本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于海綿城市建設(shè)的廈門城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 暴雨內(nèi)澇 海綿城市 災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 情景模擬 土地利用/覆被變化

【摘要】：在全球氣候變化和環(huán)境變化的大背景下,極端天氣頻頻發(fā)生且呈顯著增加態(tài)勢,城市暴雨內(nèi)澇問題已經(jīng)成為我國多數(shù)大中城市必須面對和解決的“頑疾”。為了解決這一問題,我國提出了海綿城市建設(shè)并開展了相關(guān)試點(diǎn)建設(shè)工作。廈門是我國首批海綿城市試點(diǎn)建設(shè)城市之一,同時(shí)也是飽受城市內(nèi)澇與水資源匱乏并存問題困擾的城市。開展基于海綿城市建設(shè)的廈門城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究既有利于因地制宜解決廈門城市發(fā)展與資源環(huán)境問題,改善其城市人居環(huán)境,促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化健康發(fā)展,同時(shí)也有利于探索和創(chuàng)建具有中國特色的海綿城市建設(shè)新內(nèi)涵。本文以廈門市為研究區(qū),在系統(tǒng)分析國內(nèi)外海綿城市研究及城市暴雨內(nèi)澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估最新研究的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合利用GIS和RS技術(shù)手段,探索了一套簡化的、可用于量化分析海綿城市建設(shè)前后城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害特征及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測的方法,并為廈門海綿城市建設(shè)提出了分區(qū)治理的建議。主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下:(1)通過量化分析1996-2014年廈門城市水文的時(shí)空演變特征,識別出了對廈門城市水文變化起關(guān)鍵作用的區(qū)域。結(jié)果表明:降雨量和城市不透水面的增加會使得城市徑流量、徑流系數(shù)增加,但城市下墊面景觀配置的時(shí)空差異會使得城市水文存在區(qū)域性特征。廈門城市水文敏感區(qū)主要分布在島外的沿海灣區(qū),其中子流域13水文敏感性最強(qiáng)。子流域的水文敏感性與子流域的景觀配置、受人類干擾程度以及地理位置有關(guān),而與其面積大小無關(guān)。(2)通過構(gòu)建簡化的城市暴雨內(nèi)澇模型,情景模擬分析了海綿城市建設(shè)前后城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害的特征,識別出了城市易澇點(diǎn)的空間分布。結(jié)果表明:廈門城市下墊面的土地利用類型中最容易受災(zāi)的是建設(shè)用地和耕地;廈門城市下墊面承災(zāi)體脆弱性在空間上呈明顯的階梯狀分布,其沿海區(qū)域的承災(zāi)體脆弱性明顯高于北部山區(qū):廈門市易澇區(qū)主要分布在島內(nèi){|{\湖、高崎、五緣灣、環(huán)島路以及島外海滄市民廣場和角嵩路、杏林灣、同安灣和大嶝島海域附近。(3)通過構(gòu)建城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害預(yù)測模型,綜合預(yù)測分析了城市內(nèi)部各個(gè)區(qū)域發(fā)生內(nèi)澇的概率,識別出了城市風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)位置和規(guī)模。結(jié)果表明:廈門城市內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)主要分布在{|{\湖兩側(cè)(仙岳路以南和成功大道以西區(qū)域)、高崎機(jī)場以北區(qū)域、呂嶺路與環(huán)島干路交匯處、長岸路兩側(cè)(海天碼頭至高崎碼頭路段)、海滄濱湖北路以西和馬青路以南區(qū)域、集美大道、誠毅東路、杏林路和杏濱路、同安區(qū)海翔大道以東和濱海東大道以西區(qū)域以及城市填海造陸區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:In the background of global climate change and environmental change, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather and showed a significant increase trend, the city waterlogging problem has become the most major city in China must face and solve the ills. In order to solve this problem, our country put forward the sponge city construction and carry out the relevant pilot construction work. Xiamen is one of China's first batch of sponge city pilot construction of the city, but also suffered waterlogging in the city and water resources shortage coexist problem plagued city. The development of Xiamen City rainstorm waterlogging disaster risk research based on sponge city construction is conducive to the development of Xiamen city and to solve the problems of resources and environment, improve the city living environment, promote the healthy urbanization the development, but also conducive to explore and create a unique China sponge city to build a new connotation. This paper takes Xiamen city as the study area, in the Department of Based the analysis of the domestic and foreign research and sponge City City waterlogging risk assessment of the latest research on the comprehensive utilization of GIS and RS technology, explored a set of simplified and can be used for the quantitative analysis method of city waterlogging disaster characteristics and risk forecast of the city before and after the construction of sponge, put forward to partition governance proposals Xiamen sponge city construction. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) through the quantitative analysis of 1996-2014 in Xiamen City hydrology spatio-temporal evolution characteristics, identify plays a key role in the change of hydrological in Xiamen city. The results showed that the regional rainfall and the city impervious surface increases City runoff, runoff coefficient increases, but the spatial and temporal differences the surface configuration of the landscape city will make the city hydrological underlying regional features exist. Xiamen city hydrological sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the island along the Gulf region, the neutron flux 13. The most sensitive domain of hydrological hydrological sensitivity and sub basin of the sub basin landscape configuration, human disturbance degree and geographical location, and its size. (2) the city waterlogging model simplified, scenario analysis of sponge city before and after the construction characteristics of city waterlogging disaster, identified the city waterlogged point spatial distribution. The results show that the Xiamen city underlying surface land use types is the most easily affected land and cultivated land in Xiamen city under construction; surface vulnerability obvious ladder like distribution in space, the coastal area of vulnerability was significantly higher than that in northern mountainous area: Xiamen city in flood prone areas are mainly distributed in the {|{Lake, Xiamen, Wuyuan Bay, the road around the island and the island Haicang public square and the angle of song Road, Xinglin Bay, near Tong'an Bay and Dadeng Island (3) by building the city. The prediction model of waterlogging disaster prediction, comprehensive analysis of the probability of various regions within the city waterlogging, to identify the location and size of city risk area. The results showed that: Xiamen City waterlogging disaster in high risk areas are mainly distributed in the {|{lake on both sides (Xianyue road to the South and the success of the high road west area), Gaoqi airport to the north area. Luling road and Island Road Interchange, long shore road on both sides (Hai Tian pier to pier Takasaki Road), Binhu Road West and Haicang area south of Ma Qing Road, Jimei Avenue, Cheng Yi Road, Xinglin road and apricot Road, Tong'an District Haixiang Boulevard East and west of the region and the coastal road east city land reclamation area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P426.616;TU992

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊一夫;;廈門市海綿城市試點(diǎn)區(qū)翔城國際LID工程效果模擬與評估[J];廈門科技;2016年06期

2 夏鏡朗;崔浩;;澳大利亞水敏性城市設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對我國海綿城市建設(shè)的啟示[J];中國市政工程;2016年04期

3 張鼎肅;;美國海綿城市建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)及其對我國的啟示[J];文史博覽(理論);2016年07期

4 張浪;鄭思俊;;海綿城市理論及其在中國城市的應(yīng)用意義和途徑[J];現(xiàn)代城市研究;2016年07期

5 粟杰文;;居住小區(qū)的海綿工程改造途徑探討——以廈門某居住小區(qū)為例[J];建筑設(shè)計(jì)管理;2016年05期

6 束方勇;李云燕;張恒坤;;海綿城市:國際雨洪管理體系與國內(nèi)建設(shè)實(shí)踐的總結(jié)與反思[J];建筑與文化;2016年01期

7 田磊;;城市化地區(qū)雨洪研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題分析[J];海河水利;2015年06期

8 周倩倩;王和平;許苗苗;陳朝彬;;基于GIS的柵格水文建模法快速評估內(nèi)澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[J];中國給水排水;2015年21期

9 鄒宇;許乙青;邱燦紅;;南方多雨地區(qū)海綿城市建設(shè)研究——以湖南省寧鄉(xiāng)縣為例[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)地理;2015年09期

10 田闖;;發(fā)達(dá)國家海綿城市建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及啟示[J];黃河科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2015年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 權(quán)瑞松;典型沿海城市暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 費(fèi)璇;基于社區(qū)的暴雨內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析和管理[D];上海師范大學(xué);2015年

2 姚珍珍;暴雨災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)及預(yù)測方法研究[D];南京信息工程大學(xué);2012年

3 孫阿麗;基于情景模擬的城市暴雨內(nèi)澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估[D];華東師范大學(xué);2011年

4 劉保莉;雨洪管理的低影響開發(fā)策略研究及在廈門島實(shí)施的可行性分析[D];廈門大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號：1385602