本文選題：充氣測(cè)量 + 小波變換��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：血壓是人體重要生理指標(biāo)之一,在疾病診斷、治療效果的觀察以及反映人體心血管功能的狀況上提供著重要的依據(jù)。有很多關(guān)于心血管系統(tǒng)的信息,比如外周阻力、心率、血容量、血管壁彈性、以及血液物理狀態(tài)等,都與血壓有著密切關(guān)系。在家庭監(jiān)測(cè)中采用電子血壓計(jì)進(jìn)行測(cè)量,對(duì)心血管異常事件的預(yù)防有著重要的幫助。 目前的血壓測(cè)量方法分為有創(chuàng)法與無(wú)創(chuàng)法。有創(chuàng)法即國(guó)際認(rèn)定的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這樣的測(cè)量方式最為準(zhǔn)確,但是極不方便,一般限用于危重病人或開腔手術(shù)病人。無(wú)創(chuàng)法簡(jiǎn)便易操作,在臨床上得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。而在無(wú)創(chuàng)血壓測(cè)量方法中,袖帶氣壓式測(cè)量法其理論成熟且利于實(shí)現(xiàn),成為血壓計(jì)制造商的首選。傳統(tǒng)袖帶氣壓測(cè)量法是在上臂纏繞袖帶并在袖帶放氣的過(guò)程中進(jìn)行血壓測(cè)量。本文所討論的是在腕部纏繞袖帶,并在袖帶充氣的過(guò)程中測(cè)量血壓,基于腕部方式的血壓計(jì)相對(duì)上臂式血壓計(jì)其價(jià)格低廉、使用方便,是一種理想的自助式監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備。 本論文基于腕部充氣的方法測(cè)量血壓,在血壓的信號(hào)采集、處理與結(jié)果驗(yàn)證中做了如下工作： 1.運(yùn)用袖帶內(nèi)的MPXV5050GP壓力傳感器采集靜壓力與脈搏波的混合袖帶壓,并將此信號(hào)傳輸至上位機(jī)(計(jì)算機(jī))。 2.詳細(xì)分析了基于小波變換的脈搏波預(yù)處理方法,首先針對(duì)脈搏波的信號(hào)特點(diǎn)選取小波基,其次采用小波閾值去噪法來(lái)去除脈搏波噪聲,閾值去噪法分別采用強(qiáng)制去噪方法、默認(rèn)閾值去噪方法與給定閾值去噪方法對(duì)模擬信號(hào)去噪處理并得出信噪比對(duì)比結(jié)果,選出最佳去噪方法來(lái)去除采集的袖帶壓混合信號(hào),并完成脈搏波與袖帶靜壓力的分離。 3.采用閾值法提取脈搏波的峰值特征點(diǎn),并設(shè)定閾值排除峰值干擾點(diǎn)。對(duì)去除干擾的脈搏波峰值點(diǎn)進(jìn)行高斯曲線擬合,對(duì)比了一次高斯擬合、二次高斯擬合、雙直線擬合法,并選定最佳擬合曲線來(lái)完成脈搏波峰值包絡(luò)線的繪制。 4.對(duì)原始幅度系數(shù)法進(jìn)行了算法改進(jìn),更精確的找出幅度比例系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的收縮壓、舒張壓位置,并完成收縮壓、舒張壓的計(jì)算。由概率統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)知識(shí)驗(yàn)證本方法所得收縮壓、舒張壓的結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:Blood pressure is one of the important physiological indicators of the human body. It provides an important basis for the diagnosis of disease, the observation of the effect of treatment and the condition of reflecting the cardiovascular function of the human body. There are many information about the cardiovascular system, such as peripheral resistance, heart rate, blood volume, blood vessel wall elasticity, and the physical state of blood, which are closely related to blood pressure. The use of electronic sphygmomanometer in family monitoring is of great help to the prevention of cardiovascular abnormalities.
The current blood pressure measurement methods are divided into the invasive method and the non invasive method. The invasive method is the international recognized gold standard, which is the most accurate, but extremely inconvenient, the general limit is used for the critical patients or the operation patients. The noninvasive method is easy to operate, and has been widely used in clinical. The traditional cuff pressure measurement is to measure the blood pressure of the cuff in the wrist and to measure the blood pressure in the process of inflating the cuff and the wrists based on the sphygmomanometer phase. The upper arm type sphygmomanometer is cheap and easy to use. It is an ideal self-service monitoring device.
Based on the method of wrist inflation, we have done the following work in the collection, processing and verification of blood pressure signals.
1. use the MPXV5050GP pressure sensor in the cuff to collect the cuff pressure of static pressure and pulse wave, and transmit the signal to the upper computer (computer).
2. the pulse wave preprocessing method based on wavelet transform is analyzed in detail. Firstly, the wavelet base is selected for the signal characteristics of the pulse wave. Secondly, the wavelet threshold de-noising method is used to remove the pulse wave noise. The threshold de-noising method adopts the coercive denoising method, the default threshold de-noising method and the given threshold de-noising method are used to denoise the analog signals. And the SNR comparison results are obtained, and the best denoising method is selected to remove the collected cuff pressure mixed signal and complete the separation of the pulse wave from the cuff static pressure.
3. the threshold method is used to extract the peak characteristic point of pulse wave, and the threshold is set to exclude the peak interference point. Gauss curve fitting is used to remove the pulse wave peak point of the interference. The first Gauss fitting, the two Gauss fitting, the double line fitting method are compared, and the best fitting curve is selected to complete the drawing of the pulse wave peak envelope.
4. the original amplitude coefficient method was improved, and the systolic pressure, the diastolic pressure position corresponding to the amplitude ratio coefficient and the calculation of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were completed. The accuracy of the results of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure obtained by this method was verified by the knowledge of probability and statistics.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R443.5;TN911.7

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本文編號(hào)：1789986