本文關(guān)鍵詞： 喪偶老年人 不同階段 健康狀況 影響因素　出處：《山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:通過(guò)對(duì)喪偶后三年內(nèi)不同階段的老年人的健康狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,了解喪偶后不同階段老年人的健康狀況,分析喪偶后不同階段老年人健康狀況的影響因素,為今后有針對(duì)性開展喪偶后不同階段老年人的健康干預(yù)提供參考依據(jù)。方法:采用方便抽樣方法,運(yùn)用一般資料問(wèn)卷、SF-12生命質(zhì)量量表、UCLA孤獨(dú)量表、GDS老年人抑郁量表及SSRS社會(huì)支持量表對(duì)喪偶后不同階段的老年人進(jìn)行調(diào)查;全部數(shù)據(jù)采用Epidata軟件進(jìn)行雙錄入,使用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件包進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料采用均值、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示,計(jì)數(shù)資料采用頻數(shù)、構(gòu)成比表示;計(jì)量資料采用t檢驗(yàn)或方差分析等,計(jì)數(shù)資料采用卡方檢驗(yàn);多因素分析采用逐步多重線性回歸、Logistic回歸分析。檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn)以P05.0,表示差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)果1.基本情況:納入調(diào)查的喪偶老年人共計(jì)314例,新近喪偶階段(喪偶后第1~3個(gè)月)老年人71例(占22.6%),早期喪偶階段(喪偶后第4~6個(gè)月)78例(占24.8%),中期喪偶階段(喪偶后第7~12個(gè)月)80例(25.5%),晚期喪偶階段(喪偶后第13~36個(gè)月)85例(27.1%);各喪偶階段老年人人口學(xué)資料無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P05.0)。2.SF-12量表評(píng)分情況:不同喪偶階段老年人SF-12量表得分不同,新近喪偶組(42.43?14.17),早期喪偶組(46.26?16.24),中期喪偶組(52.11?7.34),晚期喪偶組(52.77?13.08),喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi)老年人生命質(zhì)量最低。多重線性回歸分析顯示,影響喪偶6個(gè)月老年人生命質(zhì)量的主要影響因素有慢性病、城鄉(xiāng)差異、居住狀態(tài)、配偶的喪亡方式。3.UCLA孤獨(dú)量表評(píng)分情況:不同喪偶階段老年人UCLA孤獨(dú)量得分不同,新近喪偶組(40.72?6.47),早期喪偶組(38.74?4.59),中期喪偶組(37.86?3.16),晚期喪偶組(35.67?4.98),新近喪偶階段老年人孤獨(dú)感最高(P05.0)。在新近喪偶階段,居住狀態(tài)、配偶不同喪亡方式對(duì)老年人的孤獨(dú)感差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P05.0)。4.GDS老年抑郁量表評(píng)分情況:喪偶三年內(nèi)老年人抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生率為38.6%,其中輕度抑郁癥狀有25.2%,中重度抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生率為13.4%,無(wú)抑郁癥狀者占61.5%。在喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi),不同居住狀態(tài)、慢性病狀態(tài)及年齡對(duì)喪偶老年人抑郁癥狀發(fā)生狀況差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P05.0)。5.SSRS社會(huì)支持量表評(píng)分情況:不同喪偶階段老年人社會(huì)支持狀況不同,新近喪偶組(32.30?4.88),早期喪偶組(32.41?5.50),中期喪偶組(34.88?4.61),晚期喪偶組(35.62?4.43),喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi)老年人的社會(huì)支持狀況最低(P05.0)。喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi),不同性別、不同文化程度、城鄉(xiāng)差異、不同居住狀態(tài)以及不同慢性病狀態(tài)對(duì)喪偶老年人社會(huì)支持現(xiàn)狀差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P05.0)。結(jié)論1.喪偶三年內(nèi)老年人的生命質(zhì)量整體較低,喪偶6個(gè)月老年人的生命質(zhì)量最低。就喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi)老年人而言,患有慢性病、農(nóng)村、獨(dú)居、配偶不可預(yù)料性喪亡為影響喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi)老年人生命質(zhì)量的危險(xiǎn)因素。2.喪偶三年內(nèi)老年人的心理健康狀況堪憂,新近喪偶階段老年人孤獨(dú)感最高,喪偶6個(gè)月內(nèi)老年人抑郁癥狀發(fā)生率最高。獨(dú)居、配偶不可預(yù)料性喪亡為新近喪偶老年人孤獨(dú)感的危險(xiǎn)因素。喪偶后6個(gè)月內(nèi),高齡、患慢性病的獨(dú)居老年人抑郁癥狀的發(fā)生率高。3.喪偶三年內(nèi)老年人的社會(huì)支持系統(tǒng)需要加強(qiáng),喪偶6個(gè)月老年人的社會(huì)支持最低,女性、低文化程度、農(nóng)村、獨(dú)居、患慢性病為喪偶6個(gè)月老年人社會(huì)支持狀況的危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the investigation of different stages of three years after the widowed in the health status of the elderly, widowed after different stages of understanding the health status of the elderly, widowed after the analysis of the factors influencing the health status of the elderly in different stages, for the future to provide reference for the different stages of widowed elderly people to carry out health intervention. Methods: using convenience sampling method, using the general information questionnaire, SF-12 life quality scale, UCLA scale, GDS scale and SSRS depression in the elderly social support scale to investigate the different stages of the widowed elderly people; all the data were input by Epidata software, using SPSS 21 statistical software package for statistical analysis, the measurement data using mean, standard deviation, count data using frequency, proportion; measurement data using t test and variance analysis, count data using chi square test cases; Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, Logistic regression analysis. Standard test to P05.0, said there were statistically significant differences. Results of the 1. basic conditions: the investigation into the widowed elderly in 314 cases of newly widowed stage (widowed after 1~3 months) in 71 elderly patients (22.6%), early stage (after the widowed widowed the first 4~6 months) in 78 cases (24.8%), middle stage (7~12 after widowed widowed months) in 80 cases (25.5%), late stage (13~36 after widowed widowed months) in 85 cases (27.1%); the widowed elderly stage demographic data showed no statistically difference (P05.0).2.SF-12 scale the scores of different stages: widowed elderly SF-12 scores, newly widowed group (42.43? 14.17), early widowed group (46.26? 16.24), middle group widowed (52.11? 7.34), advanced group widowed (52.77? 13.08), quality of life or even 6 months old. Multiple linear minimum regression analysis showed that. The influencing factors mainly affect the quality of life of 6 months widowed elderly people with chronic diseases, the difference between urban and rural areas, living state, spouse bereavement.3.UCLA Loneliness Scale scores of different stages: widowed elderly UCLA loneliness scores, newly widowed group (40.72? 6.47), early widowed group (38.74? 4.59), interim the widowed group (37.86? 3.16), advanced group widowed (35.67? 4.98), newly widowed elderly loneliness highest stage (P05.0). Living in the newly widowed state stage, significant loneliness of the elderly of different spouse bereavement differences (P05.0).4.GDS Geriatric Depression Scale score: widowed three years old people the incidence of depressive symptoms was 38.6%, including mild depressive symptoms in 25.2%, severe depressive symptoms occurred in 13.4% of the depressive symptoms accounted for 61.5%. in the widowed 6 months, not living status, chronic disease status and age of death The depressive symptoms of elderly people even status differences were statistically significant (P05.0).5.SSRS social support scale: the different stages of the social support to the elderly in widowed, newly widowed group (32.30? 4.88), early widowed group (32.41? 5.50), middle group widowed (34.88? 4.61), widowed group (late 35.62? 4.43), or within 6 months of the elderly social support status of the lowest (P05.0). Different gender widowed within 6 months, the different cultural degree, the difference between urban and rural areas, different living conditions and different chronic diseases of the widowed elderly social support status. The difference was statistically significant (P05.0). Conclusion: 1. widowed quality three years of life of the elderly is low, widowed elderly 6 months. The lowest quality of life within 6 months of widowed elderly, suffering from chronic disease in rural areas, living alone, spouse can not expected of bereavement effect within 6 months of widowed elderly life .2. risk factors of quality of mental health status of widowed three years old people worrying, newly widowed elderly loneliness highest stage, widowed 6 months old. The highest incidence of depressive symptoms alone, spouse unpredictable bereavement risk factors for newly widowed elderly loneliness. 6 months after the widowed and the elderly, elderly people suffering from chronic diseases of the depressive symptoms of the high incidence of.3. within three years of widowed elderly social support system needs to be strengthened, the widowed elderly 6 months minimum social support, female, low education level, rural areas, living alone, suffering from chronic diseases for the elderly widowed 6 months of social support status the risk factors.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R473.2

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