本文關鍵詞：南平三千八百坎景區(qū)景觀生態(tài)評價研究　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 南平三千八百坎 景觀生態(tài)評價 遺產(chǎn)類景區(qū) GIS AHP

【摘要】：21世紀,中國進入了對于生態(tài)旅游、文化遺產(chǎn)旅游、多元化旅游需求的高速發(fā)展時期,大眾旅游市場日趨擴大。然而,旅游活動的開展對遺產(chǎn)類景區(qū)的生態(tài)、人文、遺跡等都帶來了不可忽視的影響,阻礙了景區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。旅游景區(qū)的建設如何合理開發(fā)利用,保持"生態(tài)敏感-開發(fā)利用-可持續(xù)發(fā)展",成為我們必須要解決的課題。南平八千三百坎作為福建省保存最完整的古道之一,由于自然災害(滑坡、泥石流)和人為干擾等多重因素的影響,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、交通遺跡都遭遇一定程度的破壞。景觀生態(tài)評價是對景區(qū)場地分析的重要手段和生態(tài)規(guī)劃的重要依據(jù),對景區(qū)進行生態(tài)評價與分析,根據(jù)評價結(jié)果,提出景觀生態(tài)優(yōu)化策略,促進南平三千八百坎景區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文以南平三千八百坎景區(qū)景觀生態(tài)評價作為研究課題,通過地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)空間分析、加權(quán)疊加分析技術(shù),結(jié)合美景度評價法和層次分析法,選取景觀生態(tài)評價體系中的景觀自然度、曠奧度、美景度、相容度、可達度、敏感度六個評價因子,建立南平三千八百坎景區(qū)景觀生態(tài)評價體系。通過對其評價結(jié)果的分析,結(jié)合景觀生態(tài)學、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、遺產(chǎn)保護等理論,科學地規(guī)劃景區(qū)內(nèi)各種景觀要素和人文活動,提出優(yōu)化對策。本文主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)在南平三千八百坎景區(qū)景觀自然度評價中,自然景觀占89.76%、半自然景觀占6.6%、人工景觀占3.64%,根據(jù)菲爾德法,得出研究區(qū)域的自然度值為0.51,自然度較高。(2)通過研究區(qū)衛(wèi)星影像圖提取景觀曠奧度相關數(shù)據(jù),得出森林覆蓋率為0.8976,研究區(qū)域地表面積為18.48km2,垂直投影面積為3.46km2,將數(shù)據(jù)帶入公式計算,得出南平三千八百坎景區(qū)的曠奧度值為4.794,景區(qū)的曠奧度值非常高,幽閉性強,存在較多的奧景觀類型,適合游人進行慢休閑游憩體驗。(3)景點美景度得分情況為:情侶瀑布(3.7245)怡心亭(3.5284)華光祖廟(3.3684)滴水巖(2.9633)鵲橋(2.8433)巖腳亭(2.7379)燒烤區(qū)(2.6473)呂祖廟(2.4738)進山大門(2.3758)黃枝潤楠(2.1646),情侶瀑布、怡心亭、華光祖廟的美景度最佳,分值都在3分以上,明顯高于其它景點,黃枝潤楠景點分值最低。(4)南平三千八百坎景區(qū)景觀類型與人類行為的相容度分布情況,完全相容的占17.86%,完全不相容的占32.14%;人類行為體系對生物景觀的相容度最大,為0.081;對建筑景觀的相容度為0.074;遺跡景觀的相容度為0.06;水域景觀的相容度最低,為0.047,景區(qū)在進行規(guī)劃和設計時,要特別注意水域景觀,盡量限制人類活動對其的干擾。(5)在景觀可達度評價中,低可達度區(qū)主要分布在景區(qū)的地勢起伏較大的東部山體,道路少且狀況較差;一般可達度主要分布在景區(qū)的進山公路和景區(qū)的中部,該區(qū)域的海拔較低,道路較為密集,景點分布也較多;高可達度主要分布在景區(qū)西部山體,該區(qū)域道路密集,道路通達好。(6)在景觀敏感度評價中,綜合高程、坡度、坡向、植物、用地現(xiàn)狀、水體緩沖六個敏感度評價因子,將景區(qū)敏感度分為三個區(qū)域,弱敏感區(qū)占47.3%,主要分布在景區(qū)的北部、西部和東南部山體;中敏感區(qū)占49.9%,面積比例最大,主要分布在景區(qū)的東部山體;強敏感區(qū)占2.7%,主要分布在景區(qū)的主路和景點、水域旁。
[Abstract]:In twenty-first Century, Chinese entered for ecological tourism, cultural heritage tourism, the rapid development period of diversification of tourism demand, mass tourism market is increasing. However, the development of tourism ecology, the scenic area of heritage cultural relics, has brought the impact can not be ignored, hindering the sustainable development of scenic spots. The construction of tourist attractions how to reasonably develop and utilize, maintain ecological sensitive - Utilization - sustainable development ", as we have to solve the issue. One of the eight thousand and three hundred ancient Nanping ridge in Fujian Province as the best preserved, due to natural disasters (landslide and debris flow), and human disturbance of multiple factors such as ecological system, traffic sites have suffered a certain degree the destruction of landscape ecological evaluation is an important basis for important means and ecological planning of scenic site analysis, and analysis of the ecological evaluation of the scenic area, according to the evaluation. The fruit, put forward the optimization strategy of ecological landscape, promote the sustainable development of Nanping scenic area. In this paper, three thousand and eight hundred ridge landscape ecological evaluation of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic spot as the research topic, through the geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis, weighted overlay analysis technology, combined with the beauty evaluation and AHP, selection of landscape ecological evaluation system in natural landscape degree, broadnessconcealment degree, beauty, compatibility, accessibility, sensitivity of six evaluation factors, the establishment of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape ecological evaluation system. Through the analysis of the evaluation results, combining with the landscape ecology, sustainable development, heritage protection theory, scientific planning of scenic spots in various landscape elements and human activities in this paper, and put forward optimization measures. The main results are as follows: (1) in the Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape naturalness evaluation in natural landscape, semi natural landscape accounted for 89.76%, accounted for 6 .6%, artificial landscape accounted for 3.64%, according to the Delphi method, the study area of the natural value is 0.51, the natural high degree. (2) extracting landscape broadnessconcealment degree related data by studying the satellite images, the forest coverage rate of 0.8976, the study area of surface area is 18.48km2, the vertical projection area of 3.46km2 data in the formula, the Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic broadnessconcealment degree value is 4.794, the scenic broadnessconcealment degree is very high, claustrophobic strong, there are many Olympic landscape types, for visitors to slow recreation experience. (3) beauty scores for attractions: couple falls (3.7245) heart Yue ting (3.5284) Huaguang Temple (3.3684) Dishuiyan (2.9633) bridge (2.8433) rock foot Pavilion (2.7379) barbecue area (2.6473) Lv Zumiao (2.4738) into the Mountain Gate (2.3758) Zhirun Nan Huang (2.1646), a couple of waterfalls, Yixin Pavilion, temple Huaguang beauty the best score in 3 minutes Above is obviously higher than that of other attractions, Zhirun Huang Nan attractions had the lowest score. (4) compatibility distribution of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape types and human behavior, compatible incompatible accounted for 17.86%, accounted for 32.14%; human behavior system of biological landscape compatibility is the largest, 0.081; 0.074 degrees of compatibility landscape architecture; 0.06 degree of compatibility heritage landscape; water landscape compatibility is the lowest, 0.047 scenic spots in the planning and design, we must pay special attention to the water landscape, try to limit the interference of human activities on it. (5) in landscape accessibility evaluation, low accessibility of the area is mainly distributed in the area undulating terrain of the eastern mountain road, less and poorer; general accessibility is mainly distributed in the central and mountain road into the scenic scenic area, the area of low altitude, the road is more intensive, more scenic spots distribution; high degree of master Distributed in the western mountain scenic spot, the area of road density, road access. (6) the landscape sensitivity evaluation, comprehensive elevation, slope, slope, vegetation, land, water buffer six sensitivity evaluation factors, the sensitivity of the scenic area is divided into three regions, weak sensitive areas accounted for 47.3%, mainly distributed in the area of the northern, Western and southeastern mountain; in the sensitive area accounts for 49.9%, the largest proportion of the area, mainly distributed in the eastern mountain area; high sensitive area accounted for 2.7%, mainly distributed in the area of the main road and attractions, waters.

【學位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU984.18

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