本文關(guān)鍵詞：山西近代教育建筑的發(fā)展研究　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 山西近代教育建筑 歷史發(fā)展 風(fēng)格特征 中西結(jié)合

【摘要】：中國(guó)近代的發(fā)展歷程,是在半殖民地半封建性質(zhì)的社會(huì)背景下蹣跚、曲折前行的歷史進(jìn)程。從鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開始到1949年建國(guó)前,全國(guó)的大部分地區(qū)基本都處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)狀態(tài)之下,沒(méi)有一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的社會(huì)環(huán)境來(lái)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、工業(yè)、建筑業(yè)以及社會(huì)的各行各業(yè)。近代是現(xiàn)代化的序曲,是社會(huì)現(xiàn)代化的轉(zhuǎn)型期,社會(huì)的發(fā)展需要一個(gè)安定、有序的環(huán)境,而中國(guó)的近代轉(zhuǎn)型期是在一個(gè)無(wú)序、雜亂的社會(huì)環(huán)境下進(jìn)行的,近代的教育事業(yè)就是在這樣的歷史背景下發(fā)展前行的。清朝末期,清政府推行了一系列“新學(xué)”的政策,山西雖然地處內(nèi)陸,相對(duì)比較閉塞,但也受全國(guó)大勢(shì)所影響,在教育理念和教育質(zhì)量方面都有了很大的提高,興建、創(chuàng)辦了許多中小學(xué)堂、專業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校等,為近代教育的普及和人民素質(zhì)的提高做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn),在山西的近代時(shí)期上還創(chuàng)辦了與“北洋大學(xué)堂”(現(xiàn)天津大學(xué)的前身)和“京師大學(xué)堂”(現(xiàn)北京大學(xué)的前身)齊名的山西大學(xué)堂,在中國(guó)的近代教育史上占據(jù)很有分量的一席。山西近代的教育建筑,一直以來(lái)受到各界學(xué)者的關(guān)注都不是特別多,雖然也有一部分學(xué)者做了不少努力,有了一些研究成果。山西省立國(guó)民師范、銘賢學(xué)校(現(xiàn)山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué))和山西大學(xué)堂等建筑受到的關(guān)注比較大,他們從地理位置上看大都位于太原地區(qū)或者附近交通較為便利的地區(qū),在山西地區(qū)的總體研究方面還很薄弱。鑒于現(xiàn)有的研究情況,筆者特意選取了山西近代教育建筑作為研究對(duì)象,以山西近代教育的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)為歷史背景,通過(guò)查閱歷史文獻(xiàn)資料,整理分析以后,發(fā)現(xiàn)山西近代的教育發(fā)展大致可以分為三個(gè)歷史時(shí)期:清朝末期、閻錫山在山西當(dāng)政的時(shí)期、戰(zhàn)亂時(shí)期;在這三個(gè)歷史時(shí)期中教育建筑的興建有不同的特點(diǎn),但總體上可以分為三種情況:占用舊有建筑、改建擴(kuò)建舊有建筑、興建新建筑;之后通過(guò)查閱山西省的文物普查文獻(xiàn),去各地實(shí)地調(diào)研分析總結(jié)出山西近代的教育建筑在建設(shè)背景、平面布局、建筑立面、建筑裝飾、建筑風(fēng)格等方面的總體特點(diǎn)并分別列舉現(xiàn)存的近代教育建筑的例子加以說(shuō)明。最后分析總結(jié)在山西近代發(fā)展歷程中教育建筑的歷史價(jià)值以及歷史地位、保存現(xiàn)狀以及近代教育建筑遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)與再利用。
[Abstract]:The development of China in modern times is a historical process of stumbling and tortuous progress under the background of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, from the beginning of the Opium War to the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949. Most parts of the country are basically in a state of war, and there is no stable social environment for the development of economy, industry, construction and social trades. Modern times are the prelude to modernization. It is the transition period of social modernization, and the development of the society needs a stable and orderly environment, while the transition period of modern China is carried out in a disorderly and chaotic social environment. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government carried out a series of "new learning" policies, although Shanxi is located inland, relatively closed. But also affected by the general situation of the country, in the concept of education and the quality of education have been greatly improved, the construction, the establishment of many primary and secondary schools, professional and technical schools and so on. It has made great contribution to the popularization of modern education and the improvement of people's quality. In the modern period of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University was founded in the same name as "Beiyang University" (now the predecessor of Tianjin University) and "Peking University" (now the predecessor of Peking University). In the modern history of education in China occupies a very important seat. Shanxi's modern educational architecture has been paid less attention to by scholars from all walks of life, although some scholars have made a lot of efforts. With some research results, Shanxi National Teachers College, Ming Xian School (now Shanxi Agricultural University) and Shanxi University buildings have received more attention. Most of them are located in Taiyuan area or near the area where traffic is more convenient, but the overall research in Shanxi area is still very weak. In view of the existing research situation. The author specially selected Shanxi modern educational architecture as the research object, taking the development of Shanxi modern education as the historical background, through consulting historical documents, sorting out and analyzing. It is found that the development of modern education in Shanxi can be roughly divided into three historical periods: the late Qing Dynasty, the period when Yan Xishan was in power in Shanxi, and the period of war; In these three historical periods, the construction of educational buildings has different characteristics, but on the whole, it can be divided into three kinds: occupying old buildings, rebuilding and extending old buildings, and building new buildings; After that, through consulting the literature of cultural relics survey in Shanxi Province, the author analyzes and sums up the construction background, plane layout, building facade and architectural decoration of modern educational buildings in Shanxi Province. Architectural style and other aspects of the overall characteristics and enumeration of the existing examples of modern educational architecture to illustrate. Finally analysis and summary of the historical value and historical status of educational architecture in Shanxi's modern development process. Conservation status and protection and reuse of modern educational architectural heritage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU-092;TU244

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