【摘要】：在油氣生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,人們需要實(shí)時(shí)獲得井下信息來(lái)了解和控制井下設(shè)備的工作狀態(tài),無(wú)論在鉆井、完井、采油、人工舉升、壓裂改造、注水還是油氣井測(cè)試中,高效、實(shí)時(shí)、可靠的井下數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方式必不可少。目前所研究的傳輸方式中,聲波傳輸以其成本低、可行性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為目前研究的主要對(duì)象。早期設(shè)計(jì)的聲傳信號(hào)系統(tǒng)利用鉆桿壁作為信道,但鉆桿的周期性結(jié)構(gòu)使得某些頻段的信號(hào)發(fā)生完全衰減,限制了系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用范圍。隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展,大部分油田已采用連續(xù)油管進(jìn)行采油,這就使得利用連續(xù)介質(zhì)進(jìn)行信號(hào)傳輸成為了可能。因此,本文以連續(xù)油管為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)油管中的聲傳特性進(jìn)行了研究,并設(shè)計(jì)了聲波信號(hào)接收裝置,以此為基礎(chǔ)開(kāi)發(fā)新型的聲波信號(hào)傳輸系統(tǒng)。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容有:(1)基于Donnell方程,研究油管壁中的聲傳播特性。分析聲波在管壁中的傳播模式,并推算固液耦合條件下,管壁在激勵(lì)作用下的振動(dòng)方程,進(jìn)而求得油管的共振頻率。研究聲波衰減特性,并有針對(duì)性的計(jì)算主要衰減模式的計(jì)算公式。(2)基于第一部分聲傳播特性的理論研究,利用有限元分析軟件COMSOL模擬油管壁中的聲傳播情況。設(shè)定合理的邊界條件,得到不同聲源激勵(lì)下的油管聲傳播圖,通過(guò)對(duì)比有焊縫和無(wú)焊縫情況下的壓力云圖,研究焊縫對(duì)聲波傳輸?shù)挠绊�。得到�?shù)據(jù)后,利用MATLAB進(jìn)行相關(guān)的延伸計(jì)算。(3)基于有限元模擬數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)聲波接收裝置。介紹了赫姆霍茲共振器和光纖傳感器的基本情況,利用電聲類比的方法計(jì)算了赫姆霍茲共振器不同尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)共振頻率的影響,計(jì)算了特定頻率下的放大器尺寸,并利用COMSOL進(jìn)行模擬驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:In the process of oil and gas production, people need to obtain downhole information in real time to understand and control the working state of downhole equipment, whether in drilling, completion, oil recovery, manual lifting, fracturing, water injection or oil and gas well testing, high efficiency and real time. Reliable downhole data transmission is essential. Among the transmission methods studied at present, acoustic wave transmission has become the main research object because of its low cost and high feasibility. The early design of the acoustic signal system uses the drill pipe wall as the channel, but the periodic structure of the drill pipe causes the complete attenuation of the signal in some frequency bands, which limits the application scope of the system. With the development of technology, most oilfields have adopted continuous tubing for oil production, which makes it possible to use continuous medium for signal transmission. Therefore, in this paper, the acoustic transmission characteristics in the tubing are studied, and the acoustic signal receiving device is designed, based on which a new acoustic signal transmission system is developed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the Donnell equation, the acoustic propagation characteristics in the oil pipe wall are studied. The propagation mode of acoustic wave in the pipe wall is analyzed, and the vibration equation of the pipe wall under the condition of solid-liquid coupling is calculated, and the resonance frequency of the tubing is obtained. The attenuation characteristics of acoustic waves are studied and the formulas for calculating the main attenuation modes are given. (2) based on the theoretical study of the first part of the acoustic propagation, the finite element analysis software COMSOL is used to simulate the sound propagation in the oil pipe wall. By setting reasonable boundary conditions, the acoustic propagation diagram of tubing excited by different sound sources is obtained. The influence of weld on acoustic wave transmission is studied by comparing the pressure cloud diagram with and without weld seam. After getting the data, the MATLAB is used to carry on the related extension calculation. (3) based on the finite element simulation data, the acoustic wave receiving device is designed. This paper introduces the basic situation of Hem Hortz resonator and fiber optic sensor, calculates the influence of different dimensions parameters of Hem Hortz resonator on resonance frequency by the method of electro-acoustic analogy, and calculates the size of amplifier at specific frequency. COMSOL is used to simulate and verify.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE931.2

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