本文選題：復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 魯棒性　； 參考：《沈陽理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的安全性已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)找骊P(guān)心的一個(gè)重要問題。人們做出了很多的努力，但是大規(guī)模的相繼故障仍然時(shí)有發(fā)生。復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的相繼故障，就是指一個(gè)或少數(shù)幾個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)或邊發(fā)生的故障通過節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的耦合關(guān)系引起其他節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)生故障，這樣就會(huì)產(chǎn)生連鎖效應(yīng)，最終導(dǎo)致相當(dāng)一部分節(jié)點(diǎn)甚至整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崩潰，也形象的稱為“雪崩”。為滿足人們對(duì)各種關(guān)乎國(guó)計(jì)民生網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全性和可靠性的要求，有必要對(duì)復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)相繼故障的發(fā)生機(jī)理、相繼故障的預(yù)防與控制進(jìn)行研究。 本文首先介紹了四種經(jīng)典的基本網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，分別是規(guī)則網(wǎng)絡(luò)、隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、WS小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)和BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)，研究了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基本特性，分析了BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)、WS小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在遭遇攻擊時(shí)的魯棒性。然后分析了三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)在隨機(jī)性攻擊和蓄意性攻擊上的魯棒性。用參數(shù)攻擊標(biāo)度來控制隨機(jī)攻擊和蓄意攻擊，，用最大連通子圖比來表示網(wǎng)絡(luò)的魯棒性能，通過分析，在隨機(jī)性攻擊方面，三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)都表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的魯棒性；在蓄意性攻擊方面，BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)都表現(xiàn)出了很強(qiáng)的脆弱性，但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)稍好點(diǎn)，而WS小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)幾乎沒表現(xiàn)出脆弱性。最后分析了網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載對(duì)三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)的魯棒性影響，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，當(dāng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)空負(fù)載時(shí)，WS表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的魯棒性，而BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)次之；在網(wǎng)絡(luò)滿負(fù)載的情況下，分為兩種情況，在容許參數(shù)低時(shí)，三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)都表現(xiàn)出了很強(qiáng)的脆弱性，在容許系數(shù)高時(shí)，在隨機(jī)性攻擊時(shí)BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)表現(xiàn)強(qiáng)魯棒性，而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)弱些，在蓄意攻擊時(shí)BA無標(biāo)度表現(xiàn)出高度的脆弱性，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)次之。 WS小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)不管是隨機(jī)攻擊還是蓄意攻擊都有很強(qiáng)的魯棒性，但強(qiáng)度不及BA無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
[Abstract]:The security of complex networks has become an important issue that people pay more and more attention to. A lot of efforts have been made, but large-scale successive failures still occur from time to time. The sequential failure of complex network refers to the failure of one or a few nodes or edges causing the faults of other nodes through the coupling relationship between nodes, which will produce cascading effects. Eventually leading to the collapse of a considerable number of nodes or even the entire network, also known as the "avalanche." In order to meet the requirements of the safety and reliability of the network, it is necessary to study the occurrence mechanism, prevention and control of the successive faults of the complex network. This paper first introduces four kinds of classical basic network models, namely, regular network, random network, small world network and BA scale-free network, and studies the basic characteristics of the network. In this paper, the robustness of the BA scale-free network / WS small-world network and the Internet under attack is analyzed. Then, the robustness of three kinds of networks on random attack and deliberate attack is analyzed. The parameter attack scale is used to control random attack and deliberate attack, and the maximum connected subgraph ratio is used to represent the robustness of the network. Both scale-free networks and the Internet have shown a strong vulnerability to intentional attacks, but the Internet is slightly better, while the WS small-world network shows little vulnerability. Finally, the effects of network load on the robustness of the three networks are analyzed. Experiments show that when the network is empty, WS exhibits strong robustness, while BA scale-free network and Internet take the second place, and when the network is full, it can be divided into two cases. When the allowable parameters are low, the three kinds of networks exhibit strong vulnerability. When the allowable coefficient is high, the BA scale-free network exhibits strong robustness while the Internet is weaker. BA has a high degree of vulnerability in a deliberate attack, followed by the Internet. WS small world network has strong robustness whether random attack or deliberate attack, but its strength is not as strong as BA scale-free network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：O157.5;TP393.08

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