本文關(guān)鍵詞：沈陽市滿融開發(fā)區(qū)雨洪資源優(yōu)化利用研究　出處：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 雨洪資源優(yōu)化利用 海綿城市 雨水可利用量 SWMM 多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化

【摘要】：快速的城市化發(fā)展使得城市下墊面條件發(fā)生巨大的改變,海綿城市的提出為解決城市內(nèi)澇、缺水、徑流污染等水問題提供了有效途徑。建設(shè)適合城區(qū)的雨洪利用與管理措施對滿足日益增加的水資源需求量、預(yù)防城市內(nèi)澇、補(bǔ)充地下水資源、改善城市生態(tài)環(huán)境等均具有重要的意義。本研究借鑒了國內(nèi)外雨洪資源利用的研究成果,對滿融經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)進(jìn)行了研究,運(yùn)用SWMM建立區(qū)域雨洪模型,確定了各措施變量與水量的定量關(guān)系,并運(yùn)用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化的方法建立雨洪資源優(yōu)化利用模型,最終得到最優(yōu)的措施布設(shè)方案。本研究的主要內(nèi)容及成果包括以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)結(jié)合衛(wèi)星資料運(yùn)用ArcGIS分析工具,將區(qū)域劃分為水景觀區(qū)、老城區(qū)、新建城區(qū)三部分,計(jì)算三個(gè)分區(qū)的不透水率分別為2.97%、58.32%、60.00%。針對研究區(qū)的現(xiàn)狀自然條件及排水管網(wǎng)的布設(shè)資料,運(yùn)用SWMM模型,采用泰森多邊形法將其概化為230個(gè)子匯水區(qū),230個(gè)管渠,230個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn),另設(shè)置兩個(gè)排放口。采用芝加哥雨型作為設(shè)計(jì)暴雨雨型,0.5a、1a、2a、5a、10a為設(shè)計(jì)重現(xiàn)期,以此作為模型計(jì)算的降雨條件。(2)通過SWMM模型計(jì)算不同重現(xiàn)期下單項(xiàng)措施面積比例對水量的影響,根據(jù)研究內(nèi)容對雨水可利用量進(jìn)行了重定義,并采用一元線性回歸法建立綠色屋頂率、透水鋪裝率、下沉式綠地率、水面增加率四種措施對徑流系數(shù)及雨水可利用量的函數(shù)關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,各單項(xiàng)措施與徑流系數(shù)、雨水可利用量之間均呈良好的線性關(guān)系,并以2a重現(xiàn)期為例,對比了各單項(xiàng)措施對徑流系數(shù)及雨水可利用量的影響程度,由大到小的排序均是透水鋪裝、增加水面率、綠色屋頂、下沉式綠地,最后驗(yàn)證了不同重現(xiàn)期會影響各措施對水量的作用效果。(3)結(jié)合SWMM原理及單項(xiàng)措施對水量的函數(shù)關(guān)系,編制了組合措施對徑流系數(shù)及雨水可利用量的函數(shù)關(guān)系,以經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會效益、生態(tài)效益為目標(biāo),建立以綠色屋頂率、透水鋪裝率、下沉式綠地率、水面增加率為決策變量的雨洪資源優(yōu)化模型,設(shè)定約束條件為徑流總量控制率、措施最大比例約束、土地約束。采用層次分析法對多目標(biāo)模型進(jìn)行求解,最終計(jì)算得到綠色屋頂率、透水鋪裝率、下沉式綠地率、水面率最優(yōu)比例分別為16.39%、90%、85.6%、7.2%,最后驗(yàn)證了組合措施對城市防洪排澇、提高雨水利用效率、控制徑流污染方面具有良好的效益,為海綿城市的規(guī)劃建設(shè)提供參考依據(jù),對區(qū)域雨洪資源利用和管理具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The rapid city development makes the city surface conditions change, put forward to solve the sponge City City waterlogging, water shortage, and provide an effective way of runoff pollution of water. The water resources demand and management measures to meet the increasing for urban rainwater utilization construction, prevention of city waterlogging, groundwater recharge resources, important is to improve the city's ecological environment. On the basis of the domestic and foreign research results of rainwater resource utilization, research on full thawing Economic Development Zone, the use of SWMM to establish regional rainfall runoff model, the quantitative relationship between the variables and the measures of water were determined, and the establishment of rainwater resources utilization model by using the method of multi-objective optimization, finally get the optimal layout scheme measures. The main contents and results of this study are as follows: (1) using ArcGIS satellite data analysis With the area into the water landscape area, the old city, the new city of the three part, not the rate calculation of the three partition water were 2.97%, 58.32%, 60.00%. data layout in the research area of natural conditions and drainage network, using the SWMM model, using the Tyson polygon method can be generalized into 230 sub catchment area 230, sewers, 230 nodes, another set of two outfall. The Chicago rain as the design storm pattern, 0.5A, 1a, 2a, 5A, 10a as the design return period, as a model for the calculation of the rainfall condition. (2) calculated by SWMM model with different return period under the effect of single measure area the proportion of water, the definition of rainwater available according to the research content, and regression method to establish the green roof rate using a linear, permeable pavement rate, sinking rate of green, the water increase rate of four measures by the amount of rainfall on the runoff and the number of function department The relationship between the individual measures. The results show that the runoff coefficient and rainfall, there were good linear relation between the amount of use of, and the 2A return period as an example, comparing the single measure available amount of influence on runoff coefficient and rainfall, from large to small order are permeable pavement, increase the water rate. Green roofs, sunken green space, finally verify the different return period will affect the effect of various measures of water. (3) combined with the function of SWMM principle and individual measures for water, the combination of measures available function relationship between the amount of runoff coefficient and rainfall, with economic benefits, social benefits, ecological benefits objective to establish a green roof, permeable pavement rate, sinking rate of green water, the increase rate of rainwater resources optimization model of decision variables, constraints set up for the total runoff control rate, measures the largest proportion of land using constraints, constraints. The analytic hierarchy process to solve the multi-objective model, obtained the green roof, permeable pavement sinking rate, green rate, the rate of optimal ratio was 16.39%, 90%, 85.6%, 7.2%, and finally verify the combination of measures of city flood control and drainage, improve the use efficiency of rain water, has good control efficiency of runoff pollution, provide a reference basis for the planning and construction of the sponge City, has important significance for flood resource utilization and management of regional rainfall.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV213.9;TU992

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