【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)中內(nèi)容分發(fā)需求的日益增長,傳統(tǒng)TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)在以內(nèi)容分發(fā)為主的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中的弊端日益突顯,因此信息中心網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Information-Centric Networking,ICN)得以提出和發(fā)展。ICN實(shí)現(xiàn)了從以主機(jī)為中心的IP架構(gòu)到以內(nèi)容數(shù)據(jù)為中心的架構(gòu)演變,通過網(wǎng)內(nèi)緩存機(jī)制使得中間路由節(jié)點(diǎn)可以緩存和提供內(nèi)容副本,從而提高了內(nèi)容分發(fā)效率。此外,ICN基于內(nèi)容名路由,以無連接的方式來進(jìn)行通信,天然的支持移動性。然而,目前基于ICN的網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)方案都是完全替代IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)式的方案,這存在兩個方面的問題:一是全局網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題,即路由性能、IP兼容性等方面的問題導(dǎo)致架構(gòu)可行性不足,在可預(yù)見時間內(nèi)難以部署實(shí)施,但是對于以內(nèi)容分發(fā)為主的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境,TCP/IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在較大的弊端;二是邊緣網(wǎng)絡(luò)移動性問題,即ICN移動性方案要求用戶在切換后重新發(fā)送請求,導(dǎo)致切換中斷時延較大。同時,由于ICN節(jié)點(diǎn)緩存空間有限,需要部署高效的緩存機(jī)制來優(yōu)化架構(gòu)的緩存性能。然而現(xiàn)有的反應(yīng)式緩存方案存在緩存冗余性等問題,導(dǎo)致緩存命中率較低,并且無法解決移動用戶重傳請求產(chǎn)生的切換等待時延問題。因此,本文針對上述網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)和緩存機(jī)制存在的問題,提出了新型架構(gòu)方案和對應(yīng)架構(gòu)場景的緩存機(jī)制。本文主要貢獻(xiàn)如下:(1)針對目前ICN架構(gòu)研究中的全局可行性問題,本文提出和實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種基于IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)的網(wǎng)內(nèi)緩存架構(gòu)方案CAIP(Caching Anywhere in IP networks)。CAIP方案通過定義攜帶內(nèi)容標(biāo)識的IP選項(xiàng)和新型路由節(jié)點(diǎn),在IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)中實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)內(nèi)緩存機(jī)制。該方案提出了 IP路由和緩存索引查找相結(jié)合的路由方案,以及逐跳確認(rèn)和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)分離的新型可靠傳輸方案,從而一方面可以兼容TCP/IP協(xié)議,另一方面高效可靠得實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)內(nèi)緩存。最后,基于Linux內(nèi)核開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)平臺,驗(yàn)證了 CAIP架構(gòu)可以有效提高內(nèi)容分發(fā)效率。(2)針對CAIP架構(gòu)存在的緩存性能問題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種反應(yīng)式協(xié)同緩存方案。該方案通過讓路由節(jié)點(diǎn)與其鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)之間交互緩存信息,減少了緩存冗余性。當(dāng)節(jié)點(diǎn)緩存空間不足時,首先以最大化本地緩存內(nèi)容價值為目標(biāo)進(jìn)行本地內(nèi)容更新;其次結(jié)合鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)的緩存空間因素、鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)路徑因素和內(nèi)容價值因素,將本地替換出的內(nèi)容分配至鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn),充分利用了節(jié)點(diǎn)的緩存資源。最后,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了該緩存方案可以有效提升緩存性能和減少內(nèi)容獲取時延。(3)針對CAIP架構(gòu)存在的邊緣移動性問題,本文提出了一種CAIP與SDN技術(shù)結(jié)合的無線緩存網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu),即利用SDN技術(shù)對CAIP架構(gòu)的邊緣無線局域網(wǎng)進(jìn)行集中化管理。SDN控制器維護(hù)了無線接入點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容緩存和用戶的二層信息,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了 CAIP架構(gòu)對邊緣移動性的支持。同時,基于CAIP-SDN架構(gòu)提出了一種主動式移動增強(qiáng)型緩存方案,該方案預(yù)先緩存用戶的二層流表信息和獲取的內(nèi)容數(shù)據(jù)。最后,仿真驗(yàn)證了基于CAIP-SDN架構(gòu)的主動式緩存方案可以明顯減少移動用戶的切換時延。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of content distribution in the network, the disadvantages of the traditional TCP/ IP network in the network environment based on content distribution are becoming more and more prominent, so the information center network (ICN) can be put forward and developed. ICN realizes the evolution of the architecture from the host-centric IP architecture to the content data-centric architecture, enabling the intermediate routing node to cache and provide a copy of the content through the intra-network caching mechanism, thereby increasing the content distribution efficiency. In addition, the ICN communicates in a connectionless manner based on the content name route, and natural support mobility. However, the currently ICN-based network architecture scheme is a completely alternative IP network scheme, which has two problems: one is the problem of global network, that is, the problems of routing performance, IP compatibility and the like lead to the insufficient architecture feasibility, and can be difficult to deploy and implement in the foreseeable time, However, for the network environment based on the content distribution, the TCP/ IP network has a great disadvantage; 2 is the edge network mobility problem, that is, the ICN mobility scheme requires the user to re-send the request after the handover, resulting in a large switching interrupt time delay. At the same time, due to the limited cache space of the ICN node, an efficient caching mechanism is required to optimize the cache performance of the architecture. However, the existing reactive caching scheme has the problems of cache redundancy and the like, resulting in lower cache hit rate, and can not solve the problem of waiting time delay caused by the mobile user re-transmission request. Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned network architecture and the caching mechanism, the new architecture scheme and the caching mechanism of the corresponding architecture scene are put forward. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) In view of the global feasibility problem in the current ICN architecture research, this paper proposes and implements an IP (Cached Anywhere in IP networks) based on IP network. In the IP network, the IP option and the new routing node carrying the content identification are defined, and the intra-network caching mechanism is implemented in the IP network. In this scheme, a routing scheme combining IP routing and cache index lookup is proposed, and a new and reliable transmission scheme for confirming and forwarding separation on a hop-by-hop basis is proposed, so that the TCP/ IP protocol can be compatible on the one hand, and on the other hand, the buffer in the network can be efficiently and reliably realized. Finally, based on the system platform developed by Linux kernel, it is verified that the CAIP architecture can effectively improve the content distribution efficiency. (2) In view of the problem of the cache performance existing in the CAIP architecture, this paper designs a kind of reactive cooperative caching scheme. The scheme reduces the cache redundancy by making the way of the interaction buffer information between the node and its neighbor node. when the cache space of the node is insufficient, the local content updating is firstly carried out with the aim of maximizing the value of the local cache content; secondly, the local content is distributed to the neighbor node according to the cache space factor, the neighbor node path factor and the content value factor of the neighbor node, and the cache resources of the nodes are fully utilized. Finally, the simulation verifies that the cache scheme can effectively improve the cache performance and reduce the content acquisition time delay. (3) Aiming at the problem of edge mobility existing in the CAIP architecture, this paper presents a wireless buffer network architecture combined with the technology of CAIP and SDN, that is, the SDN technology is used to centralize the edge wireless local area network of the CAIP architecture. The SDN controller maintains the content cache of the wireless access point and the two-layer information of the user, thereby realizing the support of the CAIP architecture for edge mobility. At the same time, based on the CAIP-SDN architecture, an active mobile enhanced caching scheme is proposed, which pre-caches the user's two-layer flow table information and the acquired content data. Finally, the simulation verifies that the active caching scheme based on the CAIP-SDN architecture can significantly reduce the switching time delay of the mobile user.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP393.02

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