改良早期預(yù)警評分(MEWS)系統(tǒng)在頸脊髓損傷病人護(hù)理中的應(yīng)用研究
本文選題:改良早期預(yù)警評分 + 頸脊髓損傷。 參考:《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:目的根據(jù)近年在Modified Early Warning Score(MEWS)方面的研究,設(shè)計(jì)一種程序化護(hù)理干預(yù)預(yù)案,通過與臨床使用的常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)做隨機(jī)對照研究,探討該方案在頸脊髓損傷病人應(yīng)用效果,并探討該方案在合理分配和利用監(jiān)護(hù)資源方面的價值。 方法通過隨機(jī)抽樣方法抽取自2014年1月至2015年1月在我院進(jìn)行治療的頸脊髓損傷病人共108例作為研究對象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組58例和對照組50例。對照組實(shí)施常規(guī)的護(hù)理,遵醫(yī)囑護(hù)士按照護(hù)理級別要求巡視病房,實(shí)施相應(yīng)的護(hù)理,如病人發(fā)生病情變化護(hù)士按照以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)決定是否呼叫醫(yī)生。實(shí)驗(yàn)組在常規(guī)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)上采用MEWS評分系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行評分,當(dāng)MEWS達(dá)到不同分值時即觸發(fā)不同級別的護(hù)理干預(yù)預(yù)案,立即啟用相應(yīng)的早期預(yù)警護(hù)理干預(yù)方法。該監(jiān)護(hù)方案的主要內(nèi)容有以下幾點(diǎn),第一,預(yù)先設(shè)計(jì)的五個級別的監(jiān)護(hù)預(yù)案,由預(yù)先規(guī)定的MEWS分值可以觸發(fā)預(yù)先設(shè)定的各級預(yù)案;第二,每級預(yù)案中均規(guī)定監(jiān)測病人生命體征的頻率,MEWS評分是通過生命體征參數(shù)獲得的,當(dāng)MEWS分值達(dá)到另一級預(yù)案的觸發(fā)值時,即可以啟動相應(yīng)預(yù)案;第三,從第一次MEWS評分開始,根據(jù)MEWS分值各級預(yù)案的變化會自動的相繼觸發(fā),并產(chǎn)生程序化的監(jiān)護(hù)流程。比較分析兩組病人意外事件發(fā)生率、非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率、入住ICU時間、術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率、平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間及醫(yī)生對護(hù)士滿意度。 結(jié)果(1)本研究分別對兩組病人意外事件發(fā)生率進(jìn)行分析,在實(shí)驗(yàn)組意外事件發(fā)生率為13.8%,對照組意外事件發(fā)生率為48%,實(shí)驗(yàn)組的意外事件發(fā)生率明顯低于對照組,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)組轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率為8.6%,對照組轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率為20%;實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對照組轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率之間差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.10)。而實(shí)驗(yàn)組的非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率為0,對照組的非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率為60%。實(shí)驗(yàn)組的非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于對照組的非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率(P0.05)。(3)對實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組病人的住院時間進(jìn)行比較分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)組總住院時間為16.58±13.61天,對照組總住院時間為16.01±13.54天,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=0.893,P0.318);實(shí)驗(yàn)組住ICU時間為7.89±7.63天,對照組住ICU時間為11.18±8.59天,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)組病人ICU住院時間明顯少于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=-2.019,PO.O5)。(4)在住院期間,對實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對照組病人術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率進(jìn)行比較,實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對照組在“呼吸系統(tǒng)并發(fā)癥、循環(huán)系統(tǒng)并發(fā)癥、壓瘡”比較,有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),其它方面比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(5)在住院期間,對實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對照組病人平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)組的平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間為24±1.5h,對照組的平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間為48±2.3h,實(shí)驗(yàn)組的平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05)。(6)醫(yī)生對護(hù)士滿意度在護(hù)理人員搶救應(yīng)急能力、護(hù)士能否及時觀察到病人的病情變化、護(hù)士的溝通能力、醫(yī)護(hù)配合是否滿意等方面,實(shí)驗(yàn)組明顯高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),其他方面比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論(1)改良早期預(yù)警評分系統(tǒng)能夠早期預(yù)測潛在頸脊髓損傷病人的病情,且操作相對比較簡單,可實(shí)現(xiàn)對病人病情的動態(tài)觀察。(2)改良早期預(yù)警評分系統(tǒng)能幫助醫(yī)護(hù)人員準(zhǔn)確、及時識別處理頸脊髓損傷和潛在頸脊髓損傷病人,減少意外事件發(fā)生,加強(qiáng)了醫(yī)護(hù)間溝通病情,有利于合理分配醫(yī)療資源,同時可做為護(hù)理人員評估病情的重要依據(jù),以隨時監(jiān)測病人病情。(3)與常規(guī)的護(hù)理方案相比,MEWS程序化護(hù)理干預(yù)預(yù)案能夠降低頸脊髓損傷病人住院期間的意外事件發(fā)生率、降低非計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)入ICU率,縮短入住ICU時間,縮短平均監(jiān)護(hù)時間,,提高醫(yī)生對護(hù)士的滿意度,并在本研究中初步證實(shí)了該方案的可行性,值得在臨床中大力推廣。
[Abstract]:Objective According to the recent study in Modified Early Warning Score ( MEWS ) , a programmed nursing intervention plan was designed , and the effect of the scheme on the patients with cervical spinal cord injury was discussed through a randomized controlled study with routine nursing intervention .
Methods A total of 108 cases of cervical spinal cord injury treated from January 2014 to January 2015 were sampled by random sampling . The control group was divided into experimental group ( 58 cases ) and control group ( 50 cases ) .
Secondly , the frequency of the vital sign of the patient is specified in each level plan , MEWS score is obtained through vital sign parameter , and when the MEWS score reaches the trigger value of another level plan , the corresponding plan can be started ;
Thirdly , starting from the first MEWS score , according to the change of the pre - plan at the MEWS score , the automatic sequential trigger is triggered , and a programmed monitoring flow is generated . The incidence of accident events in the two groups , the non - planned transfer - to - ICU rate , the time of staying in ICU , the incidence of postoperative complications , the average monitoring time and the doctor ' s satisfaction with the nurses are analyzed .
Results ( 1 ) The incidence of accidents in the two groups was analyzed , the incidence of unexpected events was 13.8 % in the experimental group , 48 % in the control group , the incidence of unexpected events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P0.05 ) .
There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group ( p < 0 . 10 ) . The non - planned transfer rate of the experimental group was 0 in the control group and 60 % in the control group . ( 3 ) The hospitalization time of the experimental group was 16.58 鹵 13.61 days and 16.01 鹵 13.54 days in the control group . The difference was not significant ( t = 0.893 , P 0 . 318 ) .
The time of ICU stay was 7.89 鹵 7.63 days in the experimental group and 11.18 鹵 8.59 days in the control group .
Conclusion ( 1 ) The improved early warning and scoring system can predict the condition of the patients with cervical spinal cord injury in the early stage , and can realize the dynamic observation of the patient ' s condition .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:R473.6
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