本文關鍵詞： 基本公共服務均等化 綜合評價法 非均等 制度政策　出處：《山西財經(jīng)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，我國的經(jīng)濟取得了飛速發(fā)展，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值從1978年的0.36萬億元上升到2013年的56.88萬億元，人民群眾的生活水平也顯著提升。但是經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展所引發(fā)的社會深層次矛盾也日漸凸顯，其中迫切需要解決的是人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的對基本公共服務的需求與當前其提供水平低且非均等的矛盾。近些年來，我國政府高度重視基本公共服務均等化的推進，2013年黨的十八屆三中全會報告中指出：“推進社會領域制度創(chuàng)新，推進基本公共服務均等化，加快形成科學有效的社會治理體制�！贝送�，我國專家學者也對均等化的實現(xiàn)進行了積極的探索并且已經(jīng)取得了一些進展，但是實現(xiàn)均等化還有些距離。因此本文希望深入研究我國基本公共服務均等化問題，并為均等化的實現(xiàn)建言獻策。 筆者主要對我國基本公共服務均等化的相關理論、意義、條件、原則、標準、現(xiàn)狀、問題和原因進行了分析，通過充分借鑒國外經(jīng)驗得出了切實可行的對策。第一，筆者在大量閱讀和研習已有文獻資料的基礎上對我國基本公共服務均等化的相關理論進行了分析、歸納和總結(jié)并對相關概念創(chuàng)造性的進行了科學、完整的定義。第二，運用定性分析法、文獻研究法和歸納法等分析、總結(jié)了實現(xiàn)基本公共服務均等化的意義、條件、原則和標準。第三，要對我國基本公共服務均等化問題進行研究，必須深入了解我國基本公共服務的現(xiàn)狀，只有從定性和定量兩個角度去分析才能得出客觀、準確的結(jié)論，因此，本文在大多數(shù)學者偏向于定性研究的基礎上引入了定量分析，建立了較為廣泛、代表性強的基本公共服務均等化水平指標體系，選用了綜合評價法中的熵權——TOPISIS法對該指標體系進行評價，得出我國基本公共服務均等化的現(xiàn)狀。第四，根據(jù)評價結(jié)果得出我基本公共服務非均等的問題，深入闡述了非均等的表現(xiàn)，并且創(chuàng)造性的把“破窗效應”引入其原因分析中，得出體制、制度、政策等是導致非均等的主要因素，并運用了制度結(jié)構(gòu)法對其原因進行分析。第五，通過閱讀中、外文文獻，結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)狀選取了對我國均等化的實現(xiàn)極具借鑒意義的瑞典和德國進行介紹，，闡述了其可取之處。第六，結(jié)合我國國情提出了促進基本公共服務均等化的對策和建議，其中涉及到某些制度的完善，如提出了實現(xiàn)橫向和縱向轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度相結(jié)合；通過實行“積分入戶”制度來進行戶籍改革以緩解戶口制度放開造成的對大城市的沖擊等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid development, the gross domestic product (GDP) rose from 360 billion yuan in 1978 to 56.88 tillion yuan in 2013. The standard of living of the people has also improved significantly. However, the deep-seated social contradictions caused by the rapid development of the economy are also becoming increasingly prominent. Among them is the growing demand for basic public services and the current low and unequal level of delivery. In recent years, Our government attaches great importance to the promotion of equalization of basic public services. In the report of the third Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee in 2013, it was pointed out: "promote institutional innovation in the social field and promote equalization of basic public services. Speed up the formation of a scientific and effective social governance system. "in addition, Chinese experts and scholars have also actively explored the realization of equalization and have made some progress. However, there is still some distance to achieve equalization. Therefore, this paper hopes to study the equalization of basic public services in China, and give some suggestions for the realization of equalization. The author analyzes the relevant theories, significance, conditions, principles, standards, current situation, problems and causes of equalization of basic public services in China. On the basis of reading and studying a large amount of literature, the author analyzes the theory of equalization of basic public services in China, summarizes and summarizes the relevant concepts creatively, and gives a scientific and complete definition. By using qualitative analysis, literature research and induction, this paper summarizes the significance, conditions, principles and standards of equalization of basic public services. Third, we should study the equalization of basic public services in China. We must deeply understand the present situation of basic public service in our country. Only from the qualitative and quantitative analysis can we draw an objective and accurate conclusion. Therefore, this paper introduces quantitative analysis on the basis of the majority of scholars' bias towards qualitative research. The index system of equalization level of basic public service is established, and the entropy weight of the comprehensive evaluation method is selected to evaluate the index system. The present situation of equalization of basic public service in China is obtained. 4th. According to the evaluation results, I draw the question of the inequality of basic public service, elaborate the performance of inequality in depth, and creatively introduce the "broken window effect" into its cause analysis, and get the system and system. Policy is the main factor leading to inequality, and the institutional structure method is used to analyze the causes. 5th, through reading, foreign literature, Combined with the present situation of our country, Sweden and Germany, which are of great significance for reference to the realization of equalization in China, are selected to introduce it, and its merits are expounded. 6th, and the countermeasures and suggestions to promote equalization of basic public services are put forward in the light of the national conditions of our country. It involves the perfection of some systems, such as realizing the combination of horizontal and vertical transfer payment system, carrying out the household registration reform through implementing the "integral entry" system to alleviate the impact on the big cities caused by the opening of the household registration system, and so on.
【學位授予單位】：山西財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D630

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