small town rain flood disaster safety evaluation, In view of the risk factors reflected by the principal component index, which has the greatest impact on rain and flood disasters, the risk factors are optimized to guide the safety planning of small towns, and to integrate the ecological means of the former urban safety planning of rain and flood disasters and the planning of sponge cities. This paper puts forward the scientific and comprehensive safety optimization of rainwater disaster in small towns from many aspects. Finally, the paper analyzes and verifies the safety evaluation system of rainflood disasters in small towns by using practical cases. In order to promote the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters, to enrich the research contents, and to reduce the risk of rain-flood disasters and the loss and impact of disasters in small towns, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to optimize the safety planning of urban rain-flood disasters.
【學位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU992;TU998.4

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