本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生物滯留 道路雨水 四種植物 適應(yīng)能力 污染物去除率　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著生態(tài)園林城市的推進(jìn)和海綿城市概念的提出,雨水收集利用技術(shù)等得到了越來越多的關(guān)注和應(yīng)用,尤其是低影響開發(fā)技術(shù)(Low Impact Development,LID)得到了迅速的發(fā)展。而生物滯留設(shè)施作為其最具代表性的措施,成為未來可以大規(guī)模推廣的生態(tài)舉措。本文通過模擬自然降雨強(qiáng)度與道路雨水污染物,在生物滯留設(shè)施基質(zhì)相同的條件下進(jìn)行控制變量試驗(yàn),比較探究四種植物組成的生物滯留系統(tǒng)滯蓄與凈化道路雨水的效用。首先,比較生物滯留系統(tǒng)中的四種植物,分別是頭花蓼(Polygonum capitatum)、玉龍草(Ophiopogon bodinieri)、狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)、地瓜藤(Ficus tikoua)與整體生物滯留系統(tǒng)的滯蓄和凈化道路雨水的效用。其次,對四種植物的耐水淹和抗干旱能力進(jìn)行綜合能力的比較。第三,對添加了覆蓋層(沸石、火山巖)的生物滯留系統(tǒng)去除道路雨水徑流污染物的效果進(jìn)行了初步的探討。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)植物層滯留雨水時(shí)間為4.8-14.0 h,系統(tǒng)可以滯留雨水7.0-17.9 h,且隨著進(jìn)水量的加大,植物層和系統(tǒng)層的差異顯著(P0.05)。在基質(zhì)相同的條件下,同種植物在不同進(jìn)水量情況下滯留雨水時(shí)間差異極顯著(P0.01),不同植物在相同進(jìn)水量條件下滯留雨水時(shí)間差異顯著(P0.05)。(2)三種降雨強(qiáng)度,不同的植物系統(tǒng),蒸發(fā)與植物蒸騰量不超過總雨量的7%,每立方米的生物滯留系統(tǒng)基質(zhì)蓄水量穩(wěn)定在13.68 L。(3)四種植物在不同水分處理的適應(yīng)能力均可作為道路地被植物,且依次推薦為狼尾草,頭花蓼,地瓜藤,玉龍草。(4)(1)植物層能夠中和弱酸性道路雨水徑流,且基質(zhì)中和弱酸性道路雨水徑流的效用大于植物層,經(jīng)過基質(zhì)滲透過濾后,酸堿度在植物過濾的基礎(chǔ)上平均升高0.59。(2)對于道路徑流雨水污染物污染物COD、TN、TP的去除,植物與系統(tǒng)出水口的徑流TN值差異極顯著(P0.01),系統(tǒng)效果明顯好于植物單一效果;(3)植物對COD的去除率從大到小依次為頭花蓼,狼尾草,玉龍草,地瓜藤。(4)植物層去除TN不穩(wěn)定,植物層與系統(tǒng)測得的去除率不成正相關(guān),去除率從大到小排列為狼尾草頭花蓼玉龍草地瓜藤。整體系統(tǒng)TN去除率從大到小為頭花蓼狼尾草地瓜藤玉龍草。(5)對TP的去除也較為不穩(wěn)定,總體上植物層與系統(tǒng)層的去除率呈正相關(guān)。按照去除TP率的大小依次是,狼尾草,地瓜藤,頭花蓼,玉龍草。(5)總體上,添加了兩種覆蓋物使得生物滯留系統(tǒng)的COD去除率平均提高8.32%,TN去除率平均提高12.61%,TP去除率平均提高9.23%。兩種覆蓋層對pH值沒有明顯影響;對COD的去除,沸石和生物滯留系統(tǒng)的整體搭配效果比火山巖和生物滯留系統(tǒng)的整體搭配好;對TN和TP的去除,火山巖和生物滯留系統(tǒng)的整體搭配效果比沸石和生物滯留系統(tǒng)的整體搭配好。
[Abstract]:With the advance of ecological garden city and the concept of sponge city, Rain Water collection and utilization technology has been paid more and more attention and application. In particular, low Impact Development (lid), a low-impact development technology, has been rapidly developed, and biological detention facilities are the most representative measure. This paper simulates the natural rainfall intensity and the road Rain Water pollutant, and carries on the control variable experiment under the condition of the same substrate of the biological detention facility. This paper compares the effects of the four kinds of plants in the biological retention system and the purification road Rain Water. Firstly, the four species of plants in the biological retention system are compared. They are Polygonum capitatum and Ophiopogon bodinieri. Penisetum alopecuroides. Ficus tikoua) and the utility of the whole biological retention system of the stagnant storage and purification road Rain Water. The comprehensive ability of water flooding tolerance and drought resistance of four plants was compared. Thirdly, the overlay (zeolite) was added. The main results are as follows: 1) the Rain Water time in plant layer is 4.8-14.0 h. The system can stay in Rain Water 7.0-17.9 h, and with the increase of influent amount, the difference between plant layer and system layer is significant (P0.05). The retention time of the same plant under different water intake was significantly different (P0.01). Under the same water intake condition, different plants have significant difference in the retention time of Rain Water (P0.05N. 2) three rainfall intensity, different plant system, evaporation and plant transpiration less than 7% of the total rainfall. The adaptability of four plants to different water treatments can be used as land cover plants for road, and recommended as Wolfspruce in turn. The substrate water storage capacity of each cubic meter of biological retention system is stable at 13.68 L 路m ~ (3) 路m ~ (-1). The plant layer can neutralize the Rain Water runoff of weak acid road, and the utility of substrate neutralizing Rain Water runoff on weak acid road is greater than that of plant layer. The average increase of pH on the basis of plant filtration was 0.59.02) and the removal of pollutants from road runoff, Rain Water pollutant, COD ~ (2 +) ~ (+) ~ (2 +) TNTP was studied. The difference of TN value between plant and system outlet was significant (P0.01), and the effect of system was better than that of single plant. (3) the removal rate of COD from big to small is Polygonum capitatum, Lyrtle, Magnolia, Thunb. 4) the removal rate of TN in plant layer is unstable, and the removal rate of plant layer is not positive correlation with the removal rate measured by the system. The removal rate was arranged from big to small to the leaves of Polygonum hydropiper. The removal rate of TN in the whole system was also unstable from big to small. On the whole, the removal rate of plant layer was positively correlated with the removal rate of system layer. According to the removal rate of TP, the order of removal rate was, the order of removal rate was: Wolfgrass, melon vine, Polygonum capitatum, Yolongcao. 5) on the whole. With the addition of two kinds of mulch, the average COD removal rate of the biological retention system was increased by 8.32% and the average removal rate of TN was increased by 12.61%. The average removal rate of TP was increased by 9.23.The two coatings had no significant effect on pH value. For the removal of COD, the overall collocation effect of zeolite and biological retention system is better than that of volcanic rock and biological retention system. For the removal of TN and TP, the overall collocation of volcanic rock and bioretention system is better than that of zeolite and bioretention system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU992;TV213.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王怡憬;秦華;;園林植物景觀在海綿城市建設(shè)中的應(yīng)用[J];現(xiàn)代園藝;2016年23期

2 沈楊霞;張建林;;海綿城市中植物景觀的品種選擇[J];現(xiàn)代園藝;2016年21期

3 宋芳曉;張海榮;;我國海綿城市建設(shè)管理的問題和策略探析[J];城市發(fā)展研究;2016年10期

4 金生英;徐玲;鄒福禎;張馨予;鐘杰姿;;綠色屋頂雨水利用在綠色建筑中的作用[J];中國園藝文摘;2016年10期

5 王穎;;老城區(qū)建設(shè)海綿城市的措施研究[J];住宅與房地產(chǎn);2016年24期

6 類延輝;吳靜;;英國海綿社區(qū)可持續(xù)排水體系設(shè)計(jì)[J];城市住宅;2016年07期

7 高菲;;海綿城市建設(shè)——低影響開發(fā)綠色雨水設(shè)施的植物運(yùn)用[J];中外建筑;2016年07期

8 張軍;董彩麗;朱良盼;李治陽;;設(shè)計(jì)配置對生物滯留設(shè)施污染物去除性能的影響研究[J];環(huán)境工程;2016年09期

9 劉頌;李春暉;;澳大利亞水敏性城市轉(zhuǎn)型歷程及其啟示[J];風(fēng)景園林;2016年06期

10 劉昌明;張永勇;王中根;王月玲;白鵬;;維護(hù)良性水循環(huán)的城鎮(zhèn)化LID模式:海綿城市規(guī)劃方法與技術(shù)初步探討[J];自然資源學(xué)報(bào);2016年05期

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前1條

1 李俊奇;王文亮;;海綿城市是城市建設(shè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要方式[N];中國建設(shè)報(bào);2015年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉家琳;基于雨洪管理的節(jié)約型園林綠地設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 景天奕;海綿城市目標(biāo)下的居住區(qū)低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng)模型設(shè)計(jì)[D];南京大學(xué);2016年

2 王耀磊;基于海綿城市建設(shè)的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目雨水集蓄利用技術(shù)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

3 王景;基于低影響開發(fā)（LID）理念的城市公園規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

4 弓亞棟;建設(shè)海綿城市的研究與實(shí)踐探索[D];長安大學(xué);2015年

5 宋珊珊;基于低影響開發(fā)的場地規(guī)劃與雨水花園設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

6 劉冬冬;武漢市東湖片區(qū)綠色雨水基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施優(yōu)化策略研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

7 李大超;生物滯留設(shè)施在北方濱水地區(qū)的研究與應(yīng)用[D];吉林建筑大學(xué);2014年

8 郭烙，

本文編號：1493798