【摘要】：目前,用戶對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的訪問模式已經(jīng)從點對點通信為主轉(zhuǎn)為內(nèi)容獲取為主。傳統(tǒng)的TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)僅傳輸字節(jié)流,并不感知內(nèi)容,從而造成了網(wǎng)絡(luò)上大量的冗余流量傳輸。此外,信息科技的不斷發(fā)展,特別是移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的迅猛發(fā)展,使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量日益增大,網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用呈現(xiàn)多樣化的特點,網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理也變得越來越復(fù)雜,使現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)在可擴展性、安全性、可管可控性以及移動性等方面均面臨諸多挑戰(zhàn)。當(dāng)前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)已經(jīng)難以滿足網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用的未來發(fā)展需求,為了解決當(dāng)前互聯(lián)網(wǎng)面臨的挑戰(zhàn),研究界提出了信息中心網(wǎng)絡(luò)這一革命性解決方案,命名數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Named Data Networking, NDN)是其中的一個典型代表。作為一種新型網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu),NDN不僅要能夠有效應(yīng)對現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)面臨的挑戰(zhàn),從根本上解決網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量的爆炸性增長問題,而且需要支持現(xiàn)有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)的運營模式。為了應(yīng)對海量的用戶,許多大型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)都采用了任播服務(wù)架構(gòu),基于DNS或重定向等技術(shù)由眾多物理上分散的服務(wù)器或者服務(wù)器集群為不同用戶提供服務(wù),以提高服務(wù)的可擴展性、可靠性及高可用性。但是,TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)與NDN在網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)上的巨大差異使得現(xiàn)有的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)任播機制無法直接移植到NDN網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,而NDN自身基于路由的任播機制無法滿足有狀態(tài)和靈活的任播需求。本文針對NDN不支持靈活和有狀態(tài)的任播需求這一問題,提出了基于請求重定向、報文重寫和基于混合機制的任播解決方案,并對不同方案進行了系統(tǒng)的分析比較。本文的主要貢獻如下:1)全面分析了任播服務(wù)的特性和應(yīng)用場景及NDN與TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)的差異,指出TCP/IP的任播機制無法直接移植到NDN網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的原因,及NDN中支持任播所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。2)圍繞有狀態(tài)和靈活的任播需求,提出了 NDN中的多種任播解決方案,并從可擴展性(Scalability)、流親近性(Flow Affinity)、透明性(Transparency)、靈活性(Flexibility)及服務(wù)響應(yīng)時間等度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對不同方案進行了系統(tǒng)的比較分析。定性的分析結(jié)果表明,基于混合機制的任播方案在各方面均有較好的表現(xiàn),能有效滿足有狀態(tài)和靈活的任播需求。3)針對重定向-重寫的混合任播機制,提出了多種第一預(yù)設(shè)策略和第二預(yù)設(shè)策略。基于OMNet++仿真平臺和ccnSim,完成了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和仿真實現(xiàn),驗證了系統(tǒng)的正確性,并對不同組合策略的性能進行了評價。
[Abstract]:At present, the access mode of users to the Internet has changed from point-to-point communication to content acquisition. Traditional TCP/IP networks only transmit byte streams and do not perceive content, which results in a large number of redundant traffic on the network. In addition, with the continuous development of information technology, especially the rapid development of mobile Internet, network traffic is increasing day by day, network applications are diversified, and network management is becoming more and more complex, which makes the existing network extensible. Security, controllability and mobility face many challenges. The current network architecture has been difficult to meet the needs of the future development of network applications. In order to solve the current challenges facing the Internet, the research community has put forward the information center network, a revolutionary solution, named data network (Named Data Networking,. NDN) is one of the typical representatives. As a new network architecture, NDN not only has to be able to effectively deal with the challenges faced by the existing network, fundamentally solve the explosive growth of network traffic, but also need to support the operation mode of the existing Internet services. In order to cope with a large number of users, many large Internet services have adopted the architecture of anycast services. Based on DNS or redirection and other technologies, many physically dispersed servers or server clusters provide services to different users. To improve service scalability, reliability and high availability. However, the huge difference between TCP/IP network and NDN in network architecture makes the existing Internet anycast mechanism can not be directly transplanted to NDN network, and the NDN routing based anycast mechanism can not meet the need of stateful and flexible anycast. In order to solve the problem that NDN does not support flexible and stateful demand for any broadcast, this paper proposes a solution based on request redirection, message rewriting and hybrid mechanism, and makes a systematic analysis and comparison of different schemes. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1) the characteristics and application scenarios of anycast service and the differences between NDN and TCP/IP network architecture are analyzed, and the reasons why TCP/IP 's broadcast mechanism can not be directly transplanted to NDN network are pointed out. And the challenge of supporting any broadcast in NDN. 2) focusing on the requirement of any broadcast with state and flexibility, this paper puts forward a variety of solutions in NDN, and makes (Flow Affinity), transparent from extensible (Scalability), stream. Flexible (Flexibility) and service response time are used to compare and analyze the different schemes. The qualitative analysis results show that the hybrid scheme has a good performance in all aspects and can effectively meet the needs of any broadcast with state and flexibility. 3) for the redirection-rewriting hybrid anycast mechanism, Several first and second presupposition strategies are proposed. Based on the OMNet simulation platform and ccnSim, the system design and simulation are completed, the correctness of the system is verified, and the performance of different combination strategies is evaluated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP393.0

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