某機(jī)電安裝公司項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)效率評(píng)價(jià)研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 建筑工程 機(jī)電安裝 生產(chǎn)效率評(píng)價(jià) DEA 出處:《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:建筑業(yè)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中占據(jù)著非常重要的地位,同時(shí),機(jī)電安裝又是建筑工程中非常重要的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),直接關(guān)系到后期建筑使用功能及舒適程度。近年來(lái),隨著建筑業(yè)整體業(yè)績(jī)下滑,市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈,對(duì)于機(jī)電安裝施工企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),急需通過(guò)不斷的提高自身效率、增強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。項(xiàng)目是施工企業(yè)的基本單元,企業(yè)整體業(yè)績(jī)的提升需要從項(xiàng)目著手,但同時(shí)企業(yè)又缺乏對(duì)項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行精確評(píng)判的手段,通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的業(yè)績(jī)結(jié)果無(wú)法直觀掌握項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)的有效程度。因此,如何運(yùn)用科學(xué)的方法來(lái)評(píng)判項(xiàng)目層面施工效率的優(yōu)劣,獎(jiǎng)優(yōu)罰劣,針對(duì)性的改進(jìn),提高公司整體效率是一個(gè)具有重要意義的課題。本文以某建筑機(jī)電安裝公司的工程項(xiàng)目為研究對(duì)象,選用DEA方法,通過(guò)建立評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)機(jī)電工程生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)計(jì)算,得到各個(gè)項(xiàng)目的有效性排序。本文首先對(duì)研究的目的和意義進(jìn)行明晰,對(duì)既有的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行分析總結(jié),確定了文章的研究方法與研究?jī)?nèi)容。在提出問(wèn)題后,介紹了生產(chǎn)效率以及生產(chǎn)效率評(píng)價(jià)的基本概念,對(duì)比了常用的效率評(píng)價(jià)方法,選擇DEA作為本文生產(chǎn)效率研究的方法。通過(guò)對(duì)DEA方法基本原理及模型的介紹,明確了 DEA效率評(píng)價(jià)的步驟。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合建筑機(jī)電施工特點(diǎn),建立了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,選取“人工費(fèi)、材料費(fèi)、機(jī)械費(fèi)、管理費(fèi)、工期”作為投入指標(biāo),“利潤(rùn)、產(chǎn)值”作為產(chǎn)出指標(biāo),收集某機(jī)電安裝公司近期16個(gè)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際成本數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用DEAP2.1軟件、MATLAB R2014a軟件進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,評(píng)價(jià)其生產(chǎn)效率。本文運(yùn)用DEA方法對(duì)項(xiàng)目的生產(chǎn)效率有效性進(jìn)行排序,考慮到傳統(tǒng)DEA方法的局限性,通過(guò)引入交叉效率評(píng)價(jià)方法,得到了一種更為科學(xué)的項(xiàng)目有效性排序方式。通過(guò)排序,即可得知項(xiàng)目之間的相對(duì)有效性,對(duì)項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)的管理水平進(jìn)行評(píng)判。DEA還可以通過(guò)研究相對(duì)無(wú)效項(xiàng)目各指標(biāo)的偏差情況,找到項(xiàng)目相對(duì)無(wú)效的原因,對(duì)相對(duì)效率不足項(xiàng)目的管理團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的督促培訓(xùn),在接下來(lái)的項(xiàng)目管理中改進(jìn)自己的工作方法與思路。除了對(duì)已完工項(xiàng)目的評(píng)判與排序,還可以應(yīng)用于新開(kāi)工項(xiàng)目的過(guò)程實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的效率偏低現(xiàn)象,有針對(duì)性的提出解決問(wèn)題并提高效率的思路,為以后的項(xiàng)目管理提供一定的借鑒,為該公司機(jī)電安裝工程生產(chǎn)效率的提高提供一定的理論支持。對(duì)于該機(jī)電安裝公司具有較大的實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:The construction industry occupies a very important position in the national economy, at the same time, the electromechanical installation is also a very important link in the building engineering, directly related to the later building use function and comfort degree in recent years. With the decline of the overall performance of the construction industry, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce, for the mechanical and electrical installation construction enterprises, it is urgent to improve their own efficiency. The project is the basic unit of the construction enterprise. The improvement of the overall performance of the enterprise needs to start from the project, but at the same time, the enterprise lacks the means to accurately judge the project production efficiency. Through the traditional results of performance can not directly grasp the effective degree of project production. Therefore, how to use scientific methods to judge the quality of construction efficiency at the project level, rewards and penalties, targeted improvement. Improving the overall efficiency of the company is an important issue. This paper takes the engineering project of a building mechanical and electrical installation company as the research object, selects the DEA method, and establishes the evaluation index system. To evaluate and calculate the production efficiency of mechanical and electrical engineering, get the ranking of the effectiveness of each project. Firstly, the purpose and significance of the study are clear, and the existing related research is analyzed and summarized. After putting forward the questions, the basic concepts of production efficiency and production efficiency evaluation are introduced, and the common efficiency evaluation methods are compared. DEA is chosen as the research method of production efficiency in this paper. By introducing the basic principle and model of DEA method, the steps of DEA efficiency evaluation are clarified. On this basis, the characteristics of building electromechanical construction are combined. Set up the evaluation index system, select "labor cost, material cost, machinery fee, management fee, time limit" as input index, "profit, output value" as output index. This paper collects the actual cost data of 16 projects in a mechanical and electrical installation company, and makes analysis and calculation by using DEAP2.1 software MATLAB R2014a. In this paper, the DEA method is used to sort the efficiency of the project. Considering the limitations of the traditional DEA method, the cross-efficiency evaluation method is introduced. A more scientific method of project validity ranking is obtained, and the relative validity between items can be obtained by sorting. To evaluate the management level of the project management team. DEA can also study the deviation of each index of the relatively invalid project to find the reason of the project relatively invalid. To the relatively inefficient project management team targeted supervision and training, in the next project management to improve their own working methods and ideas, in addition to the completed project evaluation and ranking. It can also be applied to the real-time monitoring of the process of the newly started project, to find out the phenomenon of low efficiency in the process of the project in time, and to put forward the idea of solving the problem and improving the efficiency. It can provide some reference for the project management in the future and provide certain theoretical support for the improvement of the production efficiency of the mechanical and electrical installation engineering of the company, which is of great practical significance for the mechanical and electrical installation company.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:F426.92
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