本文關鍵詞：基于GPU的虛擬內窺技術研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 虛擬內窺技術 中心路徑提取 三維可視化 虛擬漫游 圖形處理器

【摘要】：虛擬內窺技術為醫(yī)療診斷開拓了新方法,它是無創(chuàng)的、非侵入式的,可以檢測極其微小的或傳統(tǒng)內窺鏡所無法探入的器官,如腦、心臟等。雖然目前虛擬內窺技術發(fā)展迅速,但仍存在中心路徑提取速度慢、交互效率低等問題。因此,本文的主要研究目的是將GPU的并行計算性能融入到虛擬內窺技術的實現(xiàn)中,提高中心路徑的提取效率,開發(fā)出具備高交互性能的虛擬內窺系統(tǒng),為臨床醫(yī)學的診療提供幫助。在中心路徑提取方面,本文采用勢能場方法。為了降低該方法的時間復雜度,提出了基于GPU的勢能場中心路徑提取并行算法,并充分利用CUDA架構特有的常量存儲器和共享存儲器對普通并行算法進行改進。通過對多組3D模型進行測試,結果表明,隨著數據規(guī)模的增大,加速效果逐漸提升。處理256×256×487的體數據時,可獲得18倍的加速比,解決了中心路徑提取時間長、效率低的問題。在三維可視化方面,本文實現(xiàn)了基于移動立方體算法的面繪制和基于光線投射算法的體繪制。由于體繪制運算量大,僅用CPU進行計算常常無法滿足實時繪制的要求。因此,本文還提出了基于GPU的并行體繪制方法,利用GPU的并行計算性能來提高繪制幀率。測試結果表明,對于多組不同大小的3D模型,該并行方法的繪制幀率均可達到40以上,滿足實時繪制的要求。另外,本文還提供了實時交互功能,用戶可自行設置傳遞函數以達到理想的繪制效果,并可對可視化結果進行放縮、旋轉和拖動等操作。在虛擬漫游方面,本文將平行投影改為透視投影以實現(xiàn)近大遠小的視覺感官效果。提供引導式漫游方式,用戶可操控虛擬相機沿著中心路徑進行漫游,或固定在某一位置對局部進行細微觀察,通過點擊鼠標或按鈕完成虛擬相機鏡頭的放縮或旋轉等操作。最后,本文融合了以上三項技術,設計并實現(xiàn)了基于GPU的虛擬內窺系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)具備較好的交互性能,可改善用戶體驗,為臨床醫(yī)學的診療提供有效的輔助平臺。
[Abstract]:Virtual endoscopy opens up a new method for medical diagnosis. It is noninvasive and can detect extremely small or undetectable organs such as the brain. Although virtual endoscope technology is developing rapidly at present, there are still some problems such as slow center path extraction and low interaction efficiency. The main purpose of this paper is to integrate the parallel computing performance of GPU into the implementation of virtual endoscope, improve the efficiency of central path extraction, and develop a virtual endoscope system with high interaction performance. In order to reduce the time complexity of this method, a parallel algorithm based on GPU for center path extraction of potential energy field is proposed. And make full use of the CUDA architecture unique constant memory and shared memory to improve the common parallel algorithm. Through the multi-group 3D model test, the results show that, with the increase of data size. When processing 256 脳 256 脳 487 volume data, the acceleration ratio can be obtained by 18 times, which solves the problem of long time and low efficiency of center path extraction. In this paper, surface rendering based on moving cube algorithm and volume rendering based on ray-casting algorithm are realized. Because of the large amount of volume rendering computation, only CPU can not meet the requirements of real-time rendering. This paper also proposes a parallel volume rendering method based on GPU, which uses the parallel computing performance of GPU to improve the frame rate of rendering. The test results show that, for many groups of 3D models of different sizes. The rendering frame rate of the parallel method can reach more than 40, which can meet the requirement of real-time rendering. In addition, the real-time interactive function is provided in this paper. The user can set the transfer function to achieve the ideal rendering effect. In virtual roaming, the parallel projection is changed to perspective projection to realize the visual sense effect of near, far and small. The user can control the virtual camera to roam along the central path, or fix a certain position to make a fine observation of the local area, and by clicking the mouse or button to complete the virtual camera lens zooming or rotation operations. Finally. This paper integrates the above three technologies and designs and implements a virtual endoscope system based on GPU. The system has good interaction performance and can improve the user experience and provide an effective auxiliary platform for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical medicine.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R443;TP391.41

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本文編號：1436580