【摘要】：隨著嵌入式系統(tǒng)的廣泛使用和網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)技術(shù)的完善,油田設(shè)備實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)通訊成為當(dāng)前研究的熱點(diǎn)。采用嵌入式協(xié)議棧的直接連接方式是解決油田設(shè)備互聯(lián)網(wǎng)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)比較好的方案。IPv6不但解決了IPv4地址耗竭的問(wèn)題,還具有擴(kuò)展性好,安全性高,能更好地支持QoS,支持移動(dòng)性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此在油田設(shè)備中實(shí)現(xiàn)IPv6功能具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。雖然目前在商用系統(tǒng)和Linux操作系統(tǒng)中已經(jīng)有了對(duì)IPv6功能的支持,但由于系統(tǒng)成本或代碼體積的原因,并不能滿足所有嵌入式應(yīng)用的要求。2012年12月,應(yīng)公司要求,為大慶油田A11(油氣生產(chǎn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)稱)項(xiàng)目組設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)支持IPV4及IPV6的雙協(xié)議棧RTU。該協(xié)議棧的設(shè)計(jì)難點(diǎn)在于IPV6協(xié)議族的協(xié)議理解及程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)上。大慶A11項(xiàng)目組對(duì)油田專用RTU的協(xié)議棧提出如下要求:1、IPV6協(xié)議棧支持動(dòng)態(tài)IP地址配置;2、IPV6協(xié)議棧支持靜態(tài)IP地址配置;3、支持IPV4、IPV6雙棧;4、不得使用串口轉(zhuǎn)以太網(wǎng)模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)以太網(wǎng)通訊;5、禁止OEM及嵌入第三方以太網(wǎng)通訊模塊。針對(duì)大慶“油氣生產(chǎn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)”中RTU(遠(yuǎn)程測(cè)控單元)以太網(wǎng)通訊的技術(shù)要求,需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的協(xié)議有IPV6、ICMPV6、TCP、UDP、DCHPV6。其他協(xié)議,因與油田應(yīng)用無(wú)關(guān),不在設(shè)計(jì)范圍之內(nèi)。本人曾經(jīng)在嵌入式實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)μC/OS-Ⅱ上設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)一款I(lǐng)Pv4協(xié)議棧,根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求,本人在IPv4協(xié)議棧上進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)展,以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)IPV4、IPV6雙棧支持。由于協(xié)議運(yùn)行于RTU上,要求協(xié)議棧代碼效率高,占用RAM空間小。因此,新設(shè)計(jì)的IPv6協(xié)議棧盡量與原IPV4協(xié)議棧代碼和RAM空間實(shí)現(xiàn)共享。針對(duì)油田上的應(yīng)用,設(shè)計(jì)中充分考慮了實(shí)時(shí)性要求。同時(shí),為了應(yīng)對(duì)將來(lái)技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及應(yīng)用上的彈性,本設(shè)計(jì)在當(dāng)前油田要求的基礎(chǔ)上,盡可能的考慮了可裁剪性和可擴(kuò)展性。同時(shí),為了方便應(yīng)用工程師的使用,在精煉代碼的同時(shí),充分考慮了工程師們的編程、應(yīng)用習(xí)慣,應(yīng)用接口采用普遍使用的套接字接口。應(yīng)用的流程同樣遵循初始化、建立套接字、綁定或連接后,再進(jìn)行接收、發(fā)送操作,使用完畢后斷開(kāi)鏈接的流程。本論文為了實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo),主要通過(guò)四個(gè)方面的研究展開(kāi)設(shè)計(jì)工作:一是針對(duì)windows操作系統(tǒng)以及l(fā)inux操作系統(tǒng)中,關(guān)于套接字接口結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究,以便于設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)更貼合應(yīng)用程序員使用習(xí)慣的套接字接口程序。二是針對(duì)IPv6導(dǎo)致的TCP協(xié)議校驗(yàn)以及偽報(bào)頭產(chǎn)生的變化進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)整,以便于達(dá)到在盡量少的改動(dòng)及代碼增量的前提下,解決IPv4與IPv6下的TCP協(xié)議的共用問(wèn)題。三是針對(duì)IPv6協(xié)議棧的核心——IPv6協(xié)議進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn),其中主要考量的是代碼效率以及與IPv4資源共用問(wèn)題。四是針對(duì)IPv6協(xié)議棧引發(fā)的ICMP協(xié)議變化,進(jìn)行新版本ICMP的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)。同時(shí)對(duì)于IPv6所特有的鄰居發(fā)現(xiàn)以及無(wú)狀態(tài)地址協(xié)議進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。本論文在基于油田RTU的IPV6協(xié)議設(shè)計(jì)完成后,單獨(dú)拿出一章講解了測(cè)試方法及測(cè)試結(jié)果,從理論以及實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面,說(shuō)明了本協(xié)議棧的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of the embedded system and the improvement of the network interconnection technology, the oil field equipment realizes the Internet communication becomes the hot point of the current research. The direct connection of the embedded protocol stack is a good solution to the problem of Internet in the field of oil field equipment. IPv6 not only solves the problem of IPv4 address exhaustion, but also has the advantages of good expansibility and high security, and can support QoS and support mobility. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to realize the IPv6 function in the field equipment. Although support for IPv6 functionality is currently available in both commercial and Linux operating systems, the requirements of all embedded applications cannot be met due to system cost or code volume. In December 2012, corporate requirements were required, The project team is designed to support the dual-protocol stack RTU of IPV4 and IPV6. The difficulty of the protocol stack is the protocol understanding and program implementation of the IPV6 protocol family. the Daqing A11 project team provides the following requirements for the protocol stack of the special RTU of the oil field: 1, the IPV6 protocol stack supports the dynamic IPaddress configuration; 2, the IPV6 protocol stack supports the static IPaddress configuration; 3, the IPV6 dual stack is supported; 4, the Ethernet communication can not be realized by using the serial-port-to-Ethernet module; and 5, Prohibited the OEM and the embedded third-party Ethernet communication module. For the technical requirements of the Ethernet communication of RTU (remote measurement and control unit) in Daqing 鈥淥il and gas production internet of things system鈥，

本文編號(hào)：2421277