本文選題：精神分裂癥　切入點：照顧者　出處：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解精神分裂癥主要照顧者的心理困擾狀況,探討該群體的心理困擾與自尊及病恥感之間的關(guān)系,為提升照顧者的心理健康水平,提高照顧質(zhì)量提供新思路。方法：方便抽取山東省某精神衛(wèi)生中心精神分裂癥患者主要照顧者125名進行問卷調(diào)查。使用一般資料調(diào)查表采集被試的基本信息。K10量表、Link病恥感量表和自尊量表分別用來評估照顧者的心理困擾、病恥感和自尊水平。本次發(fā)放150份問卷,回收125份,有效回收率為83.3%。運用SPSS20.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)的錄入、整理和統(tǒng)計分析,統(tǒng)計方法包括t檢驗、單因素方差分析、Pearson相關(guān)分析和分層回歸分析。結(jié)果：1.精神分裂癥主要照顧者的一般人口社會學特征本研究共納入125名研究對象,其中年齡在31～50歲者居多,已婚者占總?cè)藬?shù)的84.0%,職業(yè)多是農(nóng)民或職員,經(jīng)濟狀況一般者占總?cè)藬?shù)的63.2%,大多數(shù)為患者的父母,其次是配偶,患者病程多在1年及以上2.精神分裂癥主要照顧者的心理困擾得分在人口社會學變量上的差異主要照顧者K10的平均分為(19.54±6.34),得分在16分及以者占總?cè)藬?shù)的70.4%。單因素分析結(jié)果顯示,心理困擾在主要照顧者的年齡、經(jīng)濟狀況、照顧時間上有顯著差異(P0.05)。年齡在31～50歲的照顧者的心理困擾水平最低,經(jīng)濟狀況越好者心理困擾水平越低,照顧患者時間在1年及以上者的心理困擾水平高于照顧患者1年以下者。3.精神分裂癥主要照顧者的病恥感、自尊和心理困擾的相關(guān)性病恥感的平均分為(2.34+0.44),58.4%的主要照顧者病恥感平均分低于2.5分。自尊的平均分為(30.23+3.99)。Pearson相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示,病恥感與心理困擾呈正相關(guān)(r=0.36,P0.01),自尊與心理困擾呈負相關(guān)(r=-0.41,P0.01)。4.精神分裂癥主要照顧者心理困擾的回歸分析以主要照顧者的心理困擾為因變量,病恥感和自尊作為自變量,控制一般人口學因素對心理困擾的影響后進行分層回歸分析。分析結(jié)果顯示,主要照顧者的病恥感可以直接預測他們的心理困擾水平(β＝0.325,P0.001),單獨解釋主要照顧者心理困擾9.9%的變異量。自尊可以負向預測主要照顧者的心理困擾(β＝-0.307,P0.001),單獨解釋其7.9%的變異量。另外,納入自尊后,主要照顧者的病恥感對心理困擾的影響作用減弱(β＝0.272,P=0.001),說明自尊作為保護性因素可以減輕病恥感對心理困擾的不良影響。結(jié)論：1.精神分裂癥主要照顧者心理困擾的發(fā)生率較高,是一個值得關(guān)注的群體。2.精神分裂癥主要照顧者的心理困擾受多種因素影響。病恥感是心理困擾的危險性因素,自尊是心理困擾的保護性因素。3.本研究結(jié)果提示醫(yī)務工作者應加強對低自尊以及高病恥感的精神分裂癥主要照顧者的關(guān)注,采取合適的干預措施,幫助他們降低病恥感,增加自尊水平,從而減輕他們的心理困擾水平,提高照顧質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia, and to explore the relationship between psychological distress, self-esteem and stigma, so as to provide a new way to improve the mental health of caregivers and improve the quality of care.Methods: a questionnaire survey was conducted among 125 primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients in a mental health center in Shandong Province.The basic information of the subjects was collected by general information questionnaire. K10 / Link scale and self-esteem scale were used to assess the psychological distress, stigma and self-esteem of caregivers.150 questionnaires were distributed and 125 were recovered. The effective recovery rate was 83.3%.The statistical methods include t test, single factor ANOVA Pearson correlation analysis and stratified regression analysis.The result is 1: 1.The general demographic and sociological characteristics of the main caregivers of schizophrenia in this study, 125 subjects were included in this study. Most of them were aged 31 to 50 years old, the married people accounted for 84.0% of the total, and most of them were farmers or clerks.The average economic status accounted for 63.2% of the total, most of them were the parents of the patients, followed by their spouses, the course of disease of the patients was more than one year and more than 2. 5%.The difference of psychological distress scores of main caregivers in demographic and sociological variables the average score of K10 of caregivers was 19.54 鹵6.34, with a score of 16 and 70.4% of the total population.The results of univariate analysis showed that psychological distress had significant differences in age, economic status and care time of the main caregivers (P 0.05).The psychological distress level of carers aged 31 to 50 years old was the lowest, and that of those with better economic condition was lower. The psychological distress level of those who cared for patients for more than one year was higher than that of those who cared for patients for less than one year.The average score of ill shame of the main caregivers of schizophrenia and the correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress was 2.34 0.44 / 58.4% and the average score of the main caregivers was less than 2.5.The average score of self-esteem was 30.23 3.99).Pearson correlation. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between stigma and psychological distress, and a negative correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress, and a negative correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress.The regression analysis of the psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia took the psychological distress of the main caregivers as dependent variables, and the sense of shame and self-esteem as independent variables. After controlling the influence of general demographic factors on psychological distress, stratified regression analysis was carried out.The results showed that the stigma of the main caregivers could directly predict their psychological distress level (尾 -0.325% P 0.001), and the variation of the psychological distress of the main caregivers could be explained by 9.9% alone.Self-esteem can negatively predict the psychological distress of the main caregivers (尾 -0.307, P 0.001), and explain alone its variation of 7.9%.In addition, after the inclusion of self-esteem, the effect of ill shame of the main caregivers on psychological distress was weakened (尾 0.272 P0. 001), which indicated that self-esteem as a protective factor could alleviate the adverse effect of ill shame on mental distress.Conclusion 1.The prevalence of mental distress among the main caregivers of schizophrenia is high, and it is a concern group. 2. 2.The psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia is affected by many factors.Stigma is the risk factor of psychological distress, self-esteem is the protective factor of psychological distress.The results of this study suggest that medical workers should pay more attention to the main caregivers of schizophrenia with low self-esteem and high stigma, and take appropriate intervention measures to help them reduce their stigma and increase their self-esteem.In order to alleviate their psychological distress level, improve the quality of care.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R473.74

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 孫麗娟;;精神病患者家屬病恥感的調(diào)查及相關(guān)因素分析[A];全國精神科護理學術(shù)交流暨專題講座會議論文匯編[C];2010年

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本文編號：1697402